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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Time course of action and recovery of rocuronium bromide in children during halothane anaesthesia--a preliminary report.

In this preliminary study, two groups of 15 patients, aged 1-4 years and 5-10 years respectively, received one of four doses of rocuronium (0.12, 0.17, 0.22 or 0.27 mg kg-1) and when block was maximal a supplementary dose to bring them all to a total of 0.5 mg kg-1. In half the patients, the block was reversed with atropine and neostigmine at a T1 recovery of 25%. The remainder were allowed to recover spontaneously. The total dose produced a block of 95-100% in all patients. The clinical duration of action was shorter under halothane anaesthesia in children (mean 15 min approximately) than has previously been reported in adults under intravenous anesthesia. Mean spontaneous recovery time from T1 25% to a train-of-four ratio of 0.7 was about 11 min. Neostigmine doubled the rate of recovery. There was a moderate increase in heart rate in the younger age range.

Androstanols↗
PubMed1994

Rocuronium bromide and organ function.

Neuromuscular blocking drugs can be divided into those that are: (i) excreted entirely by the kidney; (ii) predominantly by the kidney but also by the liver; (iii) mainly by the liver but also by the kidney or; (iv) removed by other metabolic pathways. Rocuronium is mainly excreted by the liver and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in humans suggest that its duration of action may be prolonged to a greater extent in patients with hepatic disease than in patients with renal disease. The effect is likely to be modest and not a contra-indication to its use.

Androstanols↗
PubMed1994

An overview of the pharmacology of rocuronium bromide in experimental animals.

In various animal species anaesthetized with a-chloralose (cats and pigs) or pentobarbitone (Beagle dogs and Rhesus monkeys), rocuronium has been shown to be a readily reversible, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with a similar duration of action as vecuronium but a 6-10 fold lower potency. The outstanding features of its action is rapidity of onset. It is not expected to have any marked cardiovascular or autonomic side-effects when used in the neuromuscular blocking dose range. There is no evidence of any selective pre-junctional effect and there is no clinically relevant inhibition of acetycholinesterase. Screening in rats has not demonstrated any oestrogenic, androgenic, anabolic, glucocorticoid-like or gonad-inhibiting properties, although there was a slight increase in pituitary weight in male rats.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1995

Rocuronium with alfentanil and propofol allows intubation within 45 seconds.

Following induction with alfentanil (20 micrograms kg-1) and propofol (2.0-2.5 mg kg-1), four groups of patients were given rocuronium to determine conditions for rapid sequence intubation. Two groups received 0.9 mg kg-1 and two groups received 0.6 mg kg-1. In one of each dose groups, intubation was attempted after 45 s and in the other after 60 s. Intubating conditions were scored on a four point scale but all were rated as excellent or good. Almost all intubating conditions were excellent in the 0.9 mg kg-1 groups.

Androstanols↗
PubMed1995

The effect of dose and the rate of stimulation on the action of rocuronium.

We studied the effect of administering multiples of the ED90 dose of rocuronium on the onset, duration and recovery index of neuromuscular block. The effect on onset time differed from that reported using train-of-four stimulation. This led us to investigate the effect of increasing the rate of ulnar nerve stimulation 10-fold. This resulted in an approximately 50% reduction in the time to complete block.

Androstanols↗
PubMed1995

Onset time and evaluation of intubating conditions: rocuronium in perspective.

The customary methods for assessment of intubating conditions, namely the onset time in the adductor pollicis muscle and qualitative rating scales of the conditions at intubation, are unsatisfactory. The onset time of neuromuscular block in the adductor pollicis is not a meaningful, quantifiable endpoint, defining optimal intubating conditions. Consequently, its meticulous recording in all studies is probably obsolete. Qualitative rating scales are very subjective and a single standardized qualitative rating scale for the assessment of intubating conditions is required in order to improve the comparability of data from various studies. Clinical studies simulating rapid sequence induction in elective patients indicate that rocuronium 0.9 mg kg-1 may be suitable for crash intubation. This, however, needs to be confirmed in emergency cases.

Androstanols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rocuronium and cisatracurium.

Rocuronium and cisatracurium are the two most recent muscle relaxant additions to our pharmacopocia. These two drugs are significant advances and are likely to have an increasingly important role in clinical anaesthesia in the future.

Androstanols↗