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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Development of a computerized controlled substances system.

Maintaining controlled substances records are a required and tedious task. A computerized system was developed to meet both pharmacy and nursing needs. The original system consisted of several notebook binders that were tabbed to separate different controlled substances. Pharmacy was constantly dealing with transcription errors and incorrect calculations. In the computerized program, each controlled substance was assigned its own file and mnemonic. The computer allowed for entries and maintained a running inventory. The troubleshooter pharmacist's role was redefined to oversee of the entire system, to have sole access to the entire system, and to maintain a weekly inventory. Improvements also were made in the nursing procedure, which provided a sufficient stock of controlled substances. A new, consolidated nursing form also was devised. The primary reason that the computerized system is successful is that it accommodates the needs of both nursing and pharmacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Rehabilitation services in an integrated delivery system.

For rehabilitation providers, managed care means cutting costs 20 percent to 40 percent and responding to a major shift from acute inpatient rehabilitation to subacute, outpatient, and home-based services. By becoming more efficient and joining integrated networks, rehabilitation providers can participate in the continuum of care and align their economic incentives with other providers and HMOs. But in this month's Director's Notebook, rehabilitation leaders also worry that the shorter lengths of stay they must impose could compromise patient recovery.

California↗
PubMed1996

Incorporating visible human project data into the undergraduate anatomy and physiology curriculum.

The University of Wisconsin-La Crosse is developing a software environment which will allow undergraduates in anatomy and physiology to directly manipulate the Visible Human Data Set. The software environment provides students with a "personal digital cadaver" for study. The system incorporates a volume rendering daemon for imaging the digital cadaver. Central to the system is the concept of an anatomical notebook in which students record and annotate the studies.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1998

Development and evaluation of regional health database systems.

We have developed information systems for regional public health in some areas. These systems have the following functions: (1) to register results of examinations, life style, follow-up data, diseases, (2) to output some reports and statistics for daily jobs, (3) to make a personal health database, (4) to display stored data by character, trend graph, radar chart or bar chart, (5) to analyze regional health problems, (6) to extract dada about persons with some conditions, (7) to compare data among some examinations, (8) to analyze risk factors. Each database can be transferred to mini-notebook type personal computers. So, they can be used anywhere and any time. Some access controls are performed for security. The systems are used in routine works, health consultation for persons and health education for groups. We have evaluated the systems and got some useful results. Using the systems, daily jobs can be performed with good accuracy and less labor, each subject can understand one's health status easily and clearly, grasps of health problems can be made quantitatively and health projects can be planned by scientific methods.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Heart Center nursing research: a team effort. Heart Center Nursing Research Work Group Members.

Our Heart Center staff identified a need to become more involved in nursing research and evidence based practice. A lack of awareness of the research process and current Heart Center nursing research studies resulted in low patient enrollment. To overcome these challenges a Heart Center Nursing Research Work Group (HCNRWG) was created with support of management. Staff nurses from each unit within the Heart Center participated, and sessions were facilitated by an Assistant Nurse Manager and Clinical Nurse Specialist. Advanced Practice Nurses functioned as consultants. The goal was to support nurses in developing a greater understanding of research and promote nursing research and visibility. Results included the development of research notebooks, inclusive of medical, nursing, and collaborative research projects, "Ask Me About Nursing Research" buttons, and mechanisms for study enrollment for each unit. Writing workshops were held to assist nurses with the preparation of abstracts, manuscripts, and research. A "hot line" was established to answer questions and informational packets and newsletters were distributed to staff and leadership quarterly. An increased awareness of research among the health care team has ensued. Meeting attendance has tripled, more nursing abstracts have been submitted to national conferences and there are ongoing research studies on all heart center units with increased patient enrollment.

Diffusion of Innovation↗
PubMed1999

Double-blind controlled clinical study of the efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine lecithin gel compared with diclofenac-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine gel in patients with peri and extraarticular inflammatory diseases.

