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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Parvovirus B19 infection mimicking drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome].

BACKGROUND: Clinical manifestations of primary parvovirus B19 infection vary greatly. Epidermal megalerythema is the most common feature. We report a particular form resembling a drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction. CASE REPORT: A 19-year-old man had a scarlatiniform eruption associated with multiple node enlargement, elevated liver enzymes and a abnormal white cell count with mononucleosis and lymphopenia, similar to that observed in hypersensitivity reactions. Seroconversion and positive PCR search for viral DNA established the diagnosis of primary parvovirus B19 infection. The spontaneous course was favorable with no recurrence at one month. DISCUSSION: The clinical features and laboratory findings in this case of parvovirus B19 infection closely resembled drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. The role of viral agents in the development of hypersensitivity reactions have been suggested. It is important to look for viral infections in clinical presentations mimicking drug-induced hypersensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Pure red cell aplasia due to parvovirus B19 in a patient treated with rituximab.

Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against CD20 and used in the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Due to its ability to deplete B lymphocytes, rituximab can interfere with humoral immunity, causing it to be suppressed for several months after treatment. The reported case depicts a serious consequence of this effect of rituximab therapy: pure red cell aplasia resulting from chronic parvovirus B19 infection. The point of interest in this case is not only the association between rituximab therapy and pure red cell aplasia, but the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of the knowledge of parvovirus B19 as the likely etiologic link between the two. Given the known efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in the treatment of chronic parvovirus B19 infection, this therapy can cure some of these patients and successfully render most others transfusion-independent until recovery of their own humoral immune system.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1997

[Inhibition of parvovirus H-1 on transplantable human hepatoma and its histological and histobiochemical studies].

A transplantable human hepatoma model, the QGY-9204, was used in this study. The growth kinetics of hepatoma in nude mice were compared after injection of parvovirus H-1 into the tumor growth. Significant difference in growth curves were seen between injected groups with H-1 dosages of 5 x 10(7) PFU and 5 x 10(8) PFU and that of control. It indicated that parvovirus H-1 was capable of suppressing the growth of human hepatoma. Previous studies showed H-1 is oncotropic, oncosuppressive and oncolytic. For histological, ultrastructural and histochemical examinations, transplantable hepatomas were taken at different time interval post H-1 (1 x 10(8) PFU per tumor growth) injection. For H-1 DNA amplification and H-1 nonstructural protein expression, PCR and ABC approach in hepatoma paraffin sections were used. The H-1 treated groups exhibited obvious signs of necrosis. It started on 3rd day post infection (3 d.p.i.) and the area of necrosis enlarged consecutively on 7 d.p.i., 10 d.p.i. and 14 d.p.i., but none was seen in saline-injected group even on 14 d.p.i. H-1 virions were also detected in the damaged tumor cells with numerous vacuoles in cytoplasm. Specific band (908 bp) of H-1 DNA and ABC immunostaining indicated H-1 DNA replication and NS-1 expression in tumors of treated groups, their time course was well in accordance with that process of necrosis. These results suggest that parvovirus H-1 promotes tumor necrosis by its DNA replication and cytotoxic NS-1 protein expression, and thus, it inhibits hepatoma growth and induces oncosuppression and oncolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Experimentally induced infection with autonomous parvoviruses, minute virus of mice and H-1, in the African multimammate mouse (Mastomys coucha).

To determine whether the multimammate mouse (Mastomys coucha) could be used to evaluate rodent parvovirus-based vectors, neonates were subcutaneously inoculated with minute virus of mice (prototype strain, MVMp) or rat parvovirus H-1. The course of infection with both viruses was similar. Seroconversion occurred within two weeks after virus inoculation, as detected by use of hemagglutination-inhibition assays, and antibody titers remained high for the entire observation period of 12 months. Viral DNA and infective virions were detected in several organs of inoculated animals prior to seroconversion, as measured by use of Southern blotting and plaque assays, respectively. Infective particles subsequently became undetectable, whereas viral DNA imprints persisted in distinct organs for at least nine months. Clinical signs of parvovirus infection appeared around six weeks after virus inoculation, and consisted of hemorrhages, stunted growth, and transient hair color changes. Sudden death occurred in a significant fraction of animals infected with MVMp, but not H-1 virus, at the time of weaning. Altogether, MVMp, which is innocuous to its natural host, the mouse, and H-1 virus, which is poorly pathogenic to the rat, appear to be pathogenic for Mastomys coucha.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Parvovirus B19 antibodies in immunocompromized children in Thailand.

