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PubMed1977

Self-ideal discrepancy and acceptance of false personality interpretations.

Effects of self-ideal discrepancy and favorability of content on subjects' acceptance of personality interpretations were studied. Subjects accepted more favorable than neutral statements and more neutral than unfavorable statements. A significant effect was found for self-ideal discrepancy and for the interaction between self-ideal discrepancy and content favorability. In contrast to moderate and low discrepancy subjects, high discrepancy subjects accepted more of the interpretations, accepted more unfavorable, and rejected more favorable interpretations. High discrepancy subjects also accepted more neutral interpretations than did low discrepancy subjects. High discrepancy subjects expected to receive more negative feedback than low discrepancy subjects, and also interpreted this feedback more negatively than did low discrepancy subjects, while scores for the moderate discrepancy subjects were consistently between these two groups.

Feedback↗
PubMed1980

How and why people accept personality feedback.

The present experiment examined a model and a supplementary explanation of feedback acceptance. The model consisted of inventory responding under a yea-saying response set and the explanation stated that feedback is accepted because it is accurate and persuasive. "Neurotic" and stable undergraduates (n = 120) took several personality inventories and then rated the accuracies of personality "interpretations." As predicted, the model mirrored every detail of feedback acceptance; also, the accuracy of interpretations related most simply to their acceptance and the undergraduates changed their self-perceptions in the direction of the interpretations. Contrary to predictions, individual differences in persuasibility did influence feedback acceptance.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Depressive symptoms: effects of negative affectivity and failing to accept the past.

Conceptual problems with existing measures of Erikson's ego-integrity construct were identified. It was hypothesized that a core component of ego-integrity involves how individuals evaluate and reflect on past experiences. Accepting the past was formally defined and operationalized and was conceptualized as one source of self-worth central to many formulations of depression. Findings demonstrate that accepting the past was related to a measure of ego-integrity in an elderly community sample, demonstrated superior predictive and incremental validity than ego-integrity in predicting concurrent depressive symptoms, and was unrelated to reminiscing about the past. Failing to accept the past was related to depressive symptoms even after accounting for effects due to age, sex, and physical symptoms. However, accepting the past was moderated by trait negative affectivity. Accepting the past predicted depressive symptoms only in individuals reporting high negative affectivity.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[A study on health examination services under the Health Service Law for the Aged--multiple logistic regression analysis of service methods and the service-acceptance rate].

A survey on health services provided in accordance with the Health Service Law for the Aged was conducted in 3,278 cities, wards, towns, and villages throughout Japan in May 1985. Responses were returned from 2,645 districts and data on beneficiaries of these health services in 2,625 districts became available. Because the exact number of people constituting the subjects of health services could not be obtained, the service-acceptance rate was calculated by the number of people utilizing the services divided by the those in the population who were at least 40 years old. The service-acceptance rate was affected by both the size of the population of the local community and the methods of implementation of health services. Therefore, the mutual effects of population size and service methods were corrected by logistic regression analysis to find the relationship between methods of implementing health services and the response rate of the public in accepting the services. The service-acceptance rate was divided into two categories: one less than 30% and the other 30% and over. Odds ratios were calculated for an acceptance ratio of 30% and over. The results were summarized as follows: 1. In the jurisdictions where the local organizations cooperated in notifying citizens about the results of their general health examination, in comparison with the areas where there was no cooperation, the odds ratio was found to be 2.40. A similar comparison was made between the communities with local cooperation for notification of a general health examination and those communities without it. The odds ratio for the former was found to be 1.66.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Willingness of eye care practices to evaluate children and accept Medicaid.

BACKGROUND: The willingness of eye care providers to evaluate children or to accept Medicaid may be a barrier to care for those with an abnormal screen. OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of eye care practices that would provide diagnostic evaluation for children and accept Medicaid payment and to evaluate the influence of child age and practice characteristics on provision of care or acceptance of Medicaid. METHODS: We conducted a telephone survey of 364 eye care practices in Michigan, which were randomly selected from telephone directories of 26 rural and urban cities as defined by metropolitan statistical areas. RESULTS: The response rate was 93%. Most eye care practices, but more optometry-listed practices than ophthalmology-listed ones, would evaluate preschool-aged children (88% vs 73%; P <.01) or school-aged children only (11% vs 7%; P <.01). The proportion of practices willing to evaluate preschool-aged children was lower in urban cities compared with rural cities for optometry-listed (83% vs 96%; P <.01) and ophthalmology-listed practices (67% vs 93%; P <.01). Medicaid acceptance among practices that would evaluate children was higher among ophthalmology-listed than optometry-listed practices (74% vs 59%; P =.01) and did not vary by urban or rural status. Practice size was not associated with willingness to provide care for children. However, among practices that would provide care for children, larger practice size was associated with increased odds of Medicaid acceptance in both optometry-listed and ophthalmology-listed practices. CONCLUSIONS: These findings contradict the perception that eye care for children is unavailable. More work is needed to understand the relationship of this availability with the accessibility of eye care.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Does suicidal history enhance acceptance of other suicidal individuals?

