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PubMed1984

Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma.

A patient had primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma. The tumor closely resembled adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin and was composed of cribriform and tubular masses of basaloid cells. Lumina formed by neoplastic cells contained mucin and hyalin , and similar constituents were located between neoplastic cell masses and adjacent dermis. Perineural invasion was observed. A review of seven other primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinomas indicates that this neoplasm tends to affect middle-aged and older individuals, is often present for several years prior to diagnosis, has a propensity for local recurrence, but has not produced metastases in regional lymph nodes or distant sites. Therapy should employ wide surgical excision that extends well beyond the clinical confines of the neoplasm.

Arm↗
PubMed1984

Epithelial-like cells containing lymphocytes (nurse cells) in human adenoids and tonsils.

Epithelial cells filled with lymphocytes (nurse cells, NC), recently described in mouse, rat and human thymus, have been interpreted as mediators of direct contact ('stromal') induced thymocyte maturation. We describe analogous NC in trypsin-dissociated human adenoids and tonsils. NC from these organs show morphological characteristics analogous to those of thymic NC: they appear as large (diameter 30-35 micrometers) elements, containing peripherally situated tonofilament bundles, electrodense mitochondria and some vacuoles. Each NC contains 5-30 intact lymphoid cells, some of which appear in the activated state. NC show neither phagocytic ability, nor ANAE and peroxidase cytochemical reactions. The majority of NC from adenoids and tonsils react with the monoclonal antibody (McAb) OKIa1 (DR w framework) as those from thymus, and 40% of them bind fluorescein-conjugated peanut agglutinin. Some of them also react with the McAb OKT3 (pan-T), OKT9 (transferrin receptors) and OKT10 (immature hematopoietic cells). The presence of NC in adenoids and tonsils suggests that these organs may be involved in some stages of lymphocyte maturation requiring intimate contact with epithelial cells.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1995

Cell suspension cultures and adenoid epithelium: an assessment of the source of material for human ciliary function experiments in vitro.

The aim of this study was to explore the usefulness of two different in vitro models for studying the function of human upper respiratory cilia, i.e. cell suspension cultures of human upper airway epithelium, and ciliated adenoid epithelium. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and signal consistency (SC), as parameters of ciliary function, were measured by a computerized photo-electrical method. Measurements after one week revealed that CBF of ciliated aggregates from cell suspension cultures had deteriorated to a mean of 5.8 Hz. In the subsequent period, it remained at this rather low and non-physiological level. SC decreased too, although not as dramatically. These results indicate that ciliated aggregates from cell suspension cultures cannot be used for human ciliary function experiments in vitro. On the other hand, in ciliated adenoid epithelium, CBF remained constant for a period of 5 h, although SC decreased after 30 min. Because of this result and the fact that ciliated adenoid epithelium is easily obtainable, we regard this material as suitable for studying human ciliary beat in vitro.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1994

[Adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma) of the uterine cervix. Histology, immunohistochemistry, ultrastructure in a case, with review of the medical literature].

The authors report a case of adenoid cystic (cylindromatous) carcinoma of the endocervical canal associated with an intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical os in a 60-year-old woman suffering from metrorrhagia. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated labeling of cylindromatous cells with anti-actin, anti-vimentin and anti-keratin antibodies. Ultrastructural study provided significant findings to confirm that the hyaline material surrounded by tumor cells was derived from the remnants of the lamina densa of the basement membrane of tumor lobules. These morphological data are similar to those observed in adenoid cystic carcinomas (cylindromas) of salivary glands. They support the hypothesis that adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix may develop from the multipotent reserve cells.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed1993

[Polymicrobial infections in recurrent tonsillitis and adenoiditis in children].

Bacteriological examination focused on the aerobic and anaerobic flora from ectomized tonsils in 17 patients with recurrent tonsillitis, in 8 patients with hypertrophy of the tonsils and 122 children with an adenoid vegetation confirmed microbial aetiology. In ectomized tonsils and adenoids aerobic gram-positive bacteria comprised most frequently staphylococci, and gram-negative bacteria H. influenzae. As to anaerobic gram-positive bacteria, they isolated most frequently peptostreptococci, and as to gram-negative ones B. fragilis from tonsils and Bacteroides sp. from adenoids. In the treatment of recurrent infections of the upper respiratory pathways it is important to use preferentially aminopenicillins combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors and lincosamides.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1996

