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PubMed2001

The image of the nursing profession as perceived by the community members of three adjacent residential areas of Empangeni in KwaZulu-Natal.

The study was undertaken out of concern that nurses and the nursing profession project a negative image to the public they serve. Diverse aspects of nursing examined in this study included standards or quality of nursing care and its influence on encouraging clients to utilise health care services, communication, attitudes, expertise, availability at all times and patients'/clients' participation in decision-making. Nurses are part of the communities they serve. The rationale for the study was that nurses should be alert to perceptions of the communities about the service they provide, whether expressed formally or informally. Survival of nursing as a profession is dependent upon the positive impact it has on consumers in the past, present and the future. The aim of the study was to discover, through a systematic, scientific inquiry, the positive and negative perceptions that communities have about nursing. An exploratory, descriptive study was done in KwaZulu-Natal on a sample of 50 participants from three adjacent historically Black residential areas (townships) using questionnaires. Findings of the study were contrary to the assumption that nursing has a negative image. All aspects except one were rated very good or good by the majority of the participants. Those who had negative perceptions, though in the minority, highlighted important reasons directed at both the authorities and the nurses. These were used as a basis for recommendations for further improvement of the image of nursing. The area of gross dissatisfaction among the majority was feeling unsafe with nurses getting increasingly involved in unionism, which would lead to abandonment of patients in times of industrial action.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology as a profession: contribution of undergraduate training on choice of career among final year students of a medical school in north central Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: The choice of pathology as a profession by would be resident doctors, will, to a large extent depend on the amount of knowledge acquired on the subject at the undergraduate level. METHODS: A questionnaire was self administered to final year medical students of University of Jos shortly after the completion of the final written paper in medicine in September 2005; meant to elicit their views on choosing patology as a profession after graduation. RESULTS: Eighty-five students enrolled comprising 65 (76.5%) males and 20 (23.5%) females Ninety six percent of the students were between 26 and 30 years. Those who found Pathology interesting were 76.5%; 18.8% picked pathology as their career of first choice after graduation 5.9%, 3.5% and 5.9% as 2nd, 3rd and 10th choices repectively. Among the pathology disciplines, 8.2%, 4.7%, 3.5% and 2.4% would specialize in Histopathology, Haematology, Chemical Pathology and Medical Microbiology respectively. The students generally complained of inadequate time and exposure during the postings as well as the difficulty in understanding Medical Microbiology. CONCLUSION: More time should be allocated to the teaching of Pathology at the undergraduate level. Learning enhancing aids should be introduced such as: regular practical demonstrations, audio-visual teaching aids, computer assisted programs and the establishment of pathology museums in the medical schools across the country.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cigarette smoking and the Australian medical profession.

The smoking habits, attitudes and associated actions of Australian doctors and their organizations are reviewed historically in the light of the medical profession's responsibilities in this area of public health. The proportion of Australian doctors who smoke has fallen to very low levels by community standards; doctors virtually are in total agreement about the disease effects of smoking; and they have taken many extraordinary actions over recent decades to encourage the necessary public-health measures. In spite of a major reduction over all in smoking in recent years, the present proportion of Australians who smoke demands the medical profession's continuing effort to discourage smoking in the community.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1995

The role of the physician and the medical profession in the prevention of international torture and in the treatment of its survivors. American College of Physicians.

The prevention of torture and the treatment of survivors are issues that concern an increasing number of physicians in their daily work. Every day, thousands of men, women, and children are subjected to violence and are forced to flee their homelands. There are more than 18 million refugees in the world and hundreds of thousands of persons seeking asylum, many of them in the United States. Physicians are often the first to interview these victims of abuse. Torture has serious and long-lasting health consequences. Thus, physicians can play a key role in documenting and preventing many forms of abuse and in treating survivors. In some areas, physicians may become the targets of arrest because of their work as clinicians or as influential members of their communities. They may also face disturbing ethical dilemmas as they witness torture or its results. As members of the medical profession, physicians have an obligation to their peers around the world. This report reviews the current state of physicians' involvement in the prevention of international torture and in the treatment of its victims. We propose ways in which physicians can become involved by caring for survivors of torture and by providing expert testimony on behalf of victims who seek asylum. We discuss how the medical profession complements the efforts of individual physicians by providing an infrastructure to support and guide their work. Medical organizations can adopt and disseminate ethical principles that specifically address human rights and their violation. They can coordinate letter-writing networks for human rights, organize or sponsor fact-finding missions, and develop continuing medical education courses on topics such as the identification and treatment of victims of torture. We conclude that physicians can make a difference, both as clinicians and as advocates for the health of the public and the protection of the human rights. The American College of Physicians will continue to advocate for the rights of persons and communities to live in dignity and peace, free of the fear of unjust imprisonment or torture.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nursing and leadership: a personal view from outside the profession.

