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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. The Expert Panel.

This report of an expert panel of the National Cholesterol Education Program provides new guidelines for the treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults 20 years of age and over. Total cholesterol levels are classified as follows: less than 200 mg/dL--"desirable blood cholesterol"; 200 to 239 mg/dL--borderline-high blood cholesterol; greater than or equal to 240 mg/dL--high blood cholesterol. The guidelines detail which patients should go on to have lipoprotein analysis, and which should receive cholesterol-lowering treatment on the basis of their low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels and status with respect to other coronary heart disease risk factors. Dietary therapy is the primary cholesterol-lowering treatment. The report specifies the LDL-cholesterol levels at which dietary therapy should be started and the goals of therapy, and provides detailed guidance on the nature of the recommended dietary changes. If, after six months of intensive dietary therapy, LDL-cholesterol exceeds specified levels, drug treatment should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Safety and efficacy of long-term diet and diet plus bile acid-binding resin cholesterol-lowering therapy in 73 children heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolemia.

Our specific aim was to examine the efficacy and safety of long-term cholesterol-lowering diet and bile acid-binding resin therapy in 73 children heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We prospectively followed accretion of height and weight in 40 FH children for 5.8 years on diet alone and in 33 FH children for 4.3 years on diet and bile acid-binding resins (8 to 20 g/d). In 67 of these 73 children, sequential data on plasma cholesterol lowering was obtained, including 32 children on diet plus bile acid-binding resins and 35 on diet alone. For all 73 children, median age, sex, and race-specific percentiles for height and weight at entry were 50 and 50, respectively, and 5.7 years later, were unchanged at 50 and 50. Initial and final percentiles for height (r = .76, P less than .001) and weight (r = .70, P less than .001) were closely correlated. Percentile distributions for height and weight at entry into the study did not differ from those at the end of follow-up (P greater than .1), in both the 40 FH children on diet alone and the 33 on diet plus bile acid-binding resins. Tracking of height and weight did not differ in the 40 children on diet alone v the 33 on diet plus bile acid-binding resins (P greater than .1). During 6 years of follow-up there were no significant differences in the percentage of serial, postbaseline measurements for height which were either less than or greater than or equal to baseline percentiles, comparing 40 FH children on diet alone, 33 FH children on diet plus resin, and 39 normal children (on ad libitum diet). FH children on diet or plus resin had a smaller percentage of weight measurements equal to or more than baseline percentiles than normals on follow-up (P less than .01), probably reflecting restriction of total fat intake to less than 35% of calories. On diet alone, 32 FH children had total plasma cholesterol of 307 +/- 8 mg/dL (mean +/- SE); bile acid-binding resins were added to diet in these children at an average age of 11.5 years, with this regimen maintained for 4.6 +/- 0.4 years, leading to a mean reduction in total plasma cholesterol of 12.5% +/- 2% beyond the effects of diet alone (P less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Lipid-lowering drugs.

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Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Antilipemic agents available after the ban on clofibrate: clinical-pharmacological view].

Among the various available hypolipidemic agents only clofibrate-related substances, d-thyroxine and nicotinic acid are capable of lowering serum lipid values together with a relative or absolute rise of HDL. By that means one atherogenic risk factor is eliminated and compensated by an anti-risk factor. There are differences concerning the incidence and the seriousness of side-effects between the recommended hypolipidemic agents. Considering actual conditions attempts to find further factors that are associated with HDL level are the natural next step in efforts to develop effective lipid lowering drugs that decrease atherogenic lipoproteins, particularly LDL, and increase vasoprotective HDL.

Cholestyramine Resin↗
PubMed1977

[Modification-possibility of the enterohepatic circulation of digitoxin in man].

Tritiated digitoxin (0.25 mg) was i.v. administered to a control group of 5 patients as well as to 5 patients with a T-tube quantitatively draining the bile fluid. During the initial 24 h after injection, 10% of the dose administered, on the second and third days 5 and 3,5%, respectively, were biliarily excreted. The amount biliarily excreted did not influence the course of the blood level as compared to the controls. Also charcoal given perorally in a sufficient amount (50 g) did not affect the blood level of radioactive digitoxin and/or its metabolites. As obtained from in vitro experiments the absorptive potency of cholestipole and cholestyramine for digitoxin and its metabolites in human bile fluid is similar to that of charcoal.

Cholestyramine Resin↗
PubMed1978

Hypolipidemic drugs.

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Cholestyramine Resin↗
PubMed1983

Mevinolin stimulates receptor-mediated clearance of low density lipoprotein from plasma in familial hypercholesterolemia heterozygotes.

The current results show that one can exploit the normal regulation of receptor synthesis to stimulate the single normal gene in FH heterozygotes to produce an increased number of LDL receptors. This stimulation can be achieved by drugs that inhibit HMG CoA reductase in the liver and by maneuvers that cause bile acid depletion. These two therapeutic approaches are most effective when they are combined. It seems reasonable to speculate that such a profound lowering of plasma cholesterol levels will minimize the development of atherosclerosis in FH heterozygotes. In a broader sense, the success of this regulatory manipulation raises the possibility that other genetic diseases may be treated through manipulation of regulatory signals that control the rates of synthesis of gene products.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Lipid lowering treatment and regression of arteriosclerosis (author's transl)].

The pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis is unknown. As etiological factors which are associated with early development of arteriosclerosis hyperlipemia, cigarette smoking and hypertension are undisputed. More recently studies which show substantial pointers to regression of arteriosclerosis have become more numerous. It has been demonstrated by animal experiments that arteriosclerotic changes can be induced by a diet rich in cholesterol and furthermore can be brought to remission by low fat feeding and/or lipid lowering substances. Indirect pointers to regression, slower or no progressiveness of arteriosclerosis in man have been provided by autopsy findings and epidemiological studies. It has also been recorded angiographically that arteriosclerotic changes can be made to regress by a lipid lowering treatment.

Animals↗