Suicide is stigmatized, so suicidal people may be especially hard to accept. To see if moderately suicidal outpatients were more accepting of a suicidal person than never-suicidal or severely suicide outpatients, 105 respondents completed measures of suicidality, depression, acceptance, and empathy. A curvilinear ANCOVA was nonsignificant, but a linear ANCOVA significantly adjusted for depression, and indicated, unexpectedly, that net of depression, never-suicidal people were more accepting of a suicidal person than moderately or severely suicidal people. Empathy and acceptance were moderately related. An implication is that social support for suicidal individuals might best be obtained from those who were never suicidal themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A 10-year follow-up survey of acceptability of controlled drinking in Britain.

This study was designed to reassess the acceptability of controlled drinking (CD) approximately 10 years after Robertson and Heather's (1982) survey of British treatment providers. Sixty percent of a wide range of almost 300 targeted alcohol service agencies in Scotland, England and Wales responded to a mailed questionnaire. Three-quarters of these respondents reported that nonabstinence was an acceptable outcome goal. About half of the respondents who accept CD reported it as acceptable for only 1-25% of their clientele. Within the subgroup of outpatient agencies, almost one-third reported CD as appropriate for at least 50% of their clientele. Respondents endorsing CD rated severity of dependence, client attitudes and beliefs about controlled drinking and abstinence, drinking history, liver function test results and social stability/social relationships as the most important factors of those listed in selecting outcome goals. Respondents reportedly based acceptance or rejection of CD most frequently on their own professional experience and, to a lesser extent, on research evidence for or against CD and on agency policy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Effectiveness and infant acceptance of the Rx medibottle versus the oral syringe.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and infant acceptance of drug delivery of the Rx medibottle with the standard oral syringe. DESIGN: Prospective open-label, randomized, crossover clinical study. SETTING: General pediatric outpatient clinic at an urban university. SUBJECTS: Thirty healthy, bottle-fed infants, aged 2-14 months, receiving routine vaccinations. INTERVENTION: Each infant received a single dose of acetaminophen (Tempra syrup), with one-half delivered by the Rx medibottle and one-half delivered with an oral syringe. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Three raters independently evaluated effectiveness and infant acceptance of each drug-delivery device. Effectiveness was based on the percentage of infants receiving 100% of the intended dose. Infant acceptance was scored using a validated infant medication acceptance scale (MAS, 10 = highest level). Significantly more infants received 100% of the intended dose with the Rx medibottle (93.3%) than with the oral syringe (56.7%, p=0.0074). Infants had a significantly higher mean MAS score when using the Rx medibottle (8.3+/-1.8 vs 7.3+/-1.7, p=0.002). In addition, a significantly higher percentage had ideal MAS scores of 9 or above with the Rx medibottle (73%) compared with the oral syringe (17%, p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: The Rx medibottle was more effective and had a higher level of infant acceptance than the oral syringe. Although further studies are necessary, this suggests that the Rx medibottle may be a better method of delivering liquid drug and may increase infant adherence.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed2005

Acceptability and satisfaction with a telecarer approach to the management of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To examine patients' views of the acceptability of and satisfaction with telephone care center support provided to improve blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Pro-Active Call-Center Treatment Support (PACCTS) Trial randomized patients from 47 general practices in a deprived urban area in northwest England to usual care or to proactive call center support in addition to usual care. Satisfaction with care was assessed in all 591 patients at baseline and the end of the study using the Diabetes Satisfaction and Treatment Questionnaire (DTSQ). Acceptability was assessed in 394 intervention patients after at least three proactive calls from the call center and at the end of the trial. A purposive sample of 25 patients took part in in-depth semistructured interviews. RESULTS: The response rates to the questionnaires were 79% (DTSQ) and 65% (acceptability). Persons receiving the intervention continued to report high levels of satisfaction with their treatment (95% CI 32.3-33.2 at 1 year), and >90% strongly agreed or agreed that the telecarer approach was acceptable. Qualitative comments pointed to the importance of a personalized service; increased feelings of well-being, including confidence and self-control; help with problem-solving; and patients developing rapport and a strong bond with the telecarers. CONCLUSIONS: A personalized PACCTS approach is acceptable to patients. A service giving priority to the interpersonal dimension leads to increased commitment from patients to improve long-term glycemic control.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Maximum acceptable weight of lift for asymmetric lifting.