Parvovirus B19, a non-enveloped single stranded DNA virus is distributed worldwide. Sero-prevalence in adult populations amounts to approximately 50%. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the Immune status of the infected individuals and may include mild childhood Infection as well as hydrops fetalis due to intrauterine infection. To determine the prevalence of this infection among the immunocompromized individuals in Thailand, we determined, by indirect ELISA, levels of IgM and IgG antibodies to the parvovirus B19 in 106 immunocompromized children. These included 49 children who were on chemotherapy for treatment of malignancies, 18 who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs after organ transplantations, 14 who were under a regimen of corticosteroids and 25 who were positive for antibodies to HIV. The average prevalence of IgG antibodies in 106 children was 16.0%; the prevalence of antibodies was 33.3% in post-transplanted group, 16% in children positive for HIV, 12.2% in the group receiving chemotherapy for malignancies and 7.6% in the group treated with corticosteroids. All children were negative for IgM antibodies to parvovirus B19.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[The localization of parvovirus B19 in cardiac biopsy tissue of congenital heart disease].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between parvovirus B19 infection and congenital heart disease (CHD), and distribution of parvovirus B 19 gene in cardiac tissue. METHODS: We conducted a case controls study investigating the presence of B19 gene in cardiac biopsy tissue of 37 cases of CHD, 8 cases of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and 20 cases of non-CHD with nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH). RESULTS: Among 37 CHD patients, 6 were B19 DNA positive in cardiac tissue (18.92%), while in control group, including 8 RHD patients (autopsy specimens) and 20 non-CHD patients, the B19 gene were all negative, there was a significant difference of B19 gene presence between CHD group and control group (P = 0.0421). ISH of B19 gene in cardiac tissue were positive in 4 CHD patients and all were negative in control group. The B19 gene was found locating in the nucleus of cardiac cell by ISH. CONCLUSIONS: Parvovirus B19 infection correlated with CHD. Since B19 gene was mainly found in the cardiac cell nucleus, maybe it influenced the regulation of gene expression and affected the development of heart with the result of CHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human parvovirus B19 infection mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus in an adult patient.

We report a case of widespread immune activation with moderate cytopenia during acute infection with human parvovirus B19 in an adult female patient, in whom five criteria for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus were present at disease onset. Our case is unusual due to the presence of a cutaneous rash mimicking leukocytoclastic vasculitis at presentation, moderate leukopenia with thrombocytopenia and the presence of a broad array of autoantibodies. Diagnosis was established on the grounds of serological tests confirming recent infection with human parvovirus B19; spontaneous regression of clinical and laboratory abnormalities was observed within 16 weeks, ruling out classic systemic lupus erythematosus. We conclude by proposing that human parvovirus B19 infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of lupus-like syndromes in adult patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Human parvovirus B19 infection among patients with chronic blood disorders.

