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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Color vision in epileptic adolescents treated with valproate and carbamazepine.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of our study were to evaluate whether deficits in color vision exist in epileptic adolescents, to study if monotherapy with valproic acid (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ) can affect color vision, and to determine the possible relationship between abnormal color vision tests and AEDs dosage and their serum concentrations. PATIENTS: We examined 45 epileptic patients before the beginning of therapy and after 1 year of VPA or CBZ monotherapy and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. METHODS: Color vision was evaluated with Farnsworth Munsell 100 (FM100) hue test and achromatic and short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: To evaluate intergroup differences we used ANOVA with Scheffe's post hoc test, when appropriate. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate the intragroup modifications of total error score (TES) and perimetric threshold during the follow-up. Pearson's correlation test was performed to correlate chromatic sense and perimetric data and AEDs dosage and serum concentrations. RESULTS: Before the beginning of therapy, there were no differences in central color vision and SWAP between controls and epileptic patients. After 1 year, patients treated with VPA or CBZ showed a deficit in FM100 hue test and SWAP parameters while no significant deficit was found in achromatic perimetry. In particular, with the FM100 hue test a higher number of errors was found in both groups of patients (CBZ patients: 166.00 +/- 27.72 TES; VPA patients: 151.19 +/- 44.09, P < 0.001) in comparison with controls (controls: 109.29 +/- 24.73) and baseline values (CBZ patients: 110.65 +/- 22.9; VPA patients 107.43 +/- 21.70). With SWAP patients of both groups showed significant variation of foveal threshold (controls: 21.07 +/- 2.01 dB; CBZ patients: 19.35 +/- 1.32, P < 0.001; VPA patients: 18.88 +/- 1.89, P < 0.001), full-field mean threshold perimetric sensitivity (controls: 18.50 +/- 1.24 dB; CBZ patients: 16.60 +/- 1.47, P < 0.001; VPA patients: 16.23 +/- 1.55, P < 0.001) and mean threshold perimetric sensitivity of the three evaluated subareas of the visual field (area 1 controls: 21.01 +/- 1.15; CBZ patients: 19.45 +/- 1.74, P = 0.001; VPA patients: 18.25 +/- 1.61, P < 0.001; area 2 controls: 18.40 +/- 1.43; CBZ patients: 16.07 +/- 1.58, P +/- 0.001; VPA patients: 16.13 +/- 1.46, P = 0.001; area 3 controls: 17.20 +/- 1.49; CBZ patients: 14.28 +/- 1.51, P < 0.001; VPA patients: 14.31 +/- 2.90, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that treatment with VPA or CBZ can affect significantly both central and paracentral color vision after a short treatment period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Role of Doppler color ultrasonography and of flowmetric analysis in the diagnosis and follow-up of Grave's disease].

Hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease is caused by the presence of circulating autoantibodies to the THS receptors on the thyroid cells. Thyroid-suppression therapy prevents hormone production directly, without affecting the pathogenetic process. We performed color Doppler US of the thyroid gland and pulsed Doppler analysis of thyroid artery flow in 21 patients with Graves' disease before and during medical treatment. US results were compared with those of a control group of 40 healthy subjects and correlated with the values of thyroid hormones, TSH, and thyroid microsomal and thyroglobulin antibodies. The thyroid gland was hypovascularized in the control group. Pulsed Doppler examination of the thyroid arteries exhibited peak systolic velocity of PSV 20 +/- 4 cm/s, diastolic velocity of 8 +/- 1 cm/s, and resistive index of 0.60 +/- 0.04. The thyroid gland of Graves' disease patients was hypervascularized. Pulsed Doppler examination of the thyroid arteries exhibited peak systolic velocity (PSV = 51 +/- 12 cm/s), end diastolic velocity (VD = 15 +/- 4 cm/s), and resistive index (RI = 0.71 +/- 0.04) significantly higher than in normal subjects (p < 0.001). Circulating thyroid hormones and flow parameters normalized after 6-8 months of medical therapy (PSV = 20 +/- 6 cm/s, VD = 9 +/- 3 cm/s, RI = 0.58 +/- 0.07). Conversely, the color Doppler patterns normalized only in a patient with normal TSH and antibodies. Sampling of the thyroid arteries proved more repeatable than sampling of parenchymal vessels.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1991

Behavioral effects of chronic, orally administered diuretic and verapamil in baboons.

