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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Esthetic buccal flap for correction of buccal fenestration defects during flapless immediate implant surgery.

BACKGROUND: Clinically, it is a tremendous challenge to create natural gingival esthetics after immediate or delayed implant placement. Hence, flapless immediate implant surgery has been proposed to overcome the shortfalls of these techniques. Nonetheless, one of the major limitations for this technique is its inability to correct localized horizontal/vertical deficiency, dehiscence, or fenestration without jeopardizing esthetic outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to present a new flap design, the esthetic buccal flap (EBF), aimed at overcoming this potential problem while maintaining the optimal esthetic appearance. METHODS: Five consecutively EBF-treated patients with simultaneous implant placement were included in this pilot case study. Clinical measurements were taken at the time of prosthesis insertion and 6 and 12 months after surgery. These included soft tissue height, papillae appearance, scar appearance, and mid-buccal probing depth. RESULTS: Data obtained from this pilot case study showed that soft tissue height was preserved, and papillae appearance remained the same as at presurgery. No scar tissue was reported in any cases. Mid-buccal probing depths remained consistent throughout the study. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EBF, together with simultaneously guided bone augmentation, allows clinicians to correct apical buccal fenestration defects while maintaining the supraosseous soft tissue during flapless immediate implant surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The effects of loading time on osseointegration and new bone formation around dental implants: a histologic and histomorphometric study in dogs.

BACKGROUND: Immediate loading of dental implants has been introduced as a method of reducing implant treatment time without compromising its prognosis. In this research, the effects of loading time on the amount of bone-to-implant contact and bone formation around dental implants were evaluated histologically. METHODS: Three months prior to implantation, the lower premolar teeth of 15 dogs were extracted. Three or four dental implants were placed in the healed extraction sites for each dog (N = 48). Dividing the dogs into three groups, the implants were either loaded 48 hours or 1 week later with metallic or prefabricated acrylic crowns or were left unloaded until the time of sacrifice. Three months after implant insertion, the animals were sacrificed and samples were investigated to define the amount of bone-to-implant contact, lamellar and woven bone percentage, and local inflammation of the newly formed bone. RESULTS: No significant difference in the observed criteria was reported among the three groups (P >0.05); however, the unloaded group had the highest degree of bone-to-implant contact and the group loaded 48 hours after the primary implant insertion had the least. The prosthesis type had no significant effect on the implant success rate (P >0.05). The lamellar and woven bone percentage of newly formed bone also did not differ in the three groups (P >0.05). One implant from each group failed in this study. CONCLUSION: Loading time does not seem to significantly affect the degree of osseointegration and bone-to-implant contact and the composition of newly formed bone around dental implants.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2006

Interdisciplinary treatment of an adult patient with old extraction sites.

This case report describes the interdisciplinary treatment of a 31-year-old female patient showing a protrusive profile, maxillary constriction, mandibular crowding, a Class III canine relationship complicated with multiple missing teeth, old atrophic extraction sites, and periodontal defects. The lower dental arch irregularity was eliminated by air-rotor stripping (ARS). The upper extraction site was opened for prosthetic rehabilitation, whereas closure of the lower extraction space was preferred. The narrow alveolar crest of the atrophic bone was augmented with the use of autogenous bone, beta-tricalcium phosphate (Cerasorb), and autogenous platelet-rich plasma. A functional and esthetic occlusion in an improved facial profile was established at the end of orthodontic treatment combined with ARS technique, surgery, and prosthodontics.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Biocompatibility of natural latex implanted into dental alveolus of rats.

The present study investigated the biocompatibility of a biopolymer based on vegetable latex extracted from the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree, implanted into the bony alveolar cavity after dental extraction in rats. A granule of latex (area = 0.25 +/- 0.04 mm(2)) was implanted inside the alveolus immediately after extraction of the upper right incisor, and the animals were sacrificed 7, 21 and 42 days after the procedure. The hemi-maxillas were decalcified and processed for embedding in paraffin to obtain semi-serial longitudinal sections 5 mum thick, and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The latex granule was observed in the cervical third of the alveolus without any foreign body reaction, or persistence of the initial acute inflammatory reaction. Bone repair in the areas adjacent to the material was quantified, and a decrease was noted in the thickness of the fibrous capsule surrounding the implants from 92.8 +/- 9.3 microm on day 7 to 9.4 +/- 1.8 microm on day 42 (ANOVA, P = 0.01). The quantitative data confirmed acceleration of bone formation (statistically significant at 5%) in parallel with a decrease of connective tissue in the areas around the implants. These results show that the tested material is biologically compatible, and progressively integrated into the alveolar bone, simultaneously accelerating bone formation and playing an important role in the healing process.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMed2005

Influence of cortical bone quality on stress distribution in bone around dental implant.

Using finite element method (FEM), this study sought to investigate how the thickness and Young's modulus of cortical bone influenced stress distribution in bone surrounding a dental implant. The finite element implant-bone model consisted of a titanium abutment, a titanium fixture, a gold alloy retaining screw, cancellous bone, and cortical bone. The results showed that von Mises equivalent stress was at its maximum in the cortical bone surrounding dental implant. Upon investigation, it was found that maximum von Mises equivalent stress in bone decreased as cortical bone thickness increased. On the other hand, maximum von Mises equivalent stress in bone increased as Young's modulus of cortical bone increased. In conclusion, it was confirmed that von Mises equivalent stress was sensitive to the thickness and Young's modulus of cortical bone.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Single-tooth replacement in the aesthetic zone with immediate provisionalization: fourteen consecutive case reports.

