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PubMed1985

Alcohol consumption and blood pressure: analysis of data from the Canada Health Survey.

Recent epidemiologic studies report a significant association between alcohol consumption and elevations in both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a multivariate analysis of physical examination and other data on 721 men and 697 women aged 20 or more collected during the Canada Health Survey in 1978-1979. SBP and DBP were considered as separate dependent variables in multiple regression models with the following independent variables: age, alcohol consumption (measured as a 7-day recall history and as an average frequency of consumption), serum cholesterol, plasma glucose, physical activity, Quetelet index, parental history of hypertension, cigarette consumption, income, education, and exogenous hormonal use in women. In both weighted and unweighted multiple regression analyses, we could not demonstrate for either sex, a significant association between alcohol consumption (as recorded and following quadratic and logarithmic transformations) and either SBP or DBP. For both sexes, only age and Quetelet index were highly significantly (P less than 0.0001) and consistently associated with both SBP and DBP. No other independent variables were consistently associated, for either sex, with SBP and DBP. Further, the dose-response patterns noted by other investigators suggesting either a positive and linear relationship or a curvilinear relationship were not found in either our univariate or multivariate analyses. Rather, the alcohol-blood pressure curves showed no consistent patterns of any kind in either sex. These findings do not support recent claims that alcohol consumption is a determinant of elevations in either SBP or DBP.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Three-dimensional composite of demineralized bone powder and collagen for in vitro analysis of chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts.

Implantation of demineralized bone powder (DBP) in muscle or connective tissue stimulates chondrogenesis followed by ectopic bone formation, in this way inducing the differentiation of endochondral bone. A new 3-dimensional in vitro composite sponge was designed to duplicate the packing density of in vivo DBP implants. The composite device, which consists of DBP packed between two layers of a porous collagen lattice, was used to assess the chondroblastic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts. Important design considerations for this device were biocompatibility, rigidity and ability of cells to penetrate. In this study, collagen concentration and source, irradiation, and lyophilization conditions were varied in fabrication. Human dermal fibroblasts were seeded onto the composite sponge, migrated through the collagen lattice into the packet of DBP, and deposited a metachromatic extracellular matrix amongst the particles of DBP. In contrast, cells cultured in collagen sponges or in composite sponges with inactivated guanidine-extracted DBP did not secrete metachromatic matrix. This new in vitro system will be valuable in defining the mechanism of differentiation by osteoinductive materials and in evaluating the influence of other extracellular components and soluble factors on skeletal differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of vitamin D-binding protein and vitamin D metabolite loss in children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

We measured the serum concentration of vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) in children with chronic renal failure (CRF). We also evaluated the relationships between the peritoneal loss of vitamin D metabolites, DBP and albumin in nine children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The serum levels of DBP in children with CRF were significantly higher than in normal children. The mean serum DBP level in CRF children undergoing CAPD was slightly lower than in CRF patients who were not on dialysis. In patients on CAPD, the peritoneal loss of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) showed a significant positive correlation with the DBP concentration in the dialysate (r = 0.855, P less than 0.005). In contrast, the peritoneal loss of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) showed a significant correlation with the loss of albumin in the dialysate (r = 0.779, P less than 0.01). The synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3 is reduced in advanced renal failure, and the peritoneal losses of the active vitamin D sterols in patients on CAPD may aggravate this deficiency. We recommend that supplementation of active form of vitamin D, such as 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3, is important in CAPD patients, particularly those with elevated peritoneal loss of DBP and/or albumin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Osteoinduction in rhesus monkeys using demineralized bone powder allografts.

This experiment tested the osteoinductivity of demineralized bone powder (DBP) in nonhuman primates. Six DBP implants were implanted subcutaneously close to the pectoralis major muscle in each of four rhesus monkeys. Excisional biopsies were obtained 20, 40, and 72 days after implantation and were processed for light and electron microscopy. Decalcified and undecalcified sections of the implants were studied. Large numbers of undifferentiated mesenchymal and fibroblast-like cells were observed around and within the DBP matrix particles on day 20. Cartilage formation was also evident at that time and had increased by day 40, when chondroid bone also appeared. By day 72, the implants showed mature (lamellar) and immature (woven and chondroid) bone and bone marrow formation. Areas of DBP that were incorporated within the induced bone contained empty lacunae and stained similarly to mineralized bone. It was concluded that allogenic DBP can induce bone formation in monkeys. The results justify the use of DBP as a bone-banked material to induce bone formation in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Accelerated endochondral osteoinduction in the absence of bone matrix particles in a rat model system.