Behavioral performances of six baboons were tested during chronic oral dosing with diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene), a calcium channel blocker (verapamil), and a combination of the two drugs. Reaction times and color matching-to-sample performances as well as physiological measures were obtained in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt baboons and in renovascular hypertensive baboons. Combined diuretic and verapamil impaired color matching to a small degree in comparison to baseline performance, while drug administered alone had no effect. Weekly systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased maximally from baseline during the drug combination period, and were accompanied by maximal increases in serum sodium. The largest behavioral impairments during combination dosing were observed for colors that were most difficult to discriminate during baseline. Significant positive correlations were found between systolic blood pressure and color matching accuracy. No differences between the animal hypertension groups were found as a function of drug condition either in physiological or behavioral responses. Only the combination of diuretic and verapamil produced a deleterious effect on color discrimination, which suggests further study of commonly administered drug combination therapies in hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Echo Doppler evaluation of patients with acute mitral regurgitation: superiority of transesophageal echocardiography with color flow imaging.

Acute mitral regurgitation is a medical emergency that requires prompt, accurate diagnosis and urgent therapy. Although the use of echo Doppler imaging has been described in these patients, preliminary observations have suggested that color flow Doppler performed from the standard transthoracic windows may underestimate the severity of mitral insufficiency in this setting. The aim of this study was to compare transesophageal color Doppler quantitation of regurgitation with results obtained from standard transthoracic windows in patients with acute, severe mitral regurgitation. Two-dimensional echocardiography with pulsed, continuous, and color flow Doppler was performed by both transthoracic and transesophageal methods in 16 consecutive patients who were documented to have acute severe mitral insufficiency by catheterization. Transthoracic and transesophageal scans were reviewed by two blinded observers and assessed for the detection of mitral regurgitation by transthoracic pulsed wave (81%), continuous wave (100%), and color flow Doppler (81%) compared with transesophageal color flow imaging (100%; p = NS). Severity of mitral regurgitation was graded as none, mild, moderate, or severe on the basis of existing transthoracic pulsed wave and color flow criteria and compared with transesophageal color flow grading. At first examination patients were critically ill, with elevated pulmonary wedge pressures (mean 27 +/- 7 mm Hg) and V waves (mean 45 +/- 10 mm Hg). Fifteen of the patients underwent emergency surgery, and the overall hospital mortality rate was 12%. Maximal color flow jet areas were significantly greater on transesophageal scanning (mean 10.5 cm2) compared with transthoracic color jets (mean 2.3 cm2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Clinical applications of the organic dye laser.

Clinical research utilizing the yellow, orange and red wavelengths of the dye laser (Rhodamine 6G and MD-631) indicates that the liquid organic dye laser may have considerable applications in ocular photodynamic and photocoagulation therapy. The effectiveness of the dye laser as a photodynamic (photoradiation) and photocoagulation source is due to the large numbers of wavelengths of relatively high output power that can be produced in the visible spectrum. Therefore, a target tissue can be selectively destroyed with minimal laser energy necessarily transmitted through the refractive media. The dye laser, as a photoradiation or photocoagulation system, should prove valuable in the therapy of ocular disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Assessment of vision disorders using color duplex ultrasonography].

Disturbed circulation is a common cause of visual impairment which time course and severity can vary. Prompt diagnosis and therapy are mandatory to restore visual function in cases of acute drop of vision. Color Doppler imaging is a noninvasive method to investigate blood-flow velocity. During the past years this method has been introduced into ophthalmology. For the first time it is possible to measure the blood-flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery, the central retinal artery and vein as well as the ciliary arteries to quantify the extent of impaired ocular circulation.

Glaucoma↗
PubMed1985

Argon laser therapy of port-wine stains: effects and limitations.

