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[Adolescent crises in puberty. Diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)].

Psychological disorders which become manifest as adolescent crises must be seen as complex phenomena and treated thoroughly: besides the genetic, biographic and psychosocial background of the youthful individual the cultural and economic aspects play an important role. Nevertheless we must admit that associated causal explanations, e.g. for accelerated or late development are lacking. Focal points for the subsequent symptom complexes of sexual behavior in puberty are: psychosexual prematurity or retardation, masturbation, homosexual relations, pubertal asceticism and premature and frequently changing sexual relations.

Adolescent↗

[Male genital self mutilation--a cause of hematuria].

Pathological self-mutilation is defined as a deliberate destruction of body tissue without conscious intent. It is sometimes associated with several pathologies such as mental disorders and mental retardation. We report a non-psychotic male, with borderline mental retardation who practiced sporadic moderate genital self-mutilations as a masturbation technique and presented as a case of recurrent gross hematuria.

Hematuria↗

[A case of foreign body in the urinary bladder--chewing gum found in urinary bladder].

We experienced a case of a 60-year-old male with a foreign body in the urinary bladder. He had inserted chewing gum into the urethra for the purpose of masturbation, and it had slipped into the bladder. We collected 1,436 cases of vesico-urethral foreign body from the Japanese literature including our case, and reviewed these cases with some statistical analysis.

Chewing Gum↗

Penile fracture: long-term outcome of treatment.

OBJECTIVE: Penile fracture is a rare injury, usually resulting from direct trauma to the erect penis during sexual intercourse. Immediate surgical treatment is the basis for the treatment of this injury due to the high rate of complications associated with delayed management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and outcomes of the treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively studied patients with penile fracture treated at Ramathibodi Hospital from 1975 to 2000. Clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, technique of treatment and outcomes of treatment were noted. RESULTS: Twelve patients were found in this study. The mean patient age was 32 years old (range 19-42). The interval from time of injury to presentation was 3-48 hours. Of these patients 10 had been injured during sexual intercourse (83%) while 2 had been injured during masturbation. All patients presented with a very suggestive clinical picture (pain, detumescence and hematoma). No further investigation was needed for confirming the diagnosis. One case had urethral bleeding, therefore, retrograde urethrogahpy was performed but no extravasation of contrast media was noted. All patients were treated by immediate surgery, through a circular subcoronal incision and degloving of the penis to allow a thorough exploration. All of the patients had a tunica albuginea tear that was promptly repaired. No associated urethral larceration was noted. All of the patients did very well after surgery and two had mild curvature, which had not hindered intercourse at follow-up (mean time of 24 months). CONCLUSIONS: Penile fracture has very typical clinical signs and no further investigation is usually needed. Early surgical treatment is associated with a low incidence of late complications.

Adult↗

[The treatment of anorgasmia in males].

Primary anorgasmia is defined as the inability, in spite of nocturnal pollution and complete erection, ever to achieve orgasm either by masturbation or by sexual intercourse. 30 patients with primary anorgasmia were treated with an electro-vibrator, 26 of them with a positive result. The preceding unsuccessful therapeutical attempts with medicaments and psychotherapy allow the conclusion that with primary male anorgasmia time should not be wasted unnecessarily. Instead, a mechanical ipsation-aid should be employed, regardless of the etiology. Simultaneous intensive psychological guidance including instruction about normal sexual behavior is necessary. Some cases of secundary anorgasmia also react favourably to this treatment.

Adult↗

[The sexual psychology of human males].

Human sexuality has both its sociological nature and biological nature. Advances in molecular biology has unveiled almost all the biological mysteries of human sexuality. However, many problems in the psychological and sociological aspects have not yet been thoroughly studied. As a matter of fact, these psychological and sociological factors have much influence on sexuality than those biological ones. This paper briefly introduces some factors affecting male sexual psychology, including masturbation and other common sexual psychological dysfunctions.

Humans↗

A comparative study of nonparaphilic sexual addictions and paraphilias in men.