Ethanol-precipitated proteins obtained from demineralized rat bone powder (DBP) by 4M guanidine-HCl extraction have been shown to reproducibly induce ectopic endochondral bone formation when subcutaneously implanted in rats in the absence of bone matrix particles. Histologic and biochemical analysis revealed a temporal sequence of chondrocyte differentiation, calcified cartilage formation, neovascularization, osteoblast differentiation, bone formation, osteoclastic bone remodeling, and hematopoietic marrow development that is complete by 21 days. In contrast to previous reports, these results clearly show an osteoinductive response independent of the presence of insoluble extracellular bone matrix. Compared with conventional DBP implants, the guanidine-extractable protein (GE) produces an accelerated and more robust osteoinductive response. Histologically, the initial chondrogenic response at days 6 to 9 is greatly amplified. Alkaline phosphatase specific activity peaks at day 9, several days earlier than for DBP, and is sixfold higher. Calcium accumulation in GE implants at day 12 is fivefold greater than with DBP, and all mineral is localized within the matrix of newly calcified cartilage and new bone. Osteoclasts are up to ninefold more abundant in the rapidly remodeling GE ossicle, making space for hematopoietic marrow. Delivery of GE coprecipitated with inert bone matrix particles was also more effective than DBP, although the response was somewhat attenuated compared with GE alone. Bony filling of 4-mm defects in rat mandibular rami was elicited by 10 mg of GE and followed an endochondral process with increased neovascularization compared with DBP and unimplanted controls. This guanidine-extractable protein fraction should prove useful for inducing quantities of chondrocytes and osteoclasts for in vitro study, and for analysis of osteoinductive requirements.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Formation of vitamin D-binding protein-actin and binary and ternary plasma gelsolin-actin complexes in human serum.

After the addition of actin to serum, the binding of actin to serum actin-binding proteins was analyzed by the method of immunoblotting using monospecific antibodies against vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) (group-specific component, Gc), human skeletal actin and human plasma gelsolin. When increasing amounts of globular actin were added to serum, actin bound to DBP preferentially. After exhausting DBP, actin began to bind to plasma gelsolin. When equally increasing amounts of filamentous actin were added to serum, actin was bound to both plasma gelsolin and DBP, and then uncomplexed DBP removed one actin molecule from gelsolin-actin 1:2 complex, resulting in a gelsolin-actin 1:1 complex. These results support the theory that the actin-depolymerizing activity of serum is due to the concerted role of plasma gelsolin and DBP.

Actins↗
PubMed1987

Role of stress in the exacerbation of chronic illness: effects of clonidine administration on blood pressure and plasma norepinephrine, cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin concentrations.

Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and plasma norepinephrine (NE), cortisol (CRT), growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) were studied before and after clonidine (2.5 micrograms/kg i.m.) administration in 193 chronic severely ill patients and 193 normal subjects matched by age and sex. During exacerbation periods (positive manifestations of impairment and progressive disease), the patients showed higher NE, CRT and DBP than the normals or when they were investigated during non-exacerbation periods (92 of the 193). Clonidine induced sharp, marked reductions of NE, CRT and DBP, plus a sudden increase of GH, in all the patients during exacerbation periods. Non-significant reductions of NE, CRT and DBP were observed in normals and in patients during non-exacerbation periods. On the other hand, the GH increase registered during exacerbation periods was of an order of magnitude higher than that registered in normals and in patients during non-exacerbation periods. Significant reduction of SBP was registered both in normals and patients (exacerbation and non-exacerbation periods). Some tendency to PRL lowering was observed during exacerbation periods only. A high positive correlation between NE and DBP (pre- and post-clonidine values) was obtained during exacerbation periods in patients, but not in normals or during non-exacerbation periods in the patients. Similarly, a close negative correlation was obtained between CRT and GH (postclonidine values) during exacerbation periods, but not in normals or during non-exacerbation periods. No significant correlation was found between NE and SBP in any group of subjects. The clonidine-induced changes in GH and CRT observed in the patients during exacerbation periods were in striking contrast to the absence of these changes in depressed patients. This finding is consistent with the low rate of depression (6.7%) registered among our patients during exacerbation periods. The high plasma NE and CRT levels registered in chronic severely ill patients during exacerbation periods reflect a central and peripheral sympathetic hyperactivity, accompanied by an overactivity of the pituitary--adrenocortical axis. The strong reduction of DBP, NE and CRT, along with the sharp and great increase of GH, might be useful as indicators in assessing the exacerbation and progression of severe chronic illnesses.