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the new diclofenac-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine lecithin gel (DHEP lecithin gel, with 1.3% DHEP and 2.4% lecithin) compared with the efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine gel (DHEP gel) in peri and extraarticular inflammatory states, a controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical study was conducted. Two groups of 50 patients each were enrolled and were given one of the two different formulations with a slight massage on the painful area three times a day for 10 consecutive days. Patients received a self-evaluation notebook in which to record daily assessment of spontaneous pain (Huskisson's visual analogue scale). On days 0, 3 and 10, the patients were visited by the investigator. All patients completed the study. The assessment of spontaneous pain showed that although pain decreased in both groups, the decrease was more marked in patients taking DEHP lecithin gel and that it reached a statistically significant difference at days 5, 6, 7 and 8. This decrease was also confirmed by assessments on the ordinal scale. Although periarticular swelling disappeared in both groups, swelling severity decreased sooner in patients taking DHEP lecithin gel. The efficacy and safety of both treatments was judged to be good or excellent by 70% of the patients in each group. The efficacy of the active principle, pyrrolidine salt, is confirmed. Moreover, the formulation containing lecithin passes through the skin lipid barrier more easily than the formulation without lecithin and is as valid as the other in the therapy of rheumatic disorders. Finally, DHEP lecithin gel preparation has a quicker therapeutic action on symptoms, such as spontaneous pain and local swelling, than DHEP gel.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraoperative evaluation of laparoscopic insufflation technique for quality control in the OR.

OBJECTIVE: With increasing technology and computerized systems in the OR, the physician's responsibility is growing. For intraoperative evaluation of insufflation techniques, a data acquisition model for quality control study of potential insufflation problems is necessary. METHODS: A computer-based, online data acquisition model was designed with a Pentium notebook, PCMCIA data acquisition board PCI-460-P1 and a Visual Designer 3.0 measurement program (both Intelligent Instrumentation, Inc., Tucson, AZ), temperature meters Therm 2280-1 and 2283-2 (Ahlborn, Holzkirchen, Germany) and temperature probes 401 AC and 402 AC (YSI, Inc., Yellow Springs, OH) and T-430-2R (Ahlborn, Holzkirchen, Germany). Gas flow was measured with laminar flow element LFE 1 and flow meters Digima premo 720 (both Special Instruments, Noerdlingen, Germany). During 73 standard laparoscopic procedures, gas flow (L/min) in the insufflation hose, pressure (mm Hg) in the hose and abdomen as well as temperature (degrees C) in the hose, abdomen and rectum were measured continuously at 3 Hz rate. RESULTS: Actual values measured show a wide range often not identical with insufflator presetting. Pressure in the abdomen is usually less than hose pressure. Intra-abdominal pressure peaks (< or = 50 mm Hg) occurred during insufficient anesthesia, while leaning on the abdomen, during trocar insertion and other manipulation. Blood-irrigation fluids found in the hose (n=3/73) can lead to bacterial contamination. Negative pressure (-50 mm Hg) was measured due to Endobag removal. Negative flow (< or = 15 L/min) was caused by pressure on the abdomen, insufflator regulation and an empty CO2 gas tank. Gas temperature in the hose equals room temperature but can decrease in the abdomen to 27.7 degrees C due to high gas flow, large amounts of gas used and prolonged insufflation. Further insufflation-related problems were documented. CONCLUSIONS: This computer-based measurement model proved to be useful for quality control study in the OR. Results demonstrate the need for intraoperative evaluation of insufflation techniques for laparoscopy. Although no obvious complication related to insufflation problems occurred, some findings potentially question patient security.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative analysis of the clinical history and polysomnography in sleep disorders. Diagnostic relevance of polysomnography].