OBJECTIVE: In a normal host, parvovirus infection can be asymptomatic or can result in erythema infectiosum or arthropathy. Patients with underlying hematologic and immunologic disorders who become infected with this virus are at risk for aplastic anemia. This small study attempts to confirm this relation between the human parvovirus B19 infection as one of the predisposing factor of aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic disorders. METHODS: The laboratory records of 73 patients' serum samples, which were tested for detection of specific Immunoglobulin M and Immunoglobulin G antibody by means of the recurrently available indirect enzyme linked Immunoassay during the period from March 1998 to March 2001, were reviewed retrospectively at the Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: For all patients there were 11 (15%) who were diagnosed as acute infections while 50 (68%) had serological evidence of previous exposure. Eight out of the 11 acute patients had chronic hemolytic disorder as the underlying disease while, the 3 other patients were organ transplant and connective tissue disease patients. CONCLUSION: Seventy-eight percent of our infected patients were known to have an underlying blood disorder, while 22% had immunosuppressed disorders such as organ transplant and connective tissue disorder. Parvovirus B19 can be considered as one of the predisposing factors of hemolytic crisis in patients with chronic hemolytic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of mouse parvovirus infection in laboratory mice.

PURPOSE: Parvoviruses are among the most prevalent infectious agents in mouse colonies. Infection in laboratory mice is confirmed by detection of serum antibodies to these agents, and most diagnostic tests cannot distinguish serogroup of the infecting agent. The principal objective of the research reported here was to develop and validate a sensitive, serogroup-specific diagnostic test that will distinguish between mouse parvovirus (MPV) and minute virus of mice (MVM) infection. METHODS: The MPV VP2 protein was expressed in bacteria, purified by use of metal-chelation chromatography, and used as antigen in an ELISA. More than 580 sera from uninfected mice and experimentally or naturally infected mice were screened by MPV indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test, then were re-tested using the MPV ELISA to define test sensitivity and specificity. An additional 3,700 sera were screened using a variety of tests, including the MPV ELISA and recombinant NS1 ELISA (rNS1 ELISA). RESULTS: Using MPV IFA test results as a benchmark, the MPV ELISA had sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 99.8%. In addition, the MPV ELISA detected anti-viral antibodies at a higher dilution of serum than did the IFA test, and confirmed the infecting agent as MPV or MVM. When compared directly in a commercial laboratory, the MPV ELISA had higher sensitivity (90.3% versus 65%) than and similar specificity (98.3% versus 99.6%) to the rNS1 ELISA. CONCLUSION: The MPV VP2 ELISA provides a sensitive, serogroup-specific alternative for diagnosis and classification of parvovirus infection in laboratory mice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Familial transient red cell aplasia from parvovirus B-19 infection].

In our Paediatric Clinic we observed a case of transient aplastic crisis caused by Parvovirus B19 in a child and his mother, both affected by spherocytic haemolytic anemia. Anti-Parvovirus IgM antibody titre and viral search by PCR were positive. Anemia was treated with transfusion of concentrated red blood cells. In case of a family onset of hyperacute anemia it is necessary to consider a bone marrow aplastic crisis of the red series, induced by Parvovirus B19, especially if there is notice of an ongoing outbreak of erythema infectiosum.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Spontaneous resolution of nonimmune hydrops fetalis secondary to human parvovirus B19 infection.

Many instances of nonimmune hydrops fetalis ascribed to human parvovirus B19 have been reported. The leading proposed pathophysiologic mechanism of hydrops in affected fetuses is viral invasion of red blood cell progenitors, causing a profound reticulocytopenic fetal anemia. Although the natural history of fetal parvovirus infection remains to be elucidated fully, there have been recent reports of funipuncuture and intrauterine blood transfusions to diagnose and manage this problem. We report two pregnancies in which parvovirus-related hydrops fetalis was observed to resolve without intervention, followed by uncomplicated vaginal deliveries of healthy infants. These observations emphasize the need for further investigation before recommending routine fetal blood transfusion in affected cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Fetal erythropoiesis and parvovirus B19].

Target cells for the human parvovirus B19 include erythroid progenitors located in the bone marrow in adults and in the liver in fetuses of 12 to 30 weeks gestational age. The main manifestations of fetal parvovirus B19 infection seem to be related to lysis of the erythroid progenitors which causes non immune hydrops fetalis with severe anemia, congestive heart failure, generalized edema and death. The exact incidence of human parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy remains unclear.

Anemia↗
PubMed1992

[Acute vasculitis and arthritis caused by Parvovirus B 19 infection].

