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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Diaphragm acceptability among young women at risk for HIV.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of acceptability of the diaphragm among young women at risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the U.S. METHODS: A total of 140 young (aged 18-25 years) women who had never used the diaphragm and who were at risk for HIV and other STIs completed questionnaires that included questions about the diaphragm and other sexual and reproductive health topics. These women were participants in a focus group study. RESULTS: The majority of participants perceived that the diaphragm had several characteristics (e.g., is a method they can control, is effective in preventing pregnancy, will not cause side effects, does not decrease sexual pleasure) considered important when selecting a birth control method. However, most were not confident in various aspects of diaphragm use, including their ability to use the method correctly, without breaking the mood, or when sexually excited. In multivariate analyses, intention to use the diaphragm was significantly higher among participants who were less motivated to avoid pregnancy and those with greater perceived self-efficacy to use a diaphragm in different contexts (e.g., when sexually excited). CONCLUSION: The diaphragm has characteristics that some women consider desirable, suggesting that it could be an acceptable HIV prevention method for some at-risk women.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Socio-economic status and use of contraceptives among unmarried primigravidas in Cape Town.

Unmarried primigravidas were interviewed with regard to their socio-economic status and knowledge and use of contraceptives. The majority were teenagers and were socio-economically ill-equipped to raise a child, although families were generally supportive. They were ignorant of the relationship between sexual intercourse, pregnancy and contraception. Family-planning advice was generally not available to these women. Methods for improving education in contraception and the advantages of the condom as a method of contraception for unmarried couples are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Recent results regarding indications for the "morning after pill"].

Results of interrogating 150 women who visited our department because of postcoital contraception are demonstrated. 80% did actually use one method of contraception. The rate of "condom accidents" was 70 per cent. Only 21 per cent did not use any method of contraception. Taking the facts of sexual habits into consideration we can conclude that women who wish to take the "morning after pill" have a more active sexual life. The intention to prevent an unwanted pregnancy through this postcoital method of contraception indicates a more responsible attitude towards sexuality. The popularity of this method may be increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Coital behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge of students who experience early coitus.

The purpose of this study was to investigate coital behavior, contraceptive practices, and attitudinal and knowledge differences between "early coital initiators" (subjects having initial coitus at 16 years or younger) and "late coital initiators" (subjects having initial coitus from 17 to 20 years of age). Data were compiled from the results of a questionnaire administered to 929 students enrolled in personal health courses at 14 colleges and universities. The sample used for analysis included only the never-married coitally experienced males and females aged 20 and older (N = 396). The results suggested that late coital initiators: were more effective contraceptors during initial coitus; had more committed relationships with their initial sex partners; engaged in more discussion about and planning for contraceptive use; and used more authoritative and reliable sources for contraceptive information than their younger counterparts. Both groups scored very low on basic knowledge questions concerning fertility, contraception, and sexually transmitted diseases. These results mandate greater public concern and involvement to delay early coital experiences and prevent unprotected sexual intercourse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

A qualitative study of pharmacists' perspectives on the supply of emergency hormonal contraception via patient group direction in the UK.

AIM: To investigate pharmacists' views and experiences of supplying emergency hormonal contraception (EHC) via a group prescribing protocol in community pharmacies in the UK. DESIGN: Qualitative study using depth interviews. SETTING: Community pharmacists in Manchester, Salford and Trafford (Greater Manchester), and Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham (London) Health Action Zones in the UK. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-four community pharmacists supplying EHC in Manchester, Salford and Trafford, and Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham (London). RESULTS: Pharmacists were broadly very positive about their experiences supplying EHC via the group prescribing protocol. Pharmacists identified many benefits of the EHC schemes for clients, in particular, improved access to EHC at no cost to clients. The confidential nature of the scheme was also seen as an advantage as was the scope for referral to other service providers. Pharmacists also believed that the scheme had benefits for the profession in terms of enhanced professional standing. However, their concerns included the extent of repeated use of EHC, the possible impact on contraceptive behaviors and sexually transmitted infections and its impact on male coercive sexual behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Although pharmacy supply of EHC may improve access for some clients and is perceived as a popular service, research into the implications of the schemes as identified in this study need to be conducted.

Anecdotes as Topic↗
PubMed2002

Emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) and sexual risk behaviour.

The study describes a cross-section of women using the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP), with regard to demographics, ECP use, sexual health, sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV risk perception and attitudes to condom use. All women attending a London hospital for the ECP over a four-month period were invited to complete a 30-item questionnaire anonymously. Of the 150 women attending, 88 (59%) took part. Over 60% needed the ECP because of unprotected sexual intercourse (UPSI). A third had had UPSI in the previous three months, 70% had used ECP previously. The vast majority (>95%) did not think they were at high risk of STIs or HIV infection, and though the most likely explanations for UPSI were that it is more enjoyable and that people get 'carried away'. There are concerns that women are using the ECP as a form of contraception and are putting themselves at risk of STIs and HIV infection. Information regarding risk behaviour needs to be routinely given with the ECP in order to avoid further large increases in infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Emergency contraception: Who are the users?

