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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Progressive spinal lordosis after laminoplasty in a child with thoracic neuroblastoma.

Laminoplasty has been advocated increasingly after spinal tumor excision in children. Results have shown that it offers the required decompression, while maintaining spinal stability and the integrity of the posterior vertebral elements. To the authors' knowledge, there has been no description of a progressive lordotic deformity of the thoracic spine after this procedure. A case of an 8-year-old boy with thoracic neuroblastoma developing progressive thoracic lordosis after laminoplasty is reviewed, and a possible cause is suggested. Discussing this potential complication with parents and the patient, and following up with regular clinical and radiographic assessments is advised.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical correction of congenital thoracic lordosis.

A 13-year-old girl with rigid congenital thoracic lordosis and congenital scoliosis was treated by a three-stage procedure of anterior transthoracic closing wedge osteotomies, posterior osteotomies of the laminar synostosis, correction of the deformity by sublaminar wires pulled back to a kyphotic bent Luque rod, and a later "pulling-out" procedure on the lateral chest wall.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Cervical lordosis angle measured on lateral cephalograms; findings in skeletal class II female subjects with and without TMD: a cross sectional study.

The literature reports evidence of various types of correlations between cervical alterations and cervical pain, and the existence of cervical pain in subjects with temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMD). The hypothesis of this study is that cervical lordosis angle (CVT/EVT angle) alteration on cephalometrics could be correlated to the presence of TMD. The cephalometric records of 50 females with documented TMD were compared with those of a control group of 50 females. The subjects in the sample were 25-35 years of age, average 28.9 years (SD, 3.2). Radiographs were taken in mirror position, and seventeen variables, including the CVT/EVT angle, were traced. Double measurements were made to evaluate method error using Dahlberg's formula. Pearson's correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney's t-test were used to evaluate the data. Intra-group analysis showed significant correlations between the CVT/EVT angle and mandibular length (p<0.01), mandibular position (p<0.05), mandibular divergence (p<0.01), and overjet (p<0.01) in both groups. Between groups, the analysis showed significant differences in CVT/EVT angle (p<0.05), maxillary protrusion (p<0.01), mandibular protrusion (p<0.01), mandibular length (p<0.01), mandibular divergence (p<0.05), and overbite (p<0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Lumbar canal stenosis in achondroplasia. Prevention and correction of lumbosacral lordosis].

AIM: To determine through the measurement of different angles the correction of lumbar hyperlordosis after bilateral femoral lengthening using the Icatme technique and to assess the absence of neurological symptomatology secondary to stenosis of the lumbar canal after femoral lengthening. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients with achondroplasia were studied. Mean age was 22.3 years. The patients underwent femoral lengthening using the Icatme technique. X rays of the lateral rachis taken before and after lengthening were used to measure a series of angles. RESULTS: The lumbar lordosis angle, Sez's angle and the L5S1 angle decreased while the lumbosacral angle, Jungham's angle and the sacrum angle increased, leading to correction of lumbar hyperlordosis, verticalization of the sacrum and improvement in thoracolumbar and lumbosacral inflection. Values were similar to the standard for individuals without achondroplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Femoral lengthening using the Icatme technique in achondroplastics modifies the statics of the lumbar spine, making them similar to those of nonachondroplastics. The procedure corrects lumbar hyperlordosis and prevents the appearance of neurological symptomatology due to stenosis of the lumbar canal. The incidence of neurological complications due to stenosis of the lumbar canal in achondroplastics who have undergone femoral lengthening is low compared with that of achondroplastics of the same age and sex who have not undergone this procedure.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1982

The correlation of idiopathic lumbar scoliosis and lumbar lordosis.

A definite correlation exists between the presence of idiopathic lumbar scoliosis and hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine. Present data do not reveal whether hyperlordosis constitutes an element which makes a "spine at risk" for developing scoliosis. However, the presence of an extreme lordosis suggests that in any comprehensive plan of treatment of idiopathic lumbar scoliosis, provision should be made for correction of severe deformities of the lumbar spine.

Child↗
PubMed1981

[Correlation between osteoporosis and discarthrosis. Comparative frequency of spinal osteophytosis and thickness of intervertebral disk in 50 patients with osteoporosis confirmed by bone biopsy and in 50 controls. Study of lordosis in 50 osteoporotic patients].

Comparative radiological study of the spine in 50 osteoporotic subjects selected on double criteria, radiological and histological, and 50 control subjects of the same age and same sex, confirmed the lesser frequency and the mildness of the osteophyte formation, and the disk degeneration in osteoporotic subjects. The vertebral radiological index, which measures both the number and importance of the vertebral body surface concavity and vertebral collapse, and has no significant correlation with age. A study of the degree of lordosis and of the index of bending of the trunk was carried out in 50 osteoporotic patients. Only one third of them had lumbar hyperlordosis. Owing to its inconstancy, lumbar hyperlordosis cannot be considered as responsible for the mildness of the osteophyte formation in osteoporotic patients. It seems reasonable to admit that the mildness of the osteophyte formation and of the osteoporosis are linked together and are probably the result of a reduced capacity of bone formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Anterior cervical plate used in degenerative disease can maintain cervical lordosis.