Following identification of some key concepts in leadership, the structure of the nursing profession is approached via class, gender, culture, practice, education and industrial features. While the need for micro-level leadership is identified, it is argued that major opportunities exist in restructuring nursing's educational bases and practice organisation, supported by mastery of industrial matters. Unification of the profession is necessary to achieve a higher profile and greater respect.

Australia↗
PubMed1995

Residency training--the profession's forge for leadership development.

The concept of leadership may be the most widely studied and least understood topic in the domain of social services. Leadership has been described as a major force in the profession's transition to pharmaceutical care and effective program development. Pharmacy practice residency programs are a major means of developing and sustaining leadership for the growth of the profession. Three concepts that are explored include: (1) some insight into noncognitive elements of residency training that are critical to the development of professional practice, (2) analysis of leadership perceived to be critical for pharmacists, and (3) a definition of how residency training can develop professional leaders to meet the challenges for pharmacy.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed1996

Gender differences in managerial characteristics in a female-dominated health profession.

This study examines gender differences in characteristics of managers in terms of leadership roles, use of power, type of supervisory style preferred, career commitment, and work/family conflict for the female profession of physical therapy. A questionnaire sent to all members of the Private Practice and Administration Sections of the American Physical Therapy Association yielded 545 managers, 58 percent of whom were female. Females preferred to use a transformational supervisory style more than the men did but males used more masculine leadership traits. Females were as committed to their careers as males and reported the same work/family conflict as the men. These results raise questions as to why proportionately more males are managers in a female-dominated profession. Have health care executives promoted men over women even when the occupation is mainly female?

Career Mobility↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perspectives on the physiotherapy profession: a survey of Canadian Physiotherapy Association members.

This study was designed to assess the professional satisfaction of a national sample of physiotherapists, all members of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association (CPA). A questionnaire was sent to 984 CPA members; 82.1% responded. Rather than analyzing the satisfaction items separately, the investigators used factor analysis to search for underlying structures in the responses. The principal component analysis indicated that there were four discrete patterns of covariation in the responses, and the resulting factors were labelled "professional interests," "patient care", "supervision" and "work conditions", in accordance with the content of the items grouped into each factor. The combination of these cores plus the results of a global ranking of the profession indicated a consistently high level of overall satisfaction on the part of the CPA therapists. As for characteristics and career patterns, the female CPA members appeared to move in an out of professional practice while the male members pursued careers. The reasons for the low level of professional satisfaction on the part of an albeit small minority of physiotherapists were found to be associated with dissatisfaction with working conditions. Further research is required to relate physiotherapists' satisfaction with their profession to their career decisions.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1984

Grants for various health professions projects--PHS. Final regulations.

These regulations govern grants to public or nonprofit private entities for various health professions projects authorized under section 788(b) of the Public Health Service Act. The specific types of health professions projects for which support will be available will be announced from time to time in the Federal Register.

Health Occupations↗
PubMed1988

Health Professions Student Loan program--PHS. Final regulations.

This rule revises existing regulations governing the Health Professions Student Loan (HPSL) program to implement amendments made to the Public Health Service Act (the Act) by the Health Professions Training Assistance Act of 1985, to clarify the definition of "default," add a paragraph on reallocation of funds, and establish hearing procedures. Also, this rule incorporates an update of the definition of exceptional financial need used for determining eligibility for students of medicine and osteopathic medicine, and to require schools to verify information provided by the student on the loan application.

Health Occupations↗
PubMed1989

Preparing women for the profession: a course using structured role-model analysis.

In response to increasing numbers of women entering pharmacy, a course was developed at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Pharmacy, addressing issues facing women in the profession. Our purpose was to prepare female students for their future careers by discussing career planning and management; the complexities of balancing career and family life; and career commitment. The technique of structured role-model analysis was used to encourage students to seek out, listen to, and learn from successful role-models. This technique enabled students to identify recurrent themes, advice and strategies among successful pharmacists who participated as guest speakers. Students were assisted in formulating their own career plans and developing a strategy for accomplishment. Courses of this type can increase a young woman's sophistication as she enters the profession and enable her to make more intelligent career decisions.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1986

PA profession in review: a founder's perspective.

One of the PA profession's most noted founders reflects on its past 20 years' growth, including his role in initiating the concept and providing direction as the idea took hold. Adapted from an address delivered at the 1985 conference of the North Carolina Academy of Physician Assistants, this article is a candid review of the profession's past and future, exploring various career opportunities now open to PAs.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1986

Cost containment and increasing competition: implications for the PA profession.