CONTEXT: Data collected from two community family planning services are used to discuss the characteristics of users of emergency contraception (EC). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of women attending for emergency contraception. DESIGN: A descriptive survey design was used to collect data. Questionnaires were completed over a 4-week period. Data were analysed using SPSS. SETTING: Community family planning services in South West Surrey and Newham, East London. PARTICIPANTS: Consenting women aged 14-44 years attending for emergency contraception (n = 171). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Description of the users, the current episode and contact with contraceptive services were analysed by age. RESULTS: The age range was 14-37 years (mean 20.2 years). A majority were smokers. Of the women, 97.7% attended the clinic within the 72-hour time frame for issuing oral EC, however only 4% came within 12 hours of intercourse; 55% said that they had used contraception. Condom breakage was the commonest reason for failure. Reasons for not using contraception included getting 'carried away' (35%), not having condoms available (22%) and having drunk alcohol (13%). Of the sample 55.6% were previous users of EC. DISCUSSION: The study demonstrates a high incidence of sexual risk taking and need for EC, especially amongst smokers and drinkers. The message that soonest is best still requires promotion. Providers of EC must co-ordinate their services to ensure access within the 12-hour time frame in a local area. CONCLUSION: Health professionals need to ensure that clients have appropriate information about EC and regular contraceptive methods and that user friendly provision is widely available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Contraceptive risk and compensatory behaviour in young people in education post-16 years: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To describe contraceptive risk and compensatory behaviour, using condoms or emergency contraception (EC), in young people in education aged 16-24 years. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: A total of 1135 students aged 16-24 years. SETTING: Educational establishments in and around London, UK. RESULTS: Seventy-six percent of women and 55% of men reported having experienced sex either without contraception or when a condom split or came off. Most participants (or their sexual partners) who reported such risks had compensated by using EC at least once (72% women, 55% men) but only a minority had compensated on each occasion of risk (37% women and 22% men). Of the oral contraceptives users the majority (83%) had experienced a pill 'problem' and the majority of these participants had compensated for such problems by using condoms (79%). Fewer than half of the women who experienced pill problems (45%) compensated by using condoms on each occasion. Less than a quarter (23%) of those who experienced pill problems but did not compensate by using condoms ever compensated by using EC. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates high levels of primary contraceptive risk and low levels of consistent compensatory condom or EC use. The findings suggest that there would be large increases in EC use and repeated use if all primary contraceptive risks were followed by compensatory action. Interventions to increase contraceptive use should focus not only on initiation of contraception use but acknowledge that risks do happen and promote both continuing use and compensatory behaviour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Body image of and contraceptive use by college females.

83 sexually active college females completed a body-image scale and were classified on the basis of type of contraceptive used and consistency of contraceptive use. Stepwise discriminant analysis identified sets of body-image items which significantly discriminated among the three groups of contraceptive types and four groups of contraceptive consistency.

Body Image↗
PubMed1980

How do we decide?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Behavior↗
PubMed2003

[Oral contraceptive practices among female medical students of the University of Warsaw].

DESIGN: Apparently no researches have been conducted regarding oral contraceptive usage among female medical students in Poland. In the last ten years, all over the world, only five publications have dealt with this topic. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the research reported in this article was to establish the types, choices and frequency of usage of oral contraceptive pills among female medical students of the University of Warsaw. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 634 female students responded to a specially designed questionnaire. RESULTS: Data collected indicated that, 52.2% of the students have been involved in sexual intercourse. 167 of them used Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCP). Two third survey participants used OCP following a doctors recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: 1.30.5% of the sexually active students used OCP. 2.31.9% of this group of students believed the use of OCP was the most effective of all the contraceptive methods. 3.65.0% of the respondents used OCP following a doctors recommendations. 22.7% of the survey participants used OCP in order to regulate their menstrual cycles. 4. The respondents who reported customary use of OCP cited the most frequently used OCP as: Cilest-28.0%, Mercilon-19.2% and Minulet-13.2%.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[AIDS and contraception--increased use of condoms at the time of first intercourse among Norwegian adolescents].

This paper describes use of contraception at first intercourse among Norwegian adolescents and sheds some light upon whether the HIV-epidemic has influenced the use of contraception. The data stem from a population-based survey of 3,000 17-, 18- and 19-year-olds. The response rate was 60.9%. A total of 1,172 persons had experienced intercourse and constitute the material. A total of 42.2% reported having used a condom, 8.5% the p-pill, 17.6% practiced withdrawal, and 31.0% did not use any contraception at their first experience of intercourse. Use/non-use of contraception was associated with educational aspirations, age at first intercourse and consumption of alcohol. Condom use was associated with age, educational aspirations, parental education, consumption of alcohol and discussing contraception with parents and peers. The higher proportion of condom use at first intercourse among the 17-year-olds (47.5%) as compared with the 19-year-olds (34.3%) can probably be ascribed to the HIV-epidemic.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