10 undergraduate men were tested to determine the effects of lifting mode and frequency on psychophysically established maximum acceptable weight of lift for 4 hr. of work. The heart rate and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of the individuals while lifting the maximum acceptable weight of lift were measured. When performing a 90 degrees asymmetric lifting, subjects lifted approximately 10% less weight than lifted in symmetric lifting. Nonsignificant differences in maximum acceptable weight of lift, heart rate, and RPE values were found between asymmetric lifting with trunk rotation and asymmetric lifting with leg rotation. The lifting frequency significantly affected the maximum acceptable weight of lift, heart rate, and RPE. Heart rate and RPE increased with lifting frequency. The maximum acceptable weight of lift at 2 lifts/min. and 4 lifts/min. were approximately 91.5% and 82.5% of that of 1 lift/ min., respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Restaurant consumer acceptance of beef loin strip steaks tenderized with calcium chloride.

Beef strip loins from either the right or left side of 22 carcasses of Bos indicus-type steers were injected with 200 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution at 5% (wt/wt) to determine its effect on tenderness and other selected quality traits of steaks. Loins from opposite sides of the carcasses were untreated and served as the control. The steaks were evaluated for tenderness, juiciness, flavor intensity, tenderness acceptability, and overall acceptability by 62 restaurant consumers over a 6-wk period. The CaCl2 injection improved (P < .05) tenderness and flavor intensity ratings by the restaurant consumers. Tenderness acceptability and overall acceptability were improved 23 and 17%, respectively, by the CaCl2 injection. Flavor was not compromised by the CaCl2 injection. The CaCl2-treated steaks were rated superior(P < .05) for flavor compared to the control steaks. Restaurant consumers preferred the beef loin strip steaks injected with 200 mM CaCl2 at 5% (wt/wt). The results of this study are interpreted to indicate that, from a restaurant consumer perspective, CaCl2 injection is an acceptable means of making beef a more consistently tender product.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Effect of stimulant medication on the acceptance of background noise in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Available data indicate that, on some auditory tasks, individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD/ADD) perform more poorly than individuals without ADHD/ADD. Research also indicates that performance may improve with the use of stimulant medication. The present study (1) examined the effect of stimulant medication on acceptance of background noise in individuals with ADHD/ADD and (2) investigated the dependence of speech presentation level on acceptance of noise in persons with ADHD/ADD. Fifteen normal hearing female college students with ADHD/ADD served as the participants. The participants were medicated in one session and unmedicated in the other session. Results showed that medication significantly increased the acceptance of background noise for individuals with ADHD/ADD. Results also indicated that acceptance of noise depends on speech presentation level, but the improvement in acceptance of noise was not dependent on medication.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Acceptance of noise with monaural and binaural amplification.

The present study investigated the effects of monaural and binaural amplification on speech understanding in noise and acceptance of noise for 39 listeners with hearing impairment. Results demonstrated that speech understanding in noise improved with binaural amplification; however, acceptance of noise was not dependent on monaural or binaural amplification for most listeners. These results suggest that although two hearing aids maximize speech understanding ability in noise, most individuals' acceptance of noise, which is directly related to hearing aid use, may not be affected by the use of binaural amplification. It should be noted that monaural amplification resulted in greater acceptance of noise for some listeners, indicating that binaural amplification may negatively affect some individuals' willingness to wear hearing aids. It should also be noted that interaural differences in acceptance of noise might exist for some listeners; therefore, if only one hearing aid is fitted, monaural ANLs should be measured.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Persistence of dominant T cell clones in accepted solid organ transplants.

Donor/recipient MHC class II matching is beneficial to the survival of allogeneic kidneys in humans and swine. In the latter, tolerance to class I-disparate grafts can be induced by a short course of immunosuppression, a peripheral mechanism that implicates regulatory T cells. Absence of treatment will lead to prompt rejection. Rejected grafts are infiltrated by dominant alloaggressive T cells, whereas there is still speculation on the specificity and function of T cells invading accepted tissues. To characterize the TCR repertoire of graft-infiltrating T cells (GITC) in accepted kidneys, we have used the RT-PCR-based spectratyping technique to assess the length polymorphism of the porcine TCRbeta chain complementary-determining region 3 (CDR3). Results show that T cells infiltrating accepted kidneys (n = 5) express a restricted polymorphism of the CDR3 length, whereas PBL from the same animal have the polymorphic distribution of CDR3 lengths found in naive animals; that the skewed Vbeta repertoire in accepted grafts involved distinct Vbeta subfamilies in otherwise MHC-identical recipient animals; that GITC clonal dominance is not caused by immunosuppression because a second kidney, accepted without drug treatment, exhibits the same TCR Vbeta CDR3 profiles than those detected in the first graft; and that intragraft clonal dominance intensifies with time, indicating progressive preeminence of nonaggressive GITC clones. Collectively, these data represent the first example, in a preclinical model, of the emergence of nonaggressive intragraft clones, which may be involved in the induction/maintenance of local tolerance to allogeneic tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Murine renal allografts: spontaneous acceptance is associated with regulated T cell-mediated immunity.

