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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies in menorrhagia: (a) mefenamic acid, (b) endometrial prostaglandin concentrations.

Twenty-two women with unexplained heavy menstrual blood loss (average loss for two cycles of >80 ml) were treated with the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor menfenamic acid during two consecutive menstruations. There was a significant reduction in menstrual blood loss on mefenamic acid therapy, the median loss being 137 ml before treatment and 76 ml while on treatment. Reduction in menstrual loss was achieved in 20 of the 22 patients but varied from a 2% to 78% reduction. The greater the menstrual loss before treatment, the more it was reduced on mefenamic acid therapy. Endometrial concentrations of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in the follicular phase of the cycle were similar whether or not patients had menorrhagia. In the luteal phase, however, 6 of 14 patients with menorrhagia had higher endometrial prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha concentrations than all 13 controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of postpill amenorrhea.

Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and prolactin were evaluated in 52 cases of postpill amenorrhea at the Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Calcutta, India. All 52 patients had experienced amenorrhea for one year since discontinuation of oral contraceptive therapy. The incidence of postpill amenorrhea was much higher in patients with histories of oligomenorrhea or irregular menstrual periods. No relationship was seen between the number of cycles of pills used and the incidence of postpill amenorrhea. The ratio of luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone in all cases exceeded unity, indicating that postpill amenorrhea is a type of functional secondary amenorrhea.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1980

A study of 45 cases of ectopic pregnancy.

Forty-five (45) cases of ectopic pregnancy are reported, an incidence of 1:742 pregnancies. Approximately (40%) of these patients gave a positive history of infertility, pelvic infection or abdominal surgery. Eighty-five percent (85%) of the cases were among gravida 1-5; nullipara and grand-multipara constituted the low-risk group. In 88% of the cases, the pregnancy was tubal ectopic, with 58.5% in the right fallopian tube. History of amenorrhea and lower abdominal pain with tenderness were the presenting features in 95% of the cases, while vaginal bleeding was reported by 50%. Vaginal examination is singled out as of poor diagnostic value, and laparoscopy is found to be the best diagnostic procedure. The pertinent medical literature is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Osteoporosis in anorexia nervosa: the influence of peak bone density, bone loss, oral contraceptive use, and exercise.

Anorexia nervosa occurs early in life and predisposes to osteoporosis. Exercise may be protective. We asked: (1) Does failure to attain peak bone density contribute to the deficit in bone density? (2) Does oral contraceptive use protect against osteoporosis? (3) Is any protective effect of exercise confined to weight-bearing sites? Areal bone density (g/cm2) and body composition were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry in 65 patients with anorexia nervosa and 52 controls. Comparing the 12 patients with primary amenorrhea and the 37 patients with secondary amenorrhea, bone density (mean +/- SEM) at the lumbar spine was 0.88 +/- 0.04 versus 1.06 +/- 0.03 (P = 0.001), respectively. Bone density at the femoral neck was 0.80 +/- 0.04 versus 0.92 +/- 0.03 (P < 0.05), respectively. These values differed before, but not after, adjusting for the respective duration of illness (73.0 +/- 10.3 versus 34.1 +/- 4.8 months, P < 0.001) and fat-free mass (31.6 +/- 1.3 versus 35.4 +/- 0.5 kg, P < 0.01). Bone density at the lumbar spine in the 16 patients with 31.8 +/- 8.3 months of contraceptive exposure was higher than in the 49 patients with no contraceptive exposure (1.14 +/- 0.05 versus 1.02 +/- 0.02 P < 0.02) but was lower than in controls (1.14 +/- 0.05 versus 1.27 +/- 1.02, P < 0.01). No protective effect of contraceptive exposure was detectable at the femoral neck.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1984

Twenty-four-hour prolactin secretory patterns in women with galactorrhea, normal menses, normal random prolacting levels and abnormal sellar tomograms.

During a systematic study of women with idiopathic galactorrhea, we observed several patients with normal random serum prolactin (PRL) levels and normal menses, but abnormal sellar tomograms characteristic of a pituitary adenoma. To test the hypothesis that these women might have intermittent PRL hypersecretion, we studied PRL secretion by sampling blood every half hour for 24 h in 10 patients and for 17.5 h in another, and compared the findings to those of a group of 5 normal women. The mean 24-h PRL of the 10 patients (16.8 +/- 7.8 ng/ml; mean +/- SD) was not significantly different from that of the normal women (13.6 +/- 3.2 ng/ml), and each patient showed a normal sleep-associated PRL increment. Three individuals exhibited an abnormally elevated 24-h PRL (greater than 20 ng/ml). Increased PRL secretion occurred primarily at night or in the afternoon. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) administration caused normal or exaggerated PRL responses in all patients tested. High resolution CT scanning of two of the hypersecretors suggested a microadenoma in one case. In another case whose PRL was normal over 17.5 h, transsphenoidal surgery, carried out because of the tomographic findings and the symptom of headaches, demonstrated a 5-mm chromophobe adenoma that did not contain PRL by immunohistochemistry. Postoperatively the galactorrhea persisted. We conclude that most women with galactorrhea, normal PRL, normal menses, and abnormal tomograms have normal PRL secretion. However, a minority of patients with this syndrome do demonstrate intermittent PRL hypersecretion. The etiology of intermittent PRL hypersecretion and its relevance to galactorrhea have not been determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