A 35-year old woman was admitted with fever, polyarthritis and severe vasculitis. The symptoms resolved spontaneously within a week. Two weeks later, her seven year old son developed erythema on arms and legs and the typical "slapped cheek syndrome" characteristic of erythema infectiosum. Both cases were due to acute infection with Parvovirus B 19 as demonstrated by the presence of IgM-antibodies to Parvovirus B 19. The cases are described in order to draw attention to the possibility of Parvovirus B 19 infection as the etiological agent for acute vasculitis in adults.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Obstructive respiratory tract diseases in children and Parvovirus B19 infections].

Acute respiratory diseases (ARD) due to parvovirus B 19 infection can be observed relative frequently in children. In 21 children (infants, toddlers and school children) we have seen acute or prolonged obstructive bronchitis/bronchiolitis (15 infants), acute subglottic laryngitis (3 toddlers) and acute asthmatic attacks (3 children of school age) in connection with parvovirus B 19 infection. Other respiratory viruses (adeno-, influenza, parainfluenza and RS-virus) could be excluded as agents causing the ARD. We suggest that parvovirus B 19 can provoke ARD with obstructive ventilatory disturbances of the upper or lower airways in children with a specific endogenous predisposition (small or unstable bronchial walls, or bronchial or tracheal mucosal hyperreactivity).

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1995

[Parvovirus B19 infection as the cause of hepatitis and neutrophil granulocytosis in a 20-year old woman].

A case of Parvovirus B19 infection (erythema infectiosum) in a 20 year old woman is presented. The patient presented with fever, arthritis in one knee, neutrophil granulocytosis and biochemical evidence of hepatitis. Serological evidence of Parvovirus B19 infection was found as the only explanation of the clinical picture. Hepatitis was due to Parvovirus B19 infection as there was no serological evidence of EBV or CMV reactivation. Neutrophil granulocytosis and thrombocytosis were found and were probably due to an active bone marrow in the recovery phase of bone marrow aplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Cutaneous parvovirus infections: "gloves and socks" syndrome].

INTRODUCTION: Among the viral purpuric cutaneous manifestations, papular-purpuric "gloves and socks" eruptions have been lately described. The responsibility of parvovirus B19 infection has been suspected. OBSERVATION: We report two pediatric cases of papular-purpuric eruption of the extremities with a seroconversion for the parvovirus B19. One patient, a twelve-year old girl, also had cellulitic plaques. DISCUSSION: Parvovirus B19 is known for causing various cutaneous manifestations, among which erythema infectiosum as the most classical. A papular-purpuric "gloves and socks" syndrome may be individualised. Previously described in adults, this type of eruption may be prevalent in childhood.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Human B19 parvovirus infection in an obstetric population. A prospective study determining fetal outcome.

In a prospective study of 1,967 pregnant women who were routinely screened for recent human B19 parvovirus infection, 64 (3.3%) were identified as being IgM positive. No adverse effects were documented by ultrasound in any of the fetuses. The outcome of pregnancy was favorable in 95.1% of these women, with no evidence of hydrops fetalis or any congenital abnormalities. Two neonates (3.4%) were small for gestational age, and there was one abortion. Samples of blood obtained from 20 neonates born to women with evidence of recent infection were B19 parvovirus IgM negative. Recent infection with human B19 parvovirus in pregnancy constitutes a low risk for the development of adverse fetal effects; hence, routine antenatal screening is not warranted.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1993

B19 parvovirus-induced anemia in a normal child. Initial bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia and response to intravenous immunoglobulin.

PURPOSE: Human B19 parvovirus infection may cause severe erythroid hypoplasia in patients with an underlying hemolytic anemia. We report a case of severe parvovirus-induced anemia with initial marrow erythroid hyperplasia in a child with no underlying hematologic disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The patient's rapid hemoglobin recovery after treatment with i.v. immunoglobulin further supports this form of therapy for children with parvovirus-induced anemia.

Anemia↗