Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Silver Staining”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Characteristics of the silver-stained nucleoli in blast elements of various diameters from patients with acute leukemia].

Using silver staining, a study was made of the activity of ribosomal cistrons (RC) in proliferating and non-proliferating subpopulations of bone marrow and peripheral blood blasts, taken from 33 patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia and from 17 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. All the blasts including non-proliferating ones were revealed to synthesize ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The RC activity of large blasts was higher than that of small ones. A significant difference (P less than 0.01) in RC activity between lymphoid and non-lymphoid blasts was found. The relation between nucleolar organizer activity of blasts and their proliferating potentials is discussed, in addition to a possibility for practical use of the above mentioned data.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1977

Association of nucleolus organizer chromosomes in domestic sheep (Ovis aries) shown by silver staining.

The nucleolus organizer regions of domestic sheep (Ovis aries), as shown by silver staining, are located terminally on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 25. Significant differences between individuals in the number of Ag-NORs per cell were found. The frequency of involvement of individual chromosome pairs in nucleolar organization was found to be a characteristic of individual animals. Association frequencies of individual chromosomes were accounted for by their frequency of participation in nucleolar organization. No evidence for nonrandom association of chromosome pairs was found.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Silver staining for elucidation of the synlophe in trichostrongyle nematodes.

Staining techniques are relatively rare in the study of parasitic nematodes. A novel silver-staining method is described for elucidation of the synlophe (a system of longitudinal cuticular ridges), a character of great systematic importance among the trichostrongyloid nematodes. Ridges are stained optically black and appear in great contrast to the body of the nematode. This method augments current use of interference contrast for examination of the synlophe. Detailed studies of the configuration of the synlophe in entire specimens are possible with standard light microscopy for the first time.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with silver staining using the PhastSystem.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, which sometimes occurs after skull trauma, is a life-threatening condition. A prompt start with antibiotics and/or prompt surgical treatment of fistulas is essential to avoid severe complications. This requires a fast and reliable method for detecting CSF leakage. This paper describes a fast (< 2 h) method based on the identification of the tau protein (beta 2-transferrin) band(s). Tau protein is a brain-specific variant of transferrin that is characteristic of CSF. The method includes iso-electric focusing (IEF) on pre-cast polyacrylamide gels and silver staining using the PhastSystem, an automated instrument for electrophoresis and staining. In the present study, this technology was applied on 200 consecutive CSF samples, 32 of which were from healthy volunteers. Tau protein was detected in all CSF samples but 5 (2.5%), all of which were from patients with blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. In these cases, the tau protein band was indistinct when direct silver staining was used. Therefore, immunofixation with an antitransferrin antibody was performed, and after that the tau protein band was easy to detect. The specificity of the method was high, since no brain-specific tau protein band was detected in serum, tears, saliva, or nasal secretion. As IEF of CSF using the PhastSystem is increasingly used as the routine method for detection of oligoclonal bands of IgG in neurological disorders, it could readily be used in the clinical (neuro) chemical laboratory also for the less frequent cases of suspected CSF leakage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Study of mRNA expression of Arabidopsis thaliana under stimulation using modified differential display RT-PCR with silver staining.

We studied differential expressions of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings under sound stimulation using modified differential display RT-PCR with silver staining in this paper. Six differentially expressed cDNA fragments were obtained. Molecular weight of fragments was between 200 and 600 bp, respectively. On the base of the experimentation, we considered sound stress would have been a positive or negative influence on plant growth. The experimental results indicated some genes was activated, meanwhile some were restrained under after stimulation under sound stress.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1990

The immunogold-silver staining approach in the study of lymphocyte subpopulations in transmission electron microscopy.

The potential of immunogold-silver staining has been evaluated in immunoelectron microscopic studies of human normal peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations. The cells were labeled, before being embedded in resin, using 5 nm colloidal gold particles and this was followed by silver enhancement. The use of colloidal gold particles permits detection of small amounts of antigen; the silver intensification forms a sphere of heavy metal around the gold granule giving rise to an ultrastructural marker which can be easily seen even at low magnification. The ultrastructural details of the cells were well preserved and there was no significant background staining. The major advantage of the present IGS technique is that it permits a rapid and simultaneous evaluation of both the immunophenotype and the ultrastructural characteristics of cells.

Gold↗
PubMed1988

Morphofunctional characteristics of silver-stained nucleoli of tumor cells in a patient with dimorphous pulmonary carcinoma.

The first detailed description of morphofunctional characteristics of silver-stained nucleoli of tumor cells in a patient with dimorphous pulmonary carcinoma is presented. The article deals with the problems of heterogeneity of tumor cells in respect to nucleolus apparatus. Possible mechanisms that underlie the enlargement of nucleoli of tumor cells and activation of their ribosomal DNA are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sequential estimation of nuclear DNA and silver staining of nucleoli in plant cells.