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of associate pathologies has been studied during the sleep, as well as the diagnostic efficiency of the clinical history. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients (n = 136) remitted by diverse services, have been studied. It has been carried out a complete polysomnography, as well as other supplementary studies (anxiety and depression tests, excessive daytime sleepiness Epworth's test, EEG and sleep notebook). RESULTS: The most common symptom turned out to be the primary snores, followed by the excessive daytime sleepiness and apneas. The results of the excessive daytime sleepiness Epworth's test and the anxiety and depression tests were not useful to differ among pathologies, not even between pathologies and patients with normal sleep. The percentage of diagnosis of suspicion confirmed by the polysomnography was of 39.7%, while in 11% of the total of patients it was observed the existence of more than a pathology of the sleep. In 49.3% of the cases the polysomnographic diagnosis was completely different from the diagnosis of suspicion. Among the patients with clinic suspicion of apnoea, in 48.3% of the cases the existence of the same one was verified, although in 14.6% it was associated with other pathologies. In 51.7% of the patients it was not possible to confirm this pathology. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical history is not enough for the diagnosis of the pathologies of the sleep. On the other hand, the existence of associate pathologies diminishes the value of several 'screening-methods'. Therefore, it is fundamental to carry out a complete polysomnography in all the patients that present any sleep disorder on the part of doctors that approach the problem of the sleep in a global way and not only thinking in the possible existence of syndrome of sleep apnoea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Creative work. The case of Charles Darwin.

The evolving systems approach (ESA) addresses the need for direct study of the creative process in recognized creators at work, in contrast to indirect methods, such as those used in psychometric studies. The ESA emerged from H. E. Gruber's prolonged study of Charles Darwin's manuscripts, especially the notebooks he kept after the Beagle voyage. Gruber's interviews with J. Piaget about the latter's creative processes, as well as many doctoral dissertations, also helped shape the authors' approach. Using Gruber's (1974/1981) study of Darwin, the authors describe some facets of creative work identified in the course of their work. Among these are networks of enterprise, ensembles of metaphors, insights, and evolving belief systems. Although the ESA emphasizes cognitive processes, social, affective, and esthetic aspects of the case are not neglected. Each creative case is unique, otherwise the individual would not meet the criterion of originality. Uniqueness does not mean isolation; people who differ must and do work together. The integration of all these facets into a plausible system for each creator remains the authors' central task.

Biology↗
PubMed1996

The lecture notes of two pupil nurses of the preliminary training school at Glasgow Royal Infirmary.

The Preliminary Training School (PTS) for nurses which opened at Glasgow Royal Infirmary in 1893 was the first attempt to provide a theoretical pre-clinical course for 'pupil' nurses. The notebooks of two pupils are reviewed in terms of the contemporary medical and nursing knowledge and provide indications of subject matter that pupil nurses were taught.

Education, Nursing, Diploma Programs↗
PubMed1995

[Reconsideration of the "conversion theory" from the primacy of the heart to the primacy of the blood--William Harvey's observation, logic and the construction of the exercitatio].

In De Motu Cordis, W. Harvey sometimes waxes lyrical on the primacy of the heart. In his another treatise, De Generatione, however, he insists on the primacy of the blood. The "conversion theory" explained this discrepancy with Harvey's conversion as caused by his discovery of the antiquity of the blood. But Whitterridge showed that Harvey had already described the antiquity of the blood in his earliest notebook, Prelectiones. As shown in this article, Harvey's observation was not a mere accidental discovery; based on the "classic questions", it was continuously and persistently conducted until he was assured of having seen the blood to exist prior to the pulse and movement to occur in the blood. While this crucial observation was not yet made in Prelectiones and De Motu Cordis, it was described as crucial evidence of the theory of the primacy of the blood in De Generatione, in which this new theory was introduced as an independent topic of the exercitatio. The topic of the order of the generation was a crucial issue in the theoretical medicine of Harvey's days. That is, the Aristotelian primacy of the heart had been seriously challenged by the Galenic tripartite theory which pursued the antiquity of three organs. Harvey's theory, or the primacy of the blood, seems to consists with Aristotle's premise, in that it asserts the existence of the only source of all functions in living animals. Harvey's theory, however, was confronted, on the other hand, with Aristotle's another inconsistency, namely, the issue of two definitions about anima. We must consider the construction and strategy of the exercitatio in Harvey's days to understand the exact meaning of the primacy of the heart in De Motu Cordis. In De Motu Cordis, Harvey did not use the primacy of the heart in a central part of the exercitatio, namely, in confirming his unprecedented theory, the circulation of the blood, but he settled this Aristotelian premise in a marginal part, namely, in ratiocinating the final cause of the circulation and supporting his new theory from the sidelines.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1995

[Reconsideration of the "conversion theory" from the primacy of the heart to the primacy of the blood--William Harvey's observation, logic and the construction of the exercitatio].