It was shown >20 yr ago that mice will spontaneously accept renal allografts in the absence of immunosuppression, but the mechanism responsible for this is not understood. We transplanted DBA/2 (H-2(d)) kidneys into nephrectomized C57BL/6 (H-2(b)) mice, and the allografts were spontaneously accepted for >60 days without immunosuppression. In contrast, nonimmunosuppressed cardiac and skin allografts in the same strain combination are rejected within approximately 10 days. The accepted renal allografts have a prominent leukocytic infiltrate, suggesting an ongoing, local immune response. At 60 days post-transplant, the recipients of accepted renal allografts display DBA/2-reactive alloantibodies. They also display DBA/2-reactive delayed-type hypersensitivity responses that are actively counter-regulated by DBA/2-induced TGF-beta production, but not by IL-10 production. These data suggest that a donor-reactive, cell-mediated immune mechanism involving TGF-beta is associated with the spontaneous acceptance of renal allografts in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A study on relationship between personality and self-acceptance].

UNLABELLED: The purpose is to examine the relationship between self-acceptance and personalities developmentally, as for evaluative and affective dimensions. RESULTS: Males and females showed differences in the formation of adolescent self-acceptance. At junior high school level, the accepted personalities are not yet differentiated as for two dimensions in both males and females. In males, they are differentiated at senior high school, and above this level, they showed a linear increase in differentiation. Females showed emotional differentiation at junior high school, and behavioral differentiation at senior high school, and further emotional differentiation at college level. The transition of male is "from a few limited to diverse", while for females it is "from diverse to a few limited". As the traits to self-acceptance diversify, the self-acceptance score is high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Social support and acceptance of the disease by parents of children who have progressive muscular dystrophy].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship in the parents among social support, psychological stress response, and acceptance of the fact that their children had progressive muscular dystrophy. Parents of progressive muscular dystrophy patients, 326 in total, completed a questionnaire that included scales of social support, acceptance of muscular dystrophy, positive thought on child's muscular dystrophy, and psychological stress response. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that features of the social support received by the parents differed at different stages of the disease, but levels of acceptance of the disease and psychological stress response were not different. Results of analysis of covariance structure suggested that social support increased parent's positive cognition about the disease, the cognition in turn increased their acceptance of the disease, and the acceptance reduced psychological stress responses. Finally, social support systems that were available to the parents of children with muscular dystrophy were discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Problems, acceptance and social inequality: a study of the deformed leprosy patients and their families.

Though the impact of social inequality on health conditions is widely known, its impact on the chronic and stigmatized disease, leprosy, has received little attention. Deformity sometimes leads to disabilities and to handicaps causing problems to the patient and his family. In this paper an attempt has been made to understand the impact of social inequality, prevalent in the form of the caste system in India on the deformed leprosy patients and on their families. This impact was examined in terms of the problems faced by the patients. A sample of 150 deformed patients and their families, drawn from two districts in Tamil Nadu, was selected for the study. About 57% of the deformed patients experienced their deformity as a handicap which caused social and economic problems while the rest did not. Of the three caste groups, the Lower Caste group experienced more severe economic problems while the Upper Caste group faced more social problems. The extent of acceptance of deformed patients in their family varied significantly among those facing and not facing problems due to their deformity. The deformed patients without any handicap were accepted in a large majority of their families (82%) regardless of their caste status. In contrast the deformed but handicapped patients were accepted differentially among the three caste groups with the Upper group accepting them in most of their families (80%) while in the Lower group much less number of families (54%) did. All the families of the deformed but not handicapped patients desired to keep their patients till their death irrespective of their caste status. On the contrary, while all the families in the Upper Caste group expressed their willingness to keep their handicapped patients in the family till their death, 10% in the Middle and 22% in the Lower Caste groups did not want to do so. This suggests the gradual marginalization, rejection and dehabilitation of the affected. Thus, one's caste status can be a broad indicator of the nature and the extent of handicaps and acceptance in the family. This factor needs to be appropriately taken care of for rehabilitation and disability management in leprosy control programmes.

Adolescent↗