Arousal↗
PubMed1996

Sequence of the mouse adenovirus type-1 DNA encoding the 100-kDa, 33-kDa and DNA-binding proteins.

The genomic nucleotide sequence for the region of 66 to 77 map units (m.u.) of mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) was determined and predicted to encode proteins homologous to the human adenovirus (Ad) 100-kDa, 33kDa and DNA-binding proteins (DBP). The putative MAV-1 100-kDa protein has 65-70% amino-acid similarity to 100-kDa proteins from five different human Ad serotypes. The mRNA for the putative 33-kDa protein is internally spliced within the coding sequence, as are its human Ad counterparts [Oosterom-Dragon and Anderson, J. Virol 45 (1983) 251-263]. The N-terminal region of the putative MAV-1 33-kDa protein has 41-44% similarity to two human Ad 33-kDa N-termini, and the C-terminal regions are more conserved, with 60-65% similarity. The MAV-1 DBP is predicted to be encoded in this region and was compared to six different human Ad DBP N-and C-termini. The N-termini of the MAV-1 and Ad DBP were 33-48% similar and the C-termini were 56-60% similar. The MAV-1 DBP contains conserved regions (CR) 1,2 and 3, and it retains important residues for a putative zinc finger (Zf) motif identified in Ad DBP [Eagle and Klessig, Virology 187 (1992) 777-787]. Additional sequence features of these proteins have also been identified.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1996

Urinary albumin excretion--a predictor of risk of cardiovascular disease. A prospective 10-year follow-up of middle-aged nondiabetic normal and hypertensive men.

To study how the risk of cardiovascular disease changes with increasing levels of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), we prospectively studied a random sample of 120 49-year-old men with a wide range of blood pressures. Based on diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the subjects were divided into normotensives (DBP < 90 mm Hg; n = 21), borderline hypertensives (DBP 90 to 94 mm Hg; n = 30), mild hypertensives (DBP 95 to 104 mm Hg; n = 45) and moderate to severe hypertensives (DBP > 105 mm Hg; n = 24). None had been previously treated for hypertension or had secondary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or other cardiovascular diseases at baseline. Heart and kidney function and metabolic and hormonal variables were with beta-blockade, diuretics, or hydralazine. The cardiovascular morbidity during 10 years of follow-up was studied. The hypertensives were treated with beta-blockade, diuretics, or hydralazine. The cardiovascular morbidity during 10 years of follow-up was studied. The 19 subjects who developed cardiovascular disease had significantly higher baseline UAE than the group that did not (median value 16.6 mg/24 h; range 3.5 to 73, and 9.7 mg/24 h, range 0 to 308, respectively). UAE correlated to systolic blood pressure (P = .0115) and DBP (P = .031), but not to smoking behavior or serum cholesterol. The risk of cardiovascular disease was associated with UAE and smoking independently of blood pressure (P = .001 and P = .015, respectively), and the risk increased continuously with increasing UAE. The initial UAE thus emerged as an efficient and independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged hypertensive and normotensive men. UAE appeared to be a stronger predictor than blood pressure and serum cholesterol.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed2006

The relation of blood pressure to coronary heart mortality in different age groups varies by ethnicity.