In De motu cordis, W. Harvey sometimes waxes lyrical on the primacy of the heart. In his another treatise, De generatione, however, he insists on the primacy of the blood. The "conversion theory" explained this discrepancy with Harvey's conversion as caused by his discovery of the antiquity of the blood. But Whitterridge showed that Harvey had already described the antiquity of the blood in his earliest notebook, Prelectiones. As shown in this article, Harvey's observation was not a mere accidental discovery; based on the "classic questions", it was continuously and persistently conducted until he was assured of having seen the blood to exist prior to the pulse and movement to occur in the blood. While this crucial observation was not yet made in Prelectiones and De motu cordis, it was described as crucial evidence of the theory of the primacy of the blood in De generatione, in which this new theory was introduced as an independent topic of the exercitatio. The topic of the order of the generation was a crucial issue in the theoretical medicine of Harvey's days. That is, the Aristotelian primacy of the heart had been seriously challenged by the Galenic tripartite theory which pursued the antiquity of three organs. Harvey's theory, or the primacy of the blood, seems to consists with Aristotle's premise, in that it asserts the existance of the only source of all functions in living animals. Harvey's theory, however, was confronted, on the other hand, with Aristotle's another inconsistency, namely, the issue of two definitions about anima. We must consider the construction and strategy of the exercitatio in Harvey's days to understand the exact meaning of the primacy of the heart in De motu cordis. In De motu cordis, Harvey did not use the primacy of the heart in a central part of the exercitatio, namely, in confirming his unprecedented theory, the circulation of the blood, but he settled this Aristotelian premise in a marginal part, namely, in ratiocinating the final cause of the circulation and supporting his new theory from the sidelines.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1998

[The archives of the section of history of medicine].

The Section of History of Medicine of the Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology of the Rome University "La Sapienza" keeps the Archives of Angelo Celli, Amico and Francesco Bignami, Giuseppe Sanarelli. The Archives, primarily composed by medical notes, note books, correspondence, have been reorganized and an inventory has been made and computerized. The documents of the scientists Celli and Bignami testify their contribution to the study of malaria and of the pathological anatomy of the infection; Sanarelli's notebooks allow to reconstruct his scientific career. During the inventory, various groups of documents belonging to Alessandro Solivetti (1834-1893), Francesco Todaro (1839-1912), Giorgio Roster (1843-1927), Giuklio Bizzozero (1846-1901), Angelo Maffucci (1847-1903), Ettore Marchiafava (1847-1935), Giovanni Battista Grassi (1854-1925), Giovanni Mingazzini (1859-1929), Giuseppe Bastianelli (1862-1959), Vittorio Ascoli (1863-1931), Raffaele Bastianelli (1863-1961), Guiseppe Ovio (1863-1957), Vittorio Puntoni (1887-1970), Pietro Di Mattei (1896) have been found.

Archives↗
PubMed1994

[A documental investigation of Hakodate Medical School from records of a student].

At Hakodate National General Hospital, a medical course (Hakodate Medical School) existed from 1872 to 1874 with governmental support, which was guided and lectured by Dr. Stuart Erdridge from Philadelphia. From many records concerning this course written by a student who attended during this period, real features of this course were clarified. Dr. S. Erdridge gave lectures in English about the fundamental as well as clinical aspects of medicine, including surgery, and gave guidance on clinical practise and treatments. These lectures were translated into Japanese simultaneously by an interpreter for the convenience of students writing in Japanese in their notebooks. His lectures were on a high level for that time, so later they were published in 3 volumes by the government (Kaitakushi). The nine of those 20 students who were supported by government expense were obligated to do medical services in Hokkaido for 5 years afterward. At the end of the course, students who took the course were engaged for 50 days in medical service which included a round trip for vaccination of small pox to children living near the Hakodate area and 2558 children were vaccinated. From the diary of this trip, the schedule and mode of vaccination at that time were clarified. The student who wrote this diary had to retire from this course at the last period, due to the death of his father and familial duties. However, the certificate for medical occupation was issued to him by Dr. S. Erdridge in 1886 for governmental necessity.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed2000

[Archival materials collected by Prof. Wiktor Dega in the Department of the History of Medical Sciences, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences - general characteristics].