The aim of this study was to show whether anterior cervical plate stabilization is able to maintain cervical lordosis or not when used for cervical degenerative disease. Thirty cases that underwent anterior fusion at multiple levels without cervical plating before 1986 were compared with 44 cases treated with cervical plating since 1986. Changes in the alignment of the total cervical spine and of the fused segment were studied in both groups. Collapse of the grafted bone, which was observed in 9 of 30 cases in the nonplate group, was not observed in the plate group. Alignment of the cervical spine was corrected and well maintained in the plated group, compared with the nonplate group. Anterior cervical plate stabilization could maintain the normal alignment of the cervical spine damaged by degenerative processes, whereas anterior cervical fusion without plating could not.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1997

The progression of untreated lumbar kyphosis and the compensatory thoracic lordosis in myelomeningocele.

Radiographs of 37 patients with untreated lumbar kyphosis without congenital vertebral anomalies associated with myelomeningocele were analyzed. With an average interval between radiographs of 6.2 years, the kyphosis was noted to increase at a mean rate of 4.3 degrees per year without correlation to its initial magnitude. The compensatory lordosis was more variable and progressed at a mean of 2.5 degrees per year. Children under the age of 2 years were more likely to increase the Cobb angle and the height of their kyphosis. There was an inverse relationship between the height of the kyphus and the lumbar spine height and the resultant growth of each. A modified kyphotic index less than 4 correlated with an increase in the curve and height of the kyphosis and the subsequent desire for surgery. Wide variability in radiographic parameters make predictions for an individual patient difficult.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1995

Caudal medullary pathways to lumbosacral motoneuronal cell groups in the cat: evidence for direct projections possibly representing the final common pathway for lordosis.

The nucleus retroambiguus (NRA) projects to distinct brainstem and cervical and thoracic cord motoneuronal cell groups. The present paper describes NRA projections to distinct motoneuronal cell groups in the lumbar enlargement. Lumbosacral injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) were made to localize and quantify the retrogradely labeled neurons in the caudal medullary lateral tegmentum. These injections were combined with spinal hemisections to distinguish between neurons having ipsi-or contralaterally descending axons. The NRA-lumbosacral fibers descend almost exclusively contralaterally, but neurons in areas surrounding the NRA project mainly ipsilaterally. In an anterograde tracing study, injections of WGA-HRP or tritiated leucine were made in the region of the NRA to determine the NRA targets in the lumbosarcral cord. Hemisections in C2 made it possible to distinguish between NRA projections and projections from neurons in the adjoining lateral tegmentum. The results show delicate NRA projections to distinct lumbosacral motoneuronal cell groups innervating specific hindlimb muscles (iliopsoas, adductors, and hamstrings) as well as axial muscles (medial longissimus and proximal tail muscles). The projection is bilateral, with a contralateral predominance. Ipsilaterally terminating fibers are derived from NRA neurons whose axons cross the midline at the level of the obex, descend through the contralateral spinal white matter, and recross at the level of termination. A conceptual description is presented in which the periaqueductal gray-NRA-lumbosacral projections form the final common pathway for lordosis in the cat.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Investigation of peripeduncular-hypothalamic pathways involved in the control of lordosis in the rat.

Single shock stimuli applied to the peripeduncular nucleus (PPN) elicited a complex evoked response in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN). An early component and a late component could be distinguished in the evoked response on the basis of their different latency, threshold, site of maximal amplitude, frequency-response characteristics and also because restricted lesions eliminated specifically the short-or the long-latency components. Transection of the dorsal supraoptic pathway immediately in front of the PPN suppressed all the VMN-evoked responses. The same lesion eliminated lordotic responses in ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol benzoate and progesterone. Similar lesions placed more dorsally had no effect on either the sexual behavior or the evoked response. Evidence was obtained suggesting that the short-latency component is generated by activity that reaches the VMN directly through the ventral supraoptic commissure, while the long-latency response involves substations in the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The effect of lesions on the performance of lordosis may be attributed to the disruption of ascending and/or descending neural impulses circulating between the PPN and the VMN, with relay stations in the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1984

Segmental organization of rat lateral longissimus, a muscle involved in lordosis behavior: EMG and muscle nerve recordings.