Current trends in cost containment and increasing competition present opportunities--as well as challenges--to the PA profession. In this synopsis of an APAP workshop, the moderators present the views of the PA educators who explore this topic. Discussion focuses on opportunities and challenges, the attitude of the general public and various industry professionals (including physicians) toward increased utilization of PAs, and additional competition to the PA profession from other nonphysician health care providers. Strategies for addressing these issues are included.

Economic Competition↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serving the public by serving the profession. Interview by Wes Curry.

With the formation this year of the American Board of Medical Management, the American College of Physician Executives took a giant step toward formal recognition of the medical management profession as a specialty of medicine. Much needs to be done, however, to make that dream a reality. Late last year, Physician Executive talked with Donald G. Langsley, MD, Executive Vice President of the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS), about the certification process for specialties of medicine and about the role of ABMS in ensuring high standards for the medical profession and for the practice of medicine.

Certification↗
PubMed1999

[Feminization of the medical profession].

Although we can observe a real change in the participation of women in the medical profession, we must ask ourselves what feminisation means. Does it refer to the number of women, or to an eventual change in the content of the profession due to the fact that women are more oriented toward caring, empathy, relationships. The figures for Belgium show a real improvement in the presence of the women but not in the more prestigious specialisations like surgery or internal medicine.

Belgium↗
PubMed1999

Implementation and evaluation of an interdisciplinary health professions core curriculum.

An interdisciplinary core curriculum has been implemented in the College of Health Professions at Armstrong Atlantic State University since spring 1996. The curriculum is designed to provide students with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary for interprofessional practice. The courses are taught by interdisciplinary teams and are offered as electives or as part of major requirements in nursing, health science, physical therapy, dental hygiene, medical technology, radiologic sciences, and respiratory therapy. In addition to ongoing evaluation methods, a survey designed to assess the student and faculty perceptions of the experience has been conducted. Both groups agreed that the experience has had a positive impact on the students' professional performances, patient interactions, understanding of the health care delivery system, and health career preparation. Faculty agreed that teaching in an interdisciplinary team was a positive experience. The collaboration among the health professions' faculty has resulted in increased respect for one another and for others' disciplines. Although the experience places an additional burden on their workload, they agreed that the experience is beneficial, their efforts are worthwhile, and they would be willing to continue to teach interdisciplinary courses.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

South African oral hygienists: their profile and perception of their profession and career.

The aim of the study was to determine a profile of the oral hygienists in South Africa, their views on the profession, work-place, and the practice of their career, which aspects of the work they enjoy and which are not enjoyable, their opinions on expanding duties for hygienists and which duties should be included, and their perceptions about the status and importance of oral hygienists vis-à-vis other health providers. A questionnaire was sent to every third registered oral hygienist and 47 per cent responded. The majority who responded were in the age group 20 to 39 years, had been in practice for less than 15 years, were married, qualified at the Universities of Pretoria and Stellenbosch, and were employed in traditional practice. The larger proportion worked individually and practised from six to eight hours per day. They were happy with the training they received, believed their job was worthwhile, were satisfied with their careers and enjoyed a cordial relationship with dentists. Motivating, educating, assisting patients and communicating with people were the most enjoyable aspects of practice while procedures associated with the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis and the poor response of patients to treatment were the least enjoyable. The majority preferred expanded duties for hygienists which should include elementary dentistry, local anaesthesia, minor extractions and emergency treatment and they also desired greater independence. Seventy-eight per cent felt that the public does not know what oral hygiene is. The status and importance of the profession were rated comparable to that of physiotherapists, qualified nurses, radiographers and dental therapists but significantly higher than dental assistants.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The healing profession needs healers: the crisis in medical education.

In this article, Dean and professor Albert E. Gunn explains that there is something wrong with the medical profession today. The lack of opposition by physicians to current practices that contravene basic human nature is disturbing. Gunn believes an origin of the problem lies in the process of the selection of medical students. Selection has been biased against the very traits that should make a person a good, caring physician. Gunn recommends looking favorably upon, even recruiting, applicants with a broad education in such subjects as history, philosophy, and literature, rather than just basic, technical science knowledge that they are currently being encouraged to study. Applicants should be recruited who are highly educated and able to think for themselves on important issues. Another bias the author has observed is that against applicants who possess a religiously justified morality. Such applicants are asked to justify and defend such a stance. Gunn believes that the fact that applicants who possess these traits are not considered highly desirable, much less preferred, is the basis of the deterioration of the medical profession, and recruiting such independent-minded, ethical, religiously motivated candidates could be the answer to reviving it.

Curriculum↗