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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Possibilities of sonography in the diagnosis of instabilities of the shoulder joint].

We present ultrasound investigation as a diagnostic tool for shoulder instability. The following structures are visible in the posterior transversal plane: subcutis, deltoid muscle, infraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus tendon, humeral head, scapula, dorsal glenoid rim, dorsal labrum, and the joint capsule. The relation of the humeral head to the glenoid can be judged statically and dynamically. Anterior and posterior instabilities and secondary signs of dislocation such as Hill-Sachs lesion and effusion can be seen. This technique is easy to learn. By comparing the injured with the normal shoulder the examiner can control his diagnosis. There is no need for positioning the patient in a special way. Sonographic evaluation is non-invasive and inexpensive.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of osteochondrosis in the equine shoulder joint.

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and subchondral cyst-like lesions in 13 shoulders of 11 horses were treated arthroscopically by curettage and lavage. Lameness decreased in all 11 horses. Nine horses were sound, five of them athletically sound, after 5 to 20 months. Complications included the development of subchondral cyst-like lesions and signs of degenerative joint disease. Arthroscopic surgery of the equine shoulder can be done through two portals, one for the arthroscope and one for an instrument. A few hand instruments such as a probe, Ferris-Smith rongeurs, and small, large, and right-angled curettes are needed to debride most lesions. Motorized equipment can expedite the process.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Imaging of degenerative and posttraumatic disease in the shoulder joint with ultrasound.

This article reviews the examination technique of shoulder ultrasound, normal and abnormal ultrasound findings in acute (posttraumatic) and chronic (degenerative) lesions. Moreover, it reviews the effectiveness of ultrasound in relation to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Most authors report that full-thickness tears of the supraspinatus can reliably be diagnosed by ultrasound. However, the simple diagnosis of a full-thickness rotator cuff tear is no longer sufficient for surgical management. The precise localization and size of rotator cuff tears as well as the extent of muscle degeneration is important for surgical planning. For this aspect and for partial-thickness tears of the supraspinatus, for subscapularis lesions as well as for lesions of the long biceps tendons there is no consensus regarding the diagnostic value of ultrasound. To the present, ultrasound (contrary to MR imaging) has failed to demonstrate that it consistently influences the clinician's degree of confidence in the clinical diagnosis or the treatment plan. Therefore, some orthopedic surgeons prefer MR imaging to ultrasound in the evaluation of rotator cuff tears and other abnormalities of the glenohumeral joint. Moreover, MR imaging, especially when combined with arthrography, represents a one-step investigation, which not only allows for assessment of rotator cuff lesion but also of lesions of the labrum (Bankart lesions, SLAP lesions), the joint capsule and the biceps tendon. It also demonstrates muscle atrophy, which represents an important predictor of surgical outcome in rotator cuff repair.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

[Methods for the surgical treatment of postburn contractures of the shoulder joint].

Based on their experience with the treatment of 93 patients with postburn adduction contracture of the shoulder the authors propose a classification related with localization of scars. Marginal contractures are successfully treated by plasty with a trapezoid skin-fat flap from the axillary cavity with/without a combination with the displacement of scarry tissues or free skin plasty; the medial contracture--by one or several pairs of trapezoid skin-fat flaps cut from leaves on the sides of the scar fold; the total contracture with the absence of intact skin in adjacent fields can be adequately eliminated by mobilization a quadrangular island in projection of the dropped axillary cavity to the normal level of the cupola, fixation of narrow sides to the wound margins on the anterior and posterior surface of the humeral articulation and closure of wounds on the shoulder and chest with the splitted skin; the anterior-posterior contracture is eliminated either in the same way as the marginal one, or by cutting a quadrangular flap in the center of the axillary cavity as in the total contracture.

Burns↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of anterior instability of the shoulder joint].

In the article are presented data on the operative treatment of 52 patients (54 operations) with anterior instability of the arm joints. Patients have been distributed into 4 groups depending upon the character of intra-articular damages, revealed in the process of arthrotomy. Each group of patients was subjected to adequate operative intervention, based upon Bankart's method. The authors proceeded from the principle that the arm joint instability treatment should be aimed at removal of intra-articular damages. There have been restored integrity of the damaged cartilage cushion and the joint capsule, the capsule plasty and blocking of the anteroinferior joint sinus. The treatment tactics of the kind allowed to achieve the maximum stability of the arm joint and prevent postoperative recurrencies. Long-term results have been studied with 41 patient, no recurrencies have been noted. The operated limb function has been restored with the majority of the patients.

Arthrodesis↗