Interesting archival materials collected by Prof. Wiktor Dega are held in the Department of the History of Medical Sciences belonging to Karol Marcinkowski University. There are mainly personal documents including: a military booklet, passport and different identity cards. They are also the diary from 1913. Noteworthy are the notebooks from his student period and diaries full of reflections from his scientific journeys abroad and chrestomathy from the professional literature. Moreover, the archival material about Prof. Degas' pre-war activity and a organiser of cost-free gymnastic courses for children with posture defects should be mentioned in Poznań. After the Second World War Prof. Dega worked on the Committee of Rehabilitation and Adaptation of Human Beings and organised the Polish Branch of the International College of Surgeons, and materials from that time are also available. Also important are documents associated with Prof. Dega's the Order of Smile from the St. Maria Magdelena secondary school in Poznań. His letters are extremely valuable and the interesting press articles, photos and diplomas are also noteworthy.

Archives↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment of rabies in man in Vaud and Fribourg before Pateu: therapeutic observations of Drs. Guisan and Schaller in the 19th century].

The picture showing the little Joseph Meister being treated against rabies under Louis Pasteur's eyes, on July 6, 1885, has quickly become a symbol of the triumphant progress of medicine, even though diseases with high mortality like tuberculosis or diphtheria could still not be healed with efficient therapeutic means. But before the discoveries of Pasteur, what was actually, in daily practice, the kind of response an ordinary doctor could give to human rabies? A Swiss physician, Charles-Hector Guisan, developed a therapy based on the use of sodium arsenate, which he published in the columns of the Gazette des Hôpitaux civils et militaires in 1854. This arsenic therapy was to be put into practice on a larger scale in the canton of Fribourg by Dr Jean-Louis Schaller (1816-1880), who meticulously wrote observations in a notebook on the cases of 13 persons wounded by a rabid dog in 1855.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Changes in composition of ballpoint pen inks on aging in darkness.

A method for comparison of the relative age of ink entries written by the same ballpoint pen on documents stored in darkness is presented. Inks were extracted from the document and analyzed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). On aging, changes in the chemical composition of the inks were noted. These changes were similar to those observed when inks were exposed to light or heat. The aging was followed by using ternary diagrams constructed for dyes generally present in blue-colored inks--Crystal Violet, Methyl Violet, and Tetramethyl Para Rosaniline. The procedure is applicable for relative dating of ink entries in diaries, notebooks, etc., where often several ink entries are written by the same ink. However, a prolonged exposure of the document to daylight and/or artificial light (light from fluorescent tubes) as well as to extensive heat will render the whole procedure inapplicable. An example of the use of the proposed method in casework is given.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2002

A terrorism response plan for hospital security and safety officers.

Security and Safety managers in today's healthcare facilities need to factor terrorism response into their emergency management plans, separate from the customary disaster plans and the comparatively recent security plans. Terrorism incidents will likely be security occurrences that use a weapon of mass destruction to magnify the incidents into disasters. Facility Y2K Plans can provide an excellent framework for the detailed contingency planning needed for terrorism response by healthcare facilities. Tabbed binder notebooks, with bulleted procedures and contact points for each functional section, can provide security and safety officers with at-a-glance instructions for quick 24/7 implementation. Each functional section should focus upon what activities or severity levels trigger activation of the backup processes. Network with your countywide, regional, and/or state organizations to learn what your peers are doing. Comprehensively inventory your state, local, and commercial resources so that you have alternate providers readily available 24/7 to assist your facility upon disasters.

Disaster Planning↗