The concept of osseointegration has been the subject of numerous investigations since it was originally introduced by Brånemark. Researchers have attempted to further define and modify the surgical protocol for implant therapy, and have altered the length of healing, implant design, and the time of fixture placement in attempts to improve the efficacy and predictability of this restorative modality. This article demonstrates the use of an immediate placement procedure for restoring single teeth in the aesthetic zone, focusing on the maintenance of the hard and soft tissues in the region.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of a new polytetrafluoroethylene guided tissue regeneration membrane in healing extraction sites.

The biological principles underlying guided tissue regeneration (GTR) are apparently well understood, and many of the molecular events involved in bone regeneration are being investigated. Much controversy exists, however, as to which membrane biomaterial is ideal for use in these procedures. Adding to the confusion, new applications of GTR membranes continue to evolve, such as extraction site reconstruction, implant site development, ridge augmentation, and the use of membranes in conjunction with the placement of dental implants. These innovative techniques place demands on the membrane that were unforeseen when the first generation of devices was developed. The present study suggests that the ideal design characteristics of a barrier membrane, such as pore size and polymer type, may depend on the intended use of the membrane, and are not fixed criteria that should be applied to all membrane devices. This article describes the clinical results in a series of case studies using a high-density, microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (Cytoplast Regentex GBR-200a). To evaluate the clinical efficacy of this membrane and technique, clinical and histological evaluation of the regenerated tissue are presented.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of combinations of titanium, zirconia, and alumina implants with 2 bone fillers in the dog.

The quality of the tissue-implant interface was evaluated using light and scanning electron microscopy with morphometric analysis. Nine dogs were implanted with 3 types of dental implants (titanium, zirconia, or alumina). A total of 24 dental implants was placed in mandibular bone previously filled with coral carbonate calcium (corail) or hydroxyapatite. The study results in breaking the concept of osseointegration into 2 phases: "osseocoaptation," which concerns only the interface (physical contact between the implants and the bone without interpenetration process), and "osseocoalescence," which relies on an interpenetration of the bioactive material, which almost entirely disappears, being substituted by newly formed bone. There was no significant statistical difference between the 3 types of implants. Both fillings showed good ossecoalescence properties. However, hydroxyapatite led to fibrous encystment, preventing osseocoaptation of implants. In contrast with calcium carbonate filling.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma rich in growth factors: preliminary results of use in the preparation of future sites for implants.

This article presents preliminary clinical evidence of the beneficial effect of the use of plasma rich in growth factors of autologous origin. The plasma is obtained from the individual patient by plasmapheresis. The macroscopic and microscopic results obtained with bone regeneration using this technique, which uses no membrane or barrier, can be observed. The incorporation of these concepts can introduce several advantages, including the enhancement and acceleration of bone regeneration and more rapid and predictable soft tissue healing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sinus floor augmentation at the time of maxillary molar extraction: technique and report of preliminary results.

A technique is described for accomplishing both localized sinus augmentation and guided bone regeneration at the time of maxillary molar extraction. One hundred nine sites were treated in 92 patients. Of these, 102 procedures (94.0%) were successful and 7 (6.0%) were partially successful. Success was defined as the ability to ideally position an implant at least 10 mm in length and 4.8 mm in width without perforating the floor of the sinus or generating an implant fenestration or dehiscence. Partially successful procedures required an additional osteotome sinus lift at the time of implant placement.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Bone structure and implantological significance of the periapical area].

The precise and more detailed structural topography of the periapical area of mandibular bones is largely unknown. The author reports his observations and test results related to the above area with special emphasis on their implantological significance. The decrease in the number of the so called trajectorium perialveolare i.e. the fine, elastic, radially organised bone trabecula, constituting the processus alveolaris, leads to the decrease of the mandibular bone-mass and the disintegration of the mandibular bone structure. The present publication aims to attract the stomatologists' attention to the importance and maintenance of the trajectorium perialveolare.

Dental Implantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aesthetic management of extractions for implant site development: delayed versus staged implant placement.

Resorption of the dentoalveolar bone and collapse of the gingival ridge following tooth loss often results in aesthetic compromise and inadequate bone for "prosthetically driven" implant placement. Preventing alveolar bone resorption with a conservative procedure at the time of extraction can enhance aesthetics and reduce the duration and extent of treatment required for implant placement. This article describes the aesthetic management of extraction sites using a conservative bone grafting procedure at the time of extraction for implant site development. The case presented demonstrates staged and delayed implant placement techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Immediate implant placement and GBR in humans: a case report and histologic evaluation.

An IMZ titanium plasma-sprayed implant was placed at the time of removal of a fractured mandibular left first premolar. Porous hydroxyapatite (Interpore 200) was placed on one side of the residual defect around the implant, and the entire defect was covered with a Gore-Tex membrane. The implant, with surrounding newly reformed hard tissues, was removed in a block section 13 months postoperative. Histologic examination demonstrated regeneration of living bone tissues, the attainment of osseointegration, and incorporation of the Interpore 200 into surrounding bone.

Adult↗