BACKGROUND: A definition of nonparaphilic sexual addiction (NPSA) is offered and the literature suggesting comorbidity between NPSA and paraphilias (PAs) is reviewed. We describe a study to clarify the relationship between NPSA and PA. METHOD: Thirty consecutive male respondents to an advertisement (PA: N = 15; NPSA: N = 15) were evaluated. The frequency of sexual behaviors, total sexual outlet, intensity of sexual desire, time spent in unconventional sexual behaviors, and a total sexual interest ratio were measured. Group differences were statistically examined using the Fisher's exact probability test (one-tailed). Concomitant psychological, social, work, financial, legal, and medical sequelae were ascertained. RESULTS: The most prevalent lifetime sexual behaviors in both groups were NPSAs, especially compulsive masturbation, ego-dystonic promiscuity, and dependence on pornography. Mean total sexual outlet in both groups was approximately three times that of a comparable "normal" male sample. Components of total sexual outlet were reported in a nonnormative distribution pattern, and NPSA/PA sexual behaviors eclipsed conventional sexual activities in all measures. Group differences in measures of sexual behavior frequency, intensity, and time consumed by these behaviors were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The cormorbid presence of multiple NPSAs in 93% of the paraphilic men accompanied by comparable sexual and psychosocial sequelae suggests that NPSAs may represent a culturally adapted form of psychopathology that can also be manifested as PAs. A definition of hypersexual desire is offered, and a relationship between hypersexual desire and unconventional sexual outlet is suggested.

Behavior, Addictive↗

[Traumatic partial amputation of a penis--a reconstruction of the circumstances of the accident].

A 61-year-old man was admitted to hospital with a partially severed penis. The head of the penis (glans) had been completely severed, and the skin of the shaft and the corpora cavernosa had been ripped open. In the hospital the patient reported that his penis got caught in the hose attachment of an old Kobold vacuum cleaner that he was using to inflate an air mattress. He later made contradictory statements in his report to the insurance company, so we were asked to reconstruct the circumstances of the accident. The literature available to us only makes clinical observations about similar accidents, always with the assumption that the vacuum cleaner was used during masturbation or in order to achieve an erection. According to our reconstruction of the accident and an investigation of the vacuum cleaner attachment, however, we could not rule out the possibility of a household accident as described by the patient.

Accidents, Home↗

[Sexual addiction in alcohol abuse and dependence. Clinical, nosologic and psychoanalytic aspects].

DSM-III-R names sexual addiction for the first time as a sexual disorder. In this study a group of alcoholics was examined who described their own sexual behavior as being addictive and self-destructive. In this nearly all male patient group sexual addiction manifested itself mostly in excessive masturbation and obsessional sexual fantasies often in combination with use of pornography. Promiscuity, prostitute contacts and excessive sexual demands on a steady partner and sexually deviant behavior, were less often reported in this population. The addictive sexual behavior was said to be usually provoked by emotional distress and unresolved conflicts. More than 80% of these patients were dependent upon at least one other substance beside alcohol. Two-thirds considered their sexual addictive behavior to be their primary and earliest dependency. The nosology of this disorder seems to be unspecific, since a number of forms of neurosis and personality disorder are diagnosed. A psychodynamic interpretation of sexual addiction points to defence mechanisms against inner psychic conflicts, as seen both in addiction and sexual perversion. Aspects of differential diagnosis and classification are also discussed.

Adult↗

[Female sexuality in middle and advanced adulthood].

A study of female sexuality based on 91 interviews with women aged 50 to 91 years (birth-cohorts: 1895 to 1936) is presented. 53% of the interview-partners in this study are sexually active (intercourse: 34%; masturbation: 30%; lesbian sexuality: 1%). 65% report sexual interest. During the past year 58% of the women experienced sexual dreams, 43% sexual fantasies. 26% of the interview-partners had never experienced orgasm. Several age- and cohort-differences are reported. Quotations illustrate the variability of female sexual experiences.

Aged↗

[Comparison of reproductive behavior of farm animals].

Male farm animals accept female conspecifics as partners for mating only when they have been imprinted on them. The mating behaviour of the male can be divided into three phases: a) looking for female conspecifics in heat; b) testing the readiness to be served; and c) serving. The male animal can accelerate the development of the heat characteristics by certain behaviour patterns, which cause an effect of pheromones. There is a relationship between duration of the coitus and the sexual potency in every species. Finally masturbation is discussed. Ethologically it is a typical vacuum activity.

Agriculture↗

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) treatment of sexual acting out in men suffering from dementia.

Four demented male patients who manifested disruptive sexual behavior, including public masturbation and attempts to molest female patients, and who could not be managed by other means received a therapeutic trial of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 1 year and were followed up for an additional year. Their sexual activities were recorded before, during, and after the study, and serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin were monitored regularly. Within 2 weeks of the start of MPA therapy, the sexual acting out had stopped; this was associated with a 90% and a 60% decline, respectively, of serum testosterone and LH. When MPA treatment was stopped, testosterone and LH returned to pretrial levels in all four men. One showed a return of sexual acting out, but this was at a reduced level and was successfully managed by firm nursing. MPA was used without adverse effects. Because of its safety and efficacy, the drug should be considered as a first-line treatment for sexual acting out in demented men.