Proliferative activity and p53 expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare type of invasive breast carcinoma that has a good prognosis. We studied a series of four cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma in which we correlated the clinical and pathological features. The pathological features examined included light microscopy; electron microscopy; immunohistochemistry using antibodies to keratin, vimentin, S100 protein, actin, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and proliferation marker MiB-1, and p53 suppressor protein; image cytometric analysis for measurement of DNA ploidy; and molecular analysis using polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism to assess point mutation of the p53 gene. All of the cases had a low nuclear grade, were negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors, and were DNA diploid. Three of the cases showed no evidence of metastases and had small primary tumors with low proliferative activity and absence of p53 protein expression. In contrast, one of the cases showed axillary lymph node metastases and in this case the primary tumor was large with a higher proliferative activity and expression of p53 protein, suggesting that these factors might play a role in the biological behavior of adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case report of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasopharynx with aggressive systemic bone metastases.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasopharynx is not an uncommon malignancy in Japan. It has a slow growing pattern and remarkable capacity for local recurrence. We report a patient with a rare case of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the nasopharynx, who died only 11 months after initial treatment. The tumor was very radiosensitive, but had an aggressive clinical course. Autopsy revealed the histological type to be adenoid cystic carcinoma showing the solid pattern. Many bone and dura metastases were found, but no residual tumors were observed in the sites treated by radiation therapy.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Carinal, adenoid, cystic carcinoma mimicking bronchial asthma].

Bronchotracheal, adenoid, cystic carcinoma is a very rare tumor. Most of its symptoms relate to airway obstruction. We report a 45-year-old woman with a carinal, adenoid, cystic carcinoma who presented with symptoms suggestive of bronchial asthma 2 years prior to diagnosis. No inspiratory flow-volume curve was performed at that time and the patient was treated with inhalation of beta-2 agonists. Early diagnosis of adenoid, cystic carcinoma is important because appropriate surgical treatment results in an excellent prognosis.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamic MR appearance of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast in a 67-year-old female.

We describe an adenoid cystic carcinoma on the right breast of a 67-year-old woman. Dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a well-circumscribed round lesion with rapid and marked enhancement on T1-weighted images, without washout of the contrast agent. The enhanced area extended gradually from the margin to the center of the tumor, showing very late enhancement of the tumor center. The findings suggested a tumor with rich stromal component, including adenoid cystic carcinoma of a special type of breast cancer. Histological examination of a lumpectomy disclosed a well-circumscribed tumor consisting of ovoid, trabecular, and irregularly shaped 'nests' of tumor cells, with a focally cribriform pattern. The examination confirmed the diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Adenoid squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa: report of two autopsy cases.

Two autopsy cases of adenoid squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa proper are presented. Consecutive histologic examinations confirmed that adenoid transformation had occurred directly from within the pre-existing usual squamous cell carcinoma during the course of the disease. The adenoid pattern was reproduced in the lymph node metastases in both cases. The behavior and autopsy findings were not significantly different from those of usual squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

A Case of Adenoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast Skin.

We report a case of a 45-year-old Japanese women with adenoid squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) of the left breast skin. The patient had showed a large mass in the left breast region with axillary swelling about 1 year before admission. Grossly, the tumor was an extensively ulcerated and elevated lesion measuring 15 x 16 x 5cm. Based on the tumor biopsy and cytologic examination of the axillary lymph nodes, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was diagnosed. No evidence of distant metastasis was identified. A modified radical mastectomy with left axillary node dissection was performed. Microscopically, the resected tumor showed on invasive proliferation of atypical squamous cells with marked keratinization. At the periphery of the tumor, an adenoid growth pattern was frequently seen with a transitional area showing squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid growth components. ASCC was diagnosed. A transition between the overlying squamous cell epithelium and squamous cell carcinoma component was also seen, thus the tumor was thought to haveoriginated from the breast skin. The patient died of respiratory failure due tomultiple lung metastasis about 1 month after the mastectomy. Tumor rarely originates at the breast region to include both the mammary glands and breast skin. The pathogenesis and management of ASCC are discussed following the presentation of this case.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Adenoid squamous carcinoma of the conjunctiva--a clinicopathological study of 14 cases.

AIMS: In order to determine the clinicopathological features and optimum management of a series of patients with adenoid squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva, all cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the conjunctiva and cornea on file in the registry of the ophthalmic pathology at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology were reviewed. METHODS: On histopathological examination, a predominant adenoid or pseudoglandular pattern due to islands of neoplastic squamous or epidermoid cells surrounded by acantholytic cells was necessary for inclusion in the study. Histochemical and transmission electron microscopic studies (TEM) were performed. Clinical features of all the patients were extracted from the charts. RESULTS: The anatomical location of the 14 tumours was corneoscleral limbus (seven patients) and bulbar conjunctiva (seven patients). Eight patients presented with inflammatory signs and irritation (red eye, tearing, foreign body sensation), while six patients developed a slowly growing, painless mass. Histochemical and TEM studies showed extracellular hyaluronic acid and no intracellular mucin. Of the two patients initially treated by enucleation, one was free of disease after 2 years while the second patient had recurrence in the socket and died of brain metastases despite wide orbital excision and radiotherapy. All five patients with recurrent tumours initially had irritated red eyes and two required enucleation. One such patient, after orbital exenteration and radiotherapy, died of unrelated disease. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates that adenoid SCC of the conjunctiva often presents with inflammatory signs. The tumour is locally aggressive and may metastasize and should, therefore, be histopathologically differentiated from the less aggressive conventional squamous cell carcinoma. Optimum treatment includes wide excision with documented histological clear margins of resection on permanent sections and frequent follow up.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Pseudovascular adenoid squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity--a report of two cases.