A method for sequential estimation of nuclear DNA and silver staining of nucleoli in plant cells is described. Feulgen staining is done first and nuclear DNA estimated by absorption cytophotometry. Following this, the slides are stained with AgNO3. The method has been used to study the process of nucleolar fusion in garlic (Allium sativum L.) meristem root tip cells. It was found that during interphase nucleoli rarely fused, thus most fusion must have occurred before the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed1992

Electrophoresis and silver staining of rat urinary proteins including alpha 2u-globulin (rat n II).

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining have been used to monitor the fractionation of rat urinary proteins by Amicon Centriprep C30/C10 ultrafiltration and to assess the purification of alpha 2u-globulin, a laboratory animal allergen, precipitated by exhaustive dialysis. Factors influencing the protein composition of rat urine have been identified. Dialysis procedures have been evaluated for precipitation of alpha 2u-globulin and ultrafiltration used for further purification of the allergen.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed2002

Degeneration of Pick bodies visualized by methenamine-silver staining and immunohistochemistry.

The degeneration process of Pick's bodies (PB) was investigated using methenamine-silver (MS) staining and immunohistochemistry. Methenamine-silver staining sensitively detected extracellular PB as well as intracellular PB in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus. Extracellular PB appeared as granular masses with ill-defined boundaries in the neuropil. For MS electron microscopy, the extracellular PB were composed of randomly oriented fibrillary components measuring 9-12 nm in diameter with astroglial processes and degenerated organelles. Tau immunoreactivity of extracellular PB was reduced or abolished. These findings indicate that MS staining is a convenient method for detecting extracellular PB. In addition, it was shown that microglial involvement was associated with PB-bearing neurons at the late stage of the degeneration process and that extracellular PB remained in the neuropil with astroglial reaction.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Optimized differential display and reamplification parameters for silver staining.

Differential display (DD) is a powerful instrument to detect differences in gene expression of malignant and normal cells. An optimized silver staining protocol was used to compare mRNA expression of keratinocytes and squamous cell carcinoma cells of the head and neck. Optimal concentration for upstream and downstream primer was 0.2 microM. Best primer concentrations for reamplification were between 40 and 60 pM. With this optimized protocol nearly 50 differentially expressed transcripts have been identified and differential display can be applied safer, easier, and faster, than by radioactive labeling.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

Heterochromatin diversity and cyclic responses to selective silver staining in Aedes aegypti (L.).

In interphase cells of Aedes aegypti (L.) (2n = 4+ XX/XY), only the nucleolus responded to selective silver staining. The secondary constriction on chromosome 3 remained unresponsive at all times but the six centromeres were identified throughout mitosis from early prophase as well as those stages of meiosis subsequent to diplotene. The centromeric blocks were not synonymous with the pericentric heterochromatin revealed by C-banding. X chromosomes without an intercalary C-band were newly discovered in Ae. aegypti in the Bangalore strain. Sequential Q- or Hoechst 33258/C-banding in this and the Trinidad-30 strain revealed intercalary heterochromatin diversity within and between strains and also differences between intercalary and pericentric heterochromatin.

Aedes↗
PubMed1986

Mechanism studies of coomassie blue and silver staining of proteins.

A relatively high complexation affinity has been found for coomassie blue G-250 and the following amino acids: arginine; tyrosine; lysine; and histidine. A linear relationship was observed between log molar absorptivity and log molecular weight of 52 of 69 proteins, polypeptides, and di- and tripeptides that were allowed to react with coomassie blue G-250 in solution. The solution complexation results were used in a study of the detection of the following model proteins: bovine serum albumin, lysozyme, recombinant DNA derived human insulin, and calmodulin. Interactions between coomassie blue stained gels and silver detection reagents were determined and used as the basis for studies of enhanced sensitivity of detection of electrophoretically developed proteins. Sensitivity enhancements of up to eight-fold were observed when various sulfonic acid dye complexed proteins were detected with silver reagents versus the use of silver reagents alone. A site-directed nucleation of silver caused by the protein complexed sulfonic acid dyes is proposed as a mechanism for the observed enhancements.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Identification of pericytes in the central nervous system by silver staining of the basal lamina.