One hundred and one patients (112 parts) with port-wine stains were treated by argon laser therapy. We strictly evaluated all patients according to color shift, scar formation, and pigmentation. We observed good to excellent results in 44 percent of patients, and less satisfactory results in 56 percent. The relationship between the effects of treatment and several factors, such as patients' age, anatomic site, and histologic type of the lesions, were investigated. More satisfactory results tended to be obtained in patients with neck lesions and with histologic type III lesions (dilated type). To date we have not discerned any definite criteria for precisely predicting the response of port-wine stains to argon laser therapy. Consequently, the performance of a test seems to us to be the best way of discovering the response and course of healing of an individual port-wine stain after laser therapy. Thirty-six consecutive patients were studied to determine whether compression and cooling would improve the outcome of argon laser therapy. The use of this method did not produce any noticeable effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on ophthalmic artery blood velocity in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

To assess the relationship between blood flow and the complications of diabetes mellitus, we investigated the changes in the velocity of blood flow in the ophthalmic artery before and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO), one of the treatments for diabetic neuropathy. Color Doppler imaging was used before and after HBO. Seven diabetic neuropathy patients, 3 diabetics without neuropathy, and 7 normal, control subjects were enrolled. The patients were subjected to breathing 100% oxygen at 2.0 atmosphere absolute (ATA) for 1 hour. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy resulted in an average decrease in blood velocity by 15.0 +/- 9.0% (mean +/- SD) in normal subjects and 10.7 +/- 8.6% in diabetics without neuropathy. Blood velocity returned to the baseline level 4 hours after discontinuation of HBO. In contrast, blood velocity increased by 20.6 +/- 9.5% in diabetic patients with neuropathy irregardless of the severity of the diabetic retinopathy. The resistance index of the ophthalmic artery was not changed during HBO in the group with diabetic neuropathy, indicating that other mechanisms may be implicated, leading to the compensatory changes of blood flow. These results suggest that the increase in the blood velocity in the ophthalmic artery after HBO in diabetic neuropathy patients could be attributed to an imbalance in autonomic nervous function.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1985

Histologic comparison of argon and tunable dye lasers in the treatment of tattoos.

Cosmetic benefit from laser therapy of tattoos may simply be the result of thermal injury and host reparative response which remove pigment by a "slough and bury" mechanism. Tattoo pigment of 4 colors (black, white, red, and blue) was introduced into the skin of guinea pigs and studied histologically at 48 h, 7 days, 4 and 6 weeks, and 3 months. Tattoos of each color were treated with argon laser (488 and 514 nm) and tunable dye laser at 3 different wavelengths (505, 577, and 690 nm). Treated tattoos were biopsied immediately and at 48 h, 7 days, and 3 months. Selective laser absorption by the tattoo pigment was suggested by pigment-related differences in threshold doses for histologic damage. Clinical clearing of tattoo pigment correlated well with the extent of immediate epidermal and dermal necrosis and was as well associated histologically with the deposition of parallel bands of collagen fibers (i.e., scar) between the residual pigment and the overlying epidermis. "Lightening" of tattoos probably depends more on widespread necrosis, subsequent tissue sloughing, and resultant dermal fibrosis than on specific changes in tattoo pigment chemistry, morphology, physical properties, or handling by macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Portal anticoagulation in preventing thrombosis after porta-azygous devascularization for portal hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevention method for thrombosis after porta-azygous devascularization for portal hypertension. METHODS: 71 patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis were divided into group A (36 patients) and group B (35 patients). In group A, a anticoagulation tube was inserted via splenic vein branch during shunt and anticoagulation therapy was given after operation. RESULTS: All the patients received color Doppler examination 3 months after operation. No thrombosis occurred in the group A and thrombosis occurred in 13 patients (37.14%) in the group B. CONCLUSION: Portal anticoagulation therapy is the effective in preventing portal thrombosis after porta-azygous devascularization for portal hypertension.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[The long-term observation of alveolar bone blood flow during tooth movement with the aid of skeletal scintigraphy in an animal model].

We observed in eleven dogs the blood flow in the alveolar bone during the tooth movement with the bone scintigraphy for one year. Additional we used for histological evaluation polychrome sequence marking and for improving of therapy electrostimulation. There is a correlation between tooth movement and blood flow. Four to six weeks after beginning tooth movement and blood circulation are reduced although the applied force was continuous all the time. This is an advice for stress interruption during treatment. Electrostimulation improves the conditions for tissue regeneration because the lifetime of osteoblasts is prolonged.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