Acting Out↗

[Rare foreign body fistulas of the female bladder].

Fistulae between kidney and vagina caused by foreign bodies are very rare nowadays. Two casuistics illustrate the curious anamnesis of such patients: in an 18-year-old girl a foreign body inserted during masturbation led to a perforation, in the case of a 66-year-old woman a pessary which had been forgotten since 35 years penetrated into the urinary bladder.

Adolescent↗

Sexual abuse of children: an update.

An increasing number of studies in the past decade have shown that sexual abuse of children is disturbingly common. The author reviews some of the more recent knowledge about the problem, with particular reference to medical implications. The incidence and distribution of the problem and the relative importance of the medical examination are reviewed, and the diagnostic significance of clinical presentations such as vulvovaginitis, recurrent urinary tract infection and masturbation is evaluated. The agents responsible for sexually transmitted diseases in abused children are reviewed. Many crucial psychosocial issues are raised in the evaluation and management of sexual abuse. The author discusses some aspects of abuse that are hard to confront, such as the possible pleasure of the child and the nonoffending role of the mother in cases of incest. Information from sources other than the medical literature on the characteristics of abusers, therapy and prevention is reviewed. The medical implications of the Badgley Report are also discussed.

Adolescent↗

[Semen evaluation: technic of study].

Sampling precautions are particularly important in the study of sperm: the length of sexual abstinence, complete collection of the ejaculate, sampling by masturbation in the laboratory. The examination of sperm consists of different steps: measurement of the ejaculate volume, evaluation of the mobility, speed, and propulsion direction of the spermatozoa, study of spermatozoon concentration, estimation of the percentage of live spermatozoa, morphological examination of the spermatozoa, including an enumeration of the abnormal forms, evaluation of spermatozoon survival in vitro for 24 h by monitoring the percentage of mobility every 2 h. This examination can be complemented by biochemical and enzymatic assays of: fructose, zinc, carnitine, citric acid, acid phosphatase, alpha glucosidase, which serve as tracers of associated secretions.

Cell Survival↗

The role of the oedipal fantasy in masturbatory and suicidal phenomena.

The multifaceted syndrome of suicide is viewed as a symptom with a manifest and a latent content. An attempt is made to demonstrate a dynamic reciprocal relationship, in a continuum, among fantasy, masturbation, and suicide. Sadomasochistic phenomena, beating fantasies, and suicidal thoughts and acts are viewed as translations of underlying positive and negative oedipal fantasies. Attention is also paid to how suicidal phenomena are facilitated by immature concepts of death, that is, its perception as a transient and reversible phenomenon, as well as its erotization. Four cases highlighting aspects of these themes are presented and then discussed in terms of how they illustrate the varying vicissitudes and elaborations of the masturbatory and/or oedipal fantasy and act, along separate or simultaneous pathways. In conclusion, there is an exploration of interpretive differences, with special reference to an object relations approach to phenomena, with its emphasis on preoedipal determinants and its attempts to accommodate both the drive/structure and object-relational/structure theoretical orientations.

Adult↗

The psychodynamics of a beating fantasy.

A case history of a woman is presented whose primary conscious masturbatory fantasy from age three until age forty was of her father beating her. Late in her lengthy treatment, the conscious fantasy was seen to screen off the underlying, unconscious fantasy of being beaten by her mother. Early traumata, surgery, and primal scene exposures led to profound separation-individuation problems, heightened preoedipal and oedipal castration anxiety, and a faulty genital schematization. Compulsive masturbation, duplicating genital arousal initiated by the mother's early enema assaults and later by primal scene exposures, allowed neutralization of the intense aggression aroused by separation and castration traumata. Preoedipal fantasies screened off from conscious awareness by the oedipal ones were influenced by the primal scene exposures. These consisted of the ideas of being hurt (castrated) and beaten by the father. In the lengthy therapy with this patient an erotized transference developed in which, again, a libidinal gratification was used defensively to maintain the threatened object relationship. The interaction between beating fantasies and reality events is also discussed.

Adult↗

Aspects of primary and secondary genital feelings and anxieties in girls during the preoedipal and early oedipal phases.

The author examines the development of the girl's psychosexual feminine self-image during the preoedipal and early oedipal phases, as well as the accompanying primary and secondary genital feelings and anxieties. The connection between the little girl's discovery and pleasure in self-exploration and masturbation and related anxieties about being "closed-up" is discussed. The nature of the corresponding object relationships is elucidated, especially the narcissistic significance of being like mother.

Adult↗