BACKGROUND: The relative importance of pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) as predictors of coronary heart disease (CHD) have been shown to change with aging in individuals of white ethnicity, but few published data exist for those of African American ethnicity. METHODS: To assess the role of ethnicity in this relationship we compared the association of BP indices to CHD mortality (from a pooled database of eight prospective cohorts, n = 29829, follow-up 13.8 +/- 7.9 years, 1912 events) in the four age groups (30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, and > or = 60 years) by the decrease in the -2 log likelihood in Cox regression analyses of subjects who were not receiving antihypertensive drug therapy at baseline. RESULTS: All BP indices were significant (P < .05) for all age groups in models containing a single BP index. In white subjects, the best predictor of CHD mortality was DBP for persons 30 to 39 years of age, whereas SBP was the best predictor for persons 40 to 49, 50 to 59 and > or = 60 years of age. In African American subjects, SBP was the best predictor in all age groups. When considered jointly, DBP, but not SBP, was significantly associated with CHD mortality in white subjects 30 to 39 years of age. Only SBP was significant in white subjects 40 to 49, 50 to 59, and > or = 60 years of age. In African Americans, SBP, but not DBP, was associated with CHD mortality in all four age groups when both were in the model. CONCLUSION: In African American subjects, SBP was found to be a better predictor of CHD mortality than DBP or pulse pressure. In white subjects, there was a shift in importance from DBP to SBP as predictors of CHD mortality from the 30 to 39-year age group to the older groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Influence of polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase M1 on systolic blood pressure of normotensive individuals.

Studies have indicated that systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure are multi-factorial traits and significantly heritable. The aims of the present study are to assess whether the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) genotypes are associated with SBP and DBP of normotensive subjects and to ascertain whether the level of SBP and DBP given exposure to cigarette smoking is modified by the specific genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 subjects (49 females and 91 males) (mean age+/-SD: 38.7+/-14.7). The genotypes were determined using a polymerase chain reaction based method. Individuals were stratified according to the mean values of DBP and SBP, lower than or maximally same as the mean value defines as group I and higher than the mean value defines as group II. The logistic regression analyses were used. The best models fitted by logistic regression analysis for variables were associated with SBP and DBP. For analysis the combination of genotypes, sex, and smoking behavior was used as qualitative variables, and age, body mass index (BMI), and heart rate were used as covariates. Combination of "present-GSTT1, null-GSTM1" genotype (OR=0.001, 95% CI=0.00-0.439, P=0.025), heart rate (OR=1.065, 95% CI=1.018-1.114, P=0.006), and interaction between BMI and combination of "present-GSTT1, null-GSTM1" (OR=1.319, 95% CI=1.058-1.644, P=0.014) was associated with SBP. There was no association between either combination genotypes of GSTs or interaction of genotypes and smoking behavior on DBP. The present results suggest that the GSTM1 gene is one of the candidate genes that alter the baseline of SBP in normotensive individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Endothelial stress induces the release of vitamin D-binding protein, a novel growth factor.

Endothelial cells (EC) under stress release paracrine mediators that facilitate accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSCM) at sites of vascular injury. We found that medium conditioned by serum-starved EC increase proliferation and migration of VSCM in vitro. Fractionation of the conditioned medium followed by mass spectral analysis identified one bioactive component as vitamin D-binding protein (DBP). DBP induced both proliferation and migration of VSMC in vitro in association with increased phosphorylation of ERK 1/2. PD 98059, a biochemical inhibitor of ERK 1/2, abrogated these proliferative and migratory responses in VSMC. DBP is an important carrier for the vitamin-D sterols, 25-hydroxyvitamin-D, and 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D. Both sterols inhibited the activity of DBP on VSMC, suggesting that vitamin D binding sites are important for initiating the activities of DBP on VSMC. Release of DBP at sites of endothelial injury represents a novel pathway favoring accumulation of VSMC at sites of vascular injury.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Biological and clinical aspects of the vitamin D binding protein (Gc-globulin) and its polymorphism.

