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At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A comparison between two root end preparation techniques in human cadavers.

The purpose of this study was to compare ultrasonic and bur root end cavity preparations with regard to retention, cleanliness, and root canal parallelism. Twenty anterior teeth from human cadavers were instrumented and obturated with gutta-percha and sealer. After raising a full-thickness flap, the apices of the roots were exposed and beveled at a 45-degree angle. Half of the apical cavities were prepared with an appropriate sized Carr alloy tip energized by an Amadent Ultrasonic unit. The other half was prepared with an inverted cone bur in a slow-speed handpiece. The teeth were then extracted, sectioned longitudinally, photographed, and scanning electron micrographs examined. The ultrasonic cavities produced more parallel walls and deeper depths for retention. In addition, the ultrasonic tips followed the direction of the canals more closely than those prepared by burs. Scanning electron microscopic examination of the cavity wall showed presence of cleaner surfaces of root end cavities prepared by ultrasonic tips than those made with burs.

Apicoectomy↗
PubMed1993

Root resection of endodontically treated teeth by erbium: YAG laser radiation.

Root resection was performed on endodontically treated extracted human teeth exposed to pulsed erbium:YAG laser radiation at energy levels between 50 and 90 mJ/pulse in wet and dry fields. The lased surfaces were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The smooth, clean resected root surfaces, devoid of charring (in wet fields), indicate that the erbium:YAG laser has a potential application in endodontic periapical procedures. In addition, researchers have shown that the zone of thermal damage and carbonization following erbium laser exposure on soft tissues and bone is appreciably less compared with other lasers, and therefore its use may result in improved healing and diminished postoperative discomfort.

Apicoectomy↗
PubMed1990

Effect of apical resections and reverse fillings on Thermafil root canal obturations.

This in vitro dye leakage study examined the influence of apical root resection and reverse amalgam fillings on the apical seal of root canals obturated with Thermafil. Fifty human canine teeth were instrumented and obturated with either laterally condensed gutta-percha or Thermafil using Roth's zinc oxide-eugenol Type I regular sealer. After 24 h, one of the following additional procedures was performed on 30 of the teeth: 2-mm apical resection, 4-mm apical resection, and 2-mm apical resection plus reverse amalgam filling 2 mm in depth and diameter. The external root surfaces were coated with enamel paint and the teeth were exposed to 1% methylene blue dye at 37 degrees C for 2 wk. The roots were split longitudinally and the depth of linear dye penetration was measured through a stereozoom microscope. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the linear dye penetration among the various groups of teeth.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Surgical fenestration of large periapical lesions.

The decompression technique utilizing tubing for the treatment of large periapical lesions has been widely used with success. However, unobtainable biopsies and patient noncompliance are among the disadvantages that are of concern. An alternative approach is presented, whereby a surgical procedure is performed involving only partial removal of tissue from the lesion. The advantages of this procedure are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Periapical surgery in a Norwegian county hospital: follow-up findings of 477 teeth.

Four-hundred seventy-seven teeth treated by periapical surgery by one surgeon were followed up until a stable radiographic situation was recorded. Radiographic findings were classified into one of four groups: 1, complete healing; 2, incomplete healing (scar tissue); 3, uncertain healing; or 4, unsatisfactory healing. Evaluation was performed independently by an endodontist and the oral surgeon and cases of disagreement were subjected to joint evaluation. Difficult cases and borderline cases were judged by an oral radiologist. Complete healing was observed for 78% and incomplete healings (scar tissue) for 9% of the teeth. The size of the latter group was strongly influenced by the number of cases with large preoperative lesions. When the material was grouped as "success" (complete healing, scar tissue healing) and "failure" (uncertain healing, unsatisfactory healing), a 13% failure frequency was recorded. Twenty-eight percent of the cases treated with retrograde fills failed compared with 4% in the orthograde group.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Retrograde filling materials: a retrospective success-failure study of amalgam, EBA, and IRM.

A retrospective study was done to compare the success rates of teeth with three different root end filling materials. The materials studied were SuperEBA, IRM, and zinc-free high-copper spherical amalgam. Radiographs of 488 cases from two geographically distinct offices were used, with the recall period ranging from a minimum of 6 months to a maximum of 10 yr. The cases in each office were examined independently using the same criteria. The results revealed that both SuperEBA and IRM demonstrated statistically significant improvements in success rates when compared with amalgam. The success rates were 75% for amalgam, 91% for IRM, and 95% for SuperEBA. The difference between IRM and SuperEBA was not statistically significant.

Apicoectomy↗
PubMed1991

Relation of pre- and intraoperative factors to prognosis of posterior apical surgery.

The relation of preoperative and intraoperative factors to the prognosis of apical surgery was studied in 136 premolar and molar roots. The evaluated factors were: clinical signs and symptoms, size of the periapical lesion, root canal obturation, tooth restoration, apical retrofilling, and the operating surgeon. A significantly higher success rate was found in roots obturated 2 mm or shorter of the apex, in roots without post restoration, and after retrofilling of roots with apparently well-condensed obturation. The prognosis differed significantly following treatment by various operators but was unrelated to their experience.

Apicoectomy↗
PubMed1991

Treatment results of apical surgery in premolar and molar teeth.

The purpose of this investigation was to study long-term treatment results following apical surgery in premolars and molars. These results were assessed by reexamination of 136 roots on which apical surgery was performed. The observation period varied from 6 months to 8 yr. According to radiographic and clinical criteria, the treatment results were considered successful in 44.1% of the roots, doubtful in 22.8%, and unsuccessful in 33.1%. Clinical signs and symptoms were associated with 33.1% of the roots, occurring significantly more in roots demonstrating radiographically unsatisfactory healing. The results are discussed with reference to other studies on apical surgery in posterior and anterior teeth. However, methodological differences do not permit the drawing of direct comparisons to those studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Anatomical study of the position of the mesial roots of mandibular molars.

In order to determine the position of the anatomical apex of the mesial roots of the first and second molars, the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the buccal cortical plate to the apex and the vertical distance from the superior border of the neurovascular bundle to the apex were examined in 33 human cadaver mandible halves. The vertical distances were compared with measurements taken from periapical radiographs between the apex of each mesial root and the superior border of the mandibular canal prior to sectioning. The means of the horizontal buccal distances of the second molar were found to be significantly greater than those of the first molar. The means of the vertical distances of the second molar were found to be significantly less than those of the first molar. A high correlation was found between the vertical anatomic and radiographic measurements. In the majority of the sections, the neurovascular bundle was found in the lingual half of the mandible.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Adjuncts to posterior endodontic surgery.

Adjuncts to posterior endodontic surgery include fiberoptics, high-torque handpieces, and optical magnification. These current technologies allow the clinician to expand and amplify his surgical techniques. The patient can now have the benefit of treatment options not available previously.

Apicoectomy↗