Vibratome sections obtained from perfusion-fixed rat brains were stained by means of silver impregnation and physical development according to Gallyas (1970). Small pieces of the cerebral cortex were postfixed with buffered osmium tetroxide solution and processed for electron microscopy to examine the localization of the silver deposit at the cellular level. The cell surfaces of pericytes and smooth muscle cells were completely outlined by silver grains. Endothelial cells and perivascular astrocytes, however, showed an asymmetric distribution of the silver deposit, i.e., the deposit was restricted to the abluminal endothelial surface and to the astrocytic membrane adjacent to the vessel wall, respectively. The method allowed a clear-cut distinction between perikarya of endothelial cells and pericytes as well as glial cells in perivascular position, even at the light-microscopic level.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Computer-aided image analysis applied to immunogold-silver staining: evaluation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-reactive sites in paraffin sections.

Feasibility of the combination of the immunogold-silver staining method (IGSS) and computer-aided image analysis was assessed for the detection of antigen in an immunostained, paraffin-embedded section. Using low-temperature IGSS, we stained a specimen of human oral squamous cell carcinoma with a monoclonal antibody, PC 10, against a proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin), and the section was analyzed by ACAS 570 interactive laser cytometry. The PCNA-positive cells, exhibiting a heteromorphic texture, were contrasted by the dark staining of their nuclei, but showed heterogeneity in staining intensity from cell to cell. Using a conventional microscope light source rather than a laser, and by employing the COMPLEMENT DATA program (which permits inversion of the data values) installed in the ACAS 570 software system, we were able to obtain a 'complemental image' which replicated the real immunohisto-morphology. Approximately 30-35 cells from three different areas in the same section were selected by DEFINE CELL and MARK AREA programs, and quantitative image analysis was performed in terms of cell integrated value, area, perimeter, and shape factor indicated in histogram form. The combined utilization of IGSS with computer-aided image analysis was demonstrated to offer a crucial advantage for the quantitative assessment of immunostained sections.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Non-isotopic procedure with silver staining of polyacrylamide gels in detection of genomic abnormalities in tumors using microsatellites.

Microsatellite-based PCR (polymerase chain reaction) with silver staining of polyacrylamide gels as an alternative approach to detect genomic abnormalities in tumors has been developed. In experiments with a series of primers for microsatellite sequences located on human chromosome 5 we found that a 2- to 4-fold increase or decrease in the ratio of amount of allelic microsatellite sequences can be reliably assessed from the relative intensity of corresponding PCR products. Results of the studies of renal carcinoma cell lines carrying increased or decreased numbers of specific allelic markers on chromosome 5 assessed by cytogenetics, Southern blotting-restriction fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite analyses were consistent. Microsatellite studies performed on samples obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival material allowed detection of genomic abnormalities of chromosome 5 in five of ten primary renal cell carcinomas.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Optimal visualization of immunogold-silver staining of hepatic PEPCK with epipolarized light microscopy.

We used immunogold-silver staining to localize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in 10 microns cryosections of 4% paraformaldehyde perfusion-fixed normal male rat liver. The resolution and sensitivity of detection were improved by epipolarized light microscopy of 0.5 microns semi-thin plastic sections prepared from these pre-embedding immunogold-silver-enhanced 10-microns thick cryosections. Epipolarized light combined with transmitted light simultaneously demonstrated antigenic sites (visualized with epipolarized light illumination) and tissue morphology (revealed by transmitted light). To optimize the conditions for high resolution, an oil immersion objective lens (x 100) with adjustable iris diaphragm was used with different intensity settings for both light sources. Our observations indicate that if the intensity of the transmitted light is too high, the visibility of the gold-cored silver grains by epipolarized illumination is decreased; if the intensity of epipolarized light is too strong, haloes appear around the gold-cored silver particles. By adjusting the aperture in the objective lens and the neutral density filter in the transmitted light pathway to balance the intensities of transmitted and epipolarized light, an optimal image is obtained that shows the maximal number of antigenic sites and excellent morphology.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Electron-microscopic study of silver staining of nucleoli in growing oocytes of rat ovaries.

The nucleoli of dictyate-stage growing oocytes in rat ovaries were examined both with routine electron microscopy and electron microscopy after silver nitrate and ammoniacal silver nitrate (Ag-AS) staining. The nucleoli of the unilaminar follicular oocytes consist of twisted strands of dense fibrillar components, aggregates of granular components, and small fibrillar centers. After Ag-AS staining, silver grains are numerous on the dense fibrillar strands, fewer on the fibrillar centers, and very sporadic on the granular aggregates. The same stainability of three nucleolar components with the Ag-AS method was also confirmed in the nucleoli segregated by actinomycin D. During the transition of growing oocytes from bilaminar to plurilaminar follicle stage, the nucleolar dense fibrillar strands gradually conglomerate and are transformed into large and compact spherules. The stainability of dense fibrillar components with the Ag-AS method was lost along with this nucleolar transformation. These results may provide some new clues on the functional significance of Ag-AS-positive proteins in the nucleoli.

Animals↗