Informed consent was obtained for the publication of the patients' details in this report. Two cases of pseudovascular adenoid squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) in the oral cavity are described, which were characterised by acantholysis of the tumour cells, with formation of anastomosing spaces and channels mimicking an angiosarcoma. Both tumours contained foci of SCC suggesting the correct diagnosis: in one patient conventional SCC, and in the other, a spindle-cell carcinoma. The pathogenesis of pseudovascular adenoid SCC is unknown. Our cases were characterised by loss of immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin, one of the major adhesion molecules of epithelial cells. Pseudovascular adenoid SCC is suggested to be pathogenetically related to the loss of E-cadherin expression, leading to the loss of tumour cell-cell adhesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the oesophagus.

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the oesophagus occurring in a patient who had previously been treated for craniopharyngioma is presented. This is the thirteenth reported case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the oesophagus and the first in association with craniopharyngioma. The previously described cases of oesophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma are critically reviewed, and it is suggested that this tumour is in general highly malignant and may not be so rare as is generally thought.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Primary Adenoidal Hodgkin's Disease: Report of a Case with an Unusual Morphology and Review of the Literature.

The nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue (adenoids) is an uncommonly reported primary site for Hodgkin's disease. We report a case of primary adenoidal, interfollicular, epithelioid cell-rich variant of mixed cellularity Hodgkin's disease. The combination of an interfollicular pattern and richness of epithelioid histiocytes made it very difficult to make the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease without the help of immunohistochemistry. To our knowledge, only 39 cases of Hodgkin's disease primarily involving the Waldeyer's ring have been reported in the English literature, 24 of these primarily involving the adenoids. Our case shows the difficulty encountered in making the diagnosis when a very unusual morphologic appearance of Hodgkin's disease is seen at a rare presentation site. The appropriate immunohistochemical work-up should be performed in unusual lymphohistiocytic proliferations involving the Waldeyer's ring. Int J Surg Pathol 8(3):241-246, 2000

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Different cDNA microarray patterns of gene expression reflecting changes during metastatic progression in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The metastatic ability of tumor cells is determined by level of expression of specific genes that may be identified with the aid of cDNA microarray containing thousands of genes and can be used to establish the expression profile of disease related genes in complex biological system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line and its high metastases adenoid cystic carcinoma clone were used as model systems to reveal the gene expression alteration related to metastasis mechanism by cDNA microarray analysis. The correlation of metastatic phenotypic changes and expression levels of 4 selected genes (encoding CD98, L6, RPL29, and TSH) were further validated by using RT-PCR analysis of human tumor specimens from primary adenoid cystic carcinoma and corresponding metastasis lymph nodes. RESULTS: Of the 7,675 clones of known genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that were analyzed, 30 showed significantly different (minimum 3 fold) expression levels in two cell lines. Out of 30 genes found differentially expressed, 18 were up regulated (with ratio more than 3) and 12 down regulated (with ratio less than 1/3). CONCLUSION: Some of these genes are known to be involved in human tumor antigen, immune surveillance, adhesion, cell signaling pathway and growth control. It is suggested that the microarray in combination with a relevant analysis facilitates rapid and simultaneous identification of multiple genes of interests and in this study it provided a profound clue to screen candidate targets for early diagnosis and intervention.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

A roentgencephalometric investigation of the effect of adenoid removal upon selected measures of velopharyngeal function.

Pre-and postoperative lateral x-rays were taken of 15 candidates for adenoid removal, ranging in age from four to seven years. Cephalometric measurements were taken during rest and during function (/s/). The postoperative group acquired pharyngeal dimensions of C.P.I. proportions as a result of adenoid removal. However, all subjects achieved velopharyngeal closure and displayd no hypernasality following this surgical procedure, indicating success in terms of speech. The success in their adaptation can be attributed to the following: 1) increased velar mobility; 2) increased height of velopharyngeal closure; 3) increased percent of velar stretch; and 4) anterior movement of the posterior pharyngeal wall when amount of velopharyngeal contact became tenuous. The normal velopharyngeal mechanism has the capacity to successfully overcome the imbalance between pharyngeal dimensions and velar length caused by adenoid removal. The normal mechanism overcomes this imbalance by means of compensations, some of which are typical of the inadequate mechanism.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1981

[Intraarterial therapy of maxillary adenoid cystic carcinoma using cis-platinum (author's transl)].

A woman suffering from extended maxillary adenoid cystic carcinoma of mixed cribriform solid type was treated by selective intraarterial infusion of Cisplatinum using a new intraarterial infusion technique. Within four weeks--the entire dosage of Cisplatinum was 400 mg--the patient came into complete remission, clinically and histologically, suggesting that the adenoid cystic carcinoma may be more susceptible to chemotherapy than thought up to the present day. However, primary chemotherapy should be followed by radiotherapy or surgical treatment.

Adenoids↗