The vitamin D binding protein (DBP) is the major plasma carrier protein of vitamin D and its metabolites. Unlike other hydrophobic hormone-binding systems, it circulates in a considerably higher titer compared to its ligands. Apart from its specific sterol binding capacity, DBP exerts several other important biological functions such as actin scavenging, fatty acid transport, macrophage activation and chemotaxis. The DBP-gene is a member of a multigene cluster that includes albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, and alpha-albumin/afamin. All four genes are expressed predominantly in the liver with overlapping developmental profiles. DBP is a highly polymorphic serum protein with three common alleles (Gc1F, Gc1S and Gc2) and more than 120 rare variants. The presence of unique alleles is a useful tool for anthropological studies to discriminate and to reveal ancestral links between populations. Many studies have discussed the link between DBP-phenotypes and susceptibility or resistance to osteoporosis, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, diabetes, COPD, AIDS, multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis and rheumatic fever. This article reviews the general characteristics, functions and clinical aspects of DBP.

Disease↗
PubMed2006

Occurrence of phthalate esters in the environment of The Netherlands.

Overviews of levels of n-dibutylphthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) found in freshwater, marine water, sediment, and fish in the Netherlands are given. Sampling spanned a 9-month period (all seasons except winter) and allowed assessing whether phthalate levels are season dependent. Results obtained are compared to data reported for other Western European countries and a fugacity-based modeling approach is used to assess whether there is equilibrium among the various compartments. Highest levels of dissolved DBP and DEHP were found in freshwater samples, whereas these compounds were usually below the limit of detection (LOD) in marine water and sediment. Median levels were log-normally distributed; statistical analysis showed that sampling season is not a relevant determinant parameter. Similar results were obtained for the freshwater sediment compartment, with DEHP levels exceeding concentrations of DBP. DBP levels in fish were often below the LOD. Nevertheless, mean values around 1.8 microg kg(-1) wet fish were found for both DEHP and DBP. Fugacity calculations revealed that especially for DEHP there is no equilibrium among the compartments. DEHP emissions are directed to water, whereas the calculations reveal that sediments provide a sink for DEHP and there is net transport to air. Although it has been suggested that water is the primary compartment for DBP, fugacity plots suggest that air is the compartment to which emissions are directed dominantly. The data reported are in line with values found in Western Europe.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Identification of cis and trans-acting transcriptional regulators in chondroinduced fibroblasts from the pre-phenotypic gene expression profile.

Cell differentiation is regulated via expression of successive sets of genes. In an in vitro model of chondrocyte differentiation, human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) cultured in collagen sponges are induced to express cartilage matrix genes after 7 days' culture with demineralized bone powder (DBP). A shift in expression of many other genes occurs within 3 days, before chondroblast phenotypic genes are detectable. In this study, the pre-chondrogenic gene expression profile was used as a starting point to derive information on transcriptional regulation of chondrocyte differentiation induced by DBP. Putative cis regulatory elements were identified by comparing promoter regions from three genes that are highly upregulated in chondroinduced hDFs (BIGH3, COL1A2, and FN1) [Zhou, S., Glowacki, J., Yates, K.E, 2004. Comparison of TGF-beta/BMP pathways signaled by demineralized bone powder and BMP-2 in human dermal fibroblasts. J. Bone Min. Res. 19, 1732-1741] and whose products are known to interact in the matrix [Kim, J.E., et al., 2002. Molecular properties of wild-type and mutant betaIG-H3 proteins. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 43, 656-661]. The effect of DBP on nuclear protein binding to cis elements was measured with an array-based assay. Nuclear extracts from hDFs cultured in DBP/collagen sponges for 3 days showed increased binding to several cis elements belonging to the families that were identified by promoter analysis. Of note, those elements represented targets of both signal-activated and developmentally regulated transcription factors. Direct measurement of mRNAs showed increased gene expression of both types of transcription factors in chondroinduced hDFs, including NFKB2 (290% of control), RELA (160%), and GATA2 (190%). Moreover, DBP increased gene expression of chondrogenic transcription factors SOX9 (160% of control) and RUNX2 (180%). Immunoblot analysis showed that DBP increased both expression (200% of control) and phosphorylation (300%) of the Creb protein, a transcription factor that is downstream of several signal transduction pathways. Inhibition of protein kinase A, protein kinase C, or MAP kinase in hDFs cultured in DBP/collagen sponges reduced induction of BIGH3 to approximately 50% of control. These results suggest that both signal-activated and developmentally controlled transcriptional mechanisms contribute to chondroinduction of hDFs by DBP.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed2004

