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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Patterns of high-speed impact injuries in motor vehicle occupants.

Trauma from high-speed motor vehicle accidents is a leading cause of death and disability. Most of these injuries could be prevented if the driver and occupants of motor vehicles wore seatbelts or used other restraining devices. The injuries produced when an unrestrained occupant of a motor vehicle is ejected from that vehicle or impacts on a hostile surface at high speed occur in a reproducible pattern. The types of injuries sustained by drivers and front seat passengers are different and specific enough to allow one to identify drivers and passengers with confidence. Because of severe life-threatening injuries to the central nervous system, and thoracic and abdominal viscera, other serious injuries may be overlooked. Knowledge of the mechanism of injury and the role of the victim (i.e., driver or passenger) should lead to the prompt radiographic evaluation of all areas at risk. Our findings are based on a study of 250 drivers and 250 front seat passengers involved in motor vehicle accidents. We found distinct common injury patterns and radiographic findings in drivers and front seat passengers.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1993

Medically related motor vehicle injury costs by body region and severity.

For motor vehicle crashes, we estimated the medically related costs of nonfatal injury by body region and severity. Our primary data sources were paid charges reported in the Detailed Claims Information data base of the National Council on Compensation Insurance and injury incidence and severity reported in the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's National Accident Sampling System (NASS). Brain and lower extremity injuries account for the largest portion of medical costs. Spinal cord and severe brain injuries cost more per case. Our average costs per case are very close to those in a report to Congress but come from completely different data sources. Thus, national data bases are providing consistent medical cost estimates.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2002

Incidence of injury in amateur rugby league sevens.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence, site, and nature of injuries sustained in amateur rugby league sevens tournaments. METHODS: A total of 168 players competing in three amateur rugby league sevens tournaments were studied. All injuries sustained during matches were recorded. Information recorded included the name of the injured player and the time, cause, anatomical site, and nature of the injury. RESULTS: The incidence of injury was 283.5 per 1000 playing hours. Some 40% (113.4 per 1000 playing hours) of all injuries sustained were to the lower limb (chi(2) = 5.3, df = 1, p<0.05). Contusions were the most common type of injury (113.4 per 1000 hours, 40%, chi(2) = 9.5, df = 4, p<0.05), with most (198.4 per 1000 hours, 70%, chi(2) = 31.5, df =4, p<0.001) occurring in physical collisions and tackles. An increasing injury incidence was observed over the first (99.2 per 1000 hours), second (198.4 per 1000 hours), third (347.2 per 1000 hours), and fourth (694.4 per 1000 hours) matches played during the tournaments (chi(2) = 9.2, df = 3, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that amateur rugby league sevens tournaments, which require players to compete repeatedly on the same day, may hasten the onset of fatigue and predispose to injury.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed1976

Non-fatal injuries sustained by seatbelt wearers: a comparative study.

The injuries sustained by 969 drivers and front-seat passengers in road-traffic accidents were studied. Altogether 196 (20-2%) of the drivers and passengers were wearing seat belts and 773 (79-8%) were not. The injuries among the two groups differed greatly in both severity and distribution. A total of 54 (27-6%) of the seatbelt wearers sustained one or more fractures compared with 300 (38-8%) of the non-wearers, and 18 (9-2%) of the seatbelt wearers were severely injured compared with 300 (38-8%) of the non-wearers. Soft-tissue injuries to the face were sustained by only 29 (14-8%) of the seatbelt wearers compared with 425 (55%) of the non-wearers. Since wearing seatbelts may become compulsory, the type and pattern of injuries to be expected in wearers should be appreciated.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2004

Extremity injuries remain a high surgical workload in a conflict zone: experiences of a British Field Hospital in Iraq, 2003.

BACKGROUND: During this conflict 34 Field Hospital, the sole Coalition field hospital located in Iraq, received and treated casualties with a wide range of injuries. Located very close to the front line during the period of combat hostilities, it was potentially going to deal with relatively fewer battle-injured extremities. METHOD: A retrospective review of battle casualties admitted to the hospital was carried out based on casualty records and operating theatre logbooks. Data was collected for the period between the 26th March and the 8th May, focusing on casualties who had surgery for battle-injured extremities during the conflict. RESULTS: Sixty eight (55%) of the 124 casualties who underwent surgery did so for battle injuries to extremities. 139 (58%) of all operating theatre episodes and 189 (53%) of all surgical procedures undertaken were for battle-injured extremities. Fourteen major limb amputations were carried out from a total of 87 battle-injured limbs that had surgery, giving an amputation rate of sixteen percent (14/87). CONCLUSION: The experience at 34 Field Hospital confirms that extremity injuries do confer a high surgical workload in war. Surgical resources should, therefore, be aimed at this and surgical teams deployed to such environments should be well versed in the surgical management of casualties with limb trauma.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1994

Injury in ballet: a review of relevant topics for the physical therapist.

Currently, there is a need for a review of the literature on ballet injury as it pertains to the physical therapist. Relatively few articles have reviewed ballet injury prevalence and mechanisms of injury. The purpose of this paper was to provide a thorough literature review of the prevalence of ballet injury and mechanisms of injury. Environmental factors and footwear relating to ballet injury were also reviewed. The literature indicated that 65-80% of ballet injuries are in the lower extremity, 10-17% occur in the vertebral column, and most of the remaining percentage are upper limb injuries (5-15%). The etiology of common lower limb conditions included an incorrect turnout; soft tissue imbalances; reduced quadriceps performance; "rolling in of the foot;" inversion sprains; and frequent pliés, pointé, and demipointé work. Spinal conditions were reported to result from hyperextension and hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine as well as the psoas insufficiency syndrome. It was revealed that inappropriately fitting footwear lead to various foot conditions and abnormal lower kinetic chain biomechanics. Environmental factors, such as the dance surface, also have implications in ballet injury. The author concluded that ballet injuries have a multifactorial etiology that primarily involves the interplay of compensatory biomechanics in the spine and lower extremity, environmental factors, and footwear. In addition, some clinical recommendations have been made regarding the physical therapy management of ballet injuries.

Arm Injuries↗