Gender may affect the hemodynamic response to induction and intubation in young adults.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether gender affects the hemodynamic response to anesthesia induction and intubation in young adults. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: 83 healthy patients, aged 20 to 30 years, scheduled for orthopedic, plastic, and general surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups: Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 1.5 microg/kg and thiopental 3 mg/kg in Group 1 (n = 28, men) and Group 2 (n = 28, women), or fentanyl 1.5 microg/kg and thiopental 2 mg/kg in Group 3 (n= 27, women) and maintained with enflurane 1% in N2O-O2 throughout the observational period. Three minutes after induction, direct laryngoscopy and intubation were performed. MEASUREMENTS: Noninvasive systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, and heart rate (HR) were recorded before induction (baseline), immediately before intubation, immediately after intubation, and then every 1 minute for 5 minutes after intubation. RESULTS: SBP, DBP, and HR did not differ between men and women at baseline. However, SBP and DBP were lower in women than in men (p < 0.05) and immediately before intubation and at overall time points after intubation. There were no significant differences noted in SBP, DBP, and HR between Groups 2 and 3. When compared with baseline values, SBP and DBP were decreased in women, whereas only DBP was decreased in men immediately before intubation (p < 0.05). The increase in SBP was more prolonged in men after intubation. CONCLUSIONS: Pressor response is different in women than men, suggesting the difference of the response might result from the gender differences.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal toxicity induced by folic acid is associated with the enhancement of male reproductive toxicity of di(n-butyl)phthalate in rats.

Reproductive effects have been observed in experimental animals treated with di(n-butyl)phthalate (DBP), one of phthalate esters used in soft plastics and a variety of consumer products. In this study, we investigated whether testicular toxicity of DBP is influenced by diminished renal function. To generate an experimental condition reflecting chronic renal disease in man, adult male F344 rats were given five consecutive weekly subcutaneous injections of folic acid at a dose of 300 mg/kg and then a diet containing 1200, 5000, and 20,000 ppm of DBP for 4 weeks. These concentrations roughly correspond to 60, 250, and 1000 mg/kg per day per rat, respectively. Folic acid clearly induced interstitial nephritis accompanied by impairment of renal function. Seminiferous degeneration, diminished spermatogenesis and increase in the number of morphologically abnormal sperm were more prominent in rats given folic acid and then 20,000 ppm DBP as compared to those exposed to DBP alone. These data suggest that DBP-induced male reproductive toxicity can be increased by folic acid-induced renal dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Blood pressure control by antihypertensive agents in people older than 60].

PURPOSE: The prevalence or hypertension increases with aging, reaching more than 50% in people aged 60 years and older. The increase of systolic blood pressure is a major risk of cardiovascular event. METHODS: With the aim of assessing risk factors in old people "in apparent good health", we analysed blood pressure and treatments in people aged 60 years and older who had a periodic check-up that was adapted to older people. RESULTS: This check-up concerned, between April and December 2003, 1638 people with a mean age of 68 years (SD 5.7): 815 men and 823 women. Fourty percent had a systolic blood pressure (SBP) >or=140 mmHg (44% of men, 36% of women); 6% (8% of men, 4% of women) had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >or=90 mmHg. A treatment for hypertension was followed by 473 people: 31% of men and 26% of women. Fifty percent were controlled for the SBP and the DBP. Fourty-two percent were not controlled for the SBP, but were controlled for the DBP. Seven percent were not controlled for the SBP nor the DBP. Only 3 subjects (<1%) were not controlled for the DBP, whereas they were controlled for SBP. CONCLUSION: These results, combined with data of literature on the predominant role of SBP in cardio-vascular risk, as compared with DBP, underline the need for a better treatment of systolic hypertension in older people.

Age Factors↗