Following stimulation of lumbar cutaneous and high threshold muscle afferents in urethane-anesthetized ovariectomized rats, polysynaptic multi-unit responses were recorded from muscle nerves to lateral longissimus (LL) at a mean latency of 9.5 ms. These responses could be reciprocally evoked between segments with no apparent rostro-caudal asymmetry. Polysynaptic responses habituated to repeated stimulation within 0.5-1.5 min but could be evoked again after several minutes rest. In estradiol-treated rats, 60% of the 9.5 ms responses were followed by late discharges (greater than 40 ms) as compared to 24% in untreated control animals (P = 0.05). Following stimulation to the L3 and L4 motor nerves to lateral longissimus, EMG responses were recorded from overlapping fields of innervation. The conduction velocity of the fast muscle fibers was determined to be 7 m/s. The short length of most of the LL muscle fibers and the intersegmental recruitment of LL motoneurons by cutaneous afferents is compatible with the integrated action of axial muscles in the performance of lordosis behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Facilitation of lordosis in female rats by CNS-site specific infusions of an LH-RH fragment, Ac-LH-RH-(5-10).

Structural alterations of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) molecule have been performed to yield analogs which are more potent than, or which compete with, the parent hormone to increase the release of LH from the pituitary gland. The effects of these analogs on mating behavior, however, do not always parallel their effects on LH release. The present study tested the effectiveness of a pituitary-inactive fragment of LH-RH, namely Ac-LH-RH-(5-10), in potentiating mating behavior in the ovariectomized, estrogen-primed female rat. This fragment, when infused bilaterally into the medial preoptic area (POA), the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), or the midbrain central gray (MCG), significantly enhanced lordosis. Infusion of the fragment into the cerebral cortex was ineffective. Elevated lordotic responding was first apparent in the POA at 15 min postinfusion and was maintained for the duration of the testing session (180 min). Ac-LH-RH-(5-10) infused into the VMH or MCG enhanced lordotic behavior at 90 and 180 min postinfusion. The results indicate that only a portion of the LH-RH molecule may be required for behavioral activity and suggest that degradation of the LH-RH molecule is physiologically relevant.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effects of alpha-2-adrenergic drugs in the medial preoptic area and medial basal hypothalamus on lordosis in the guinea pig.

We have recently demonstrated that (1) stimulation of alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) of ovariectomized (OVX) estradiol-17 beta-benzoate (EB) treated female guinea pigs activates lordotic responding and that (2) inhibition of alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission in the MBH inhibits lordotic responding in EB and progesterone (EB + P) treated females (Neuroendocrinology, in press). In this study, we investigated the relative influence of selective drugs altering alpha-2-adrenergic neuronal transmission within the MBH and medial preoptic area (MPOA) on lordotic responding in EB + P primed females. In EB + P primed females the selective alpha-2-adrenergic agonist UK-14,304 increased the number of seconds EB + P treated females held lordosis at test periods starting 15 min after infusion until test periods 1.5 h after infusion into the MPOA (maximum effect at test period 30 min after infusion, 265% vehicle (VEH); P < 0.005). UK-14,304 also facilitated lordotic responding 15-30 min and 1.5 h after infusion into the MBH of EB + P primed females (maximum effect at test period 30 min after infusion, 223% VEH; P < 0.025). Furthermore, infusing the selective alpha-2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine (YOH) into the MBH of EB + P primed females inhibited lordotic responding between 1.0 and 2.0 h after treatment (maximum 1.5 h, 42% VEH; P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that alpha-2-adrenergic neurotransmission within the regions of the MPOA and the MBH facilitates lordotic responding in the guinea pig.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1996

In vivo evidence for progesterone dependent decreases in serotonin release in the hypothalamus and midbrain central grey: relation to the induction of lordosis.

The effects of progesterone (P) on serotonin (5HT) overflow in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), preoptic area (POA) and midbrain central grey (MCG) were studied using in vivo microdialysis. Ovariectomized rats, pretreated with 5 micrograms estradiol, were anesthetized with chloral hydrate and stereotaxically implanted with dialysis probes directed towards one of the respective brain sites. Extracellular 5HT levels stabilized 3 to 5 h following probe implantation. Under stable baseline conditions, perfusion of 1 microM tetrodotoxin through the dialysis probe resulted in 60-65% reduction in 5HT overflow in the brain areas studied. In experiments testing the effect of P on 5HT overflow, rats were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 mg P or propylene glycol vehicle. Samples were analyzed for 5HT at 20 min intervals for 4 h after treatment. Perfusate levels of 5HT were not significantly changed in the VMH, POA or MCG in vehicle-treated rats. Similarly, P treatment failed to significantly alter 5HT overflow in the POA. In the VMH, perfusate levels of 5HT were significantly reduced 60 min after P treatment. Decreases in perfusate 5HT levels were detected 20 min after P in the MCG. The decreases in 5HT overflow measured in the VMH and MCG following P treatment persisted for the remainder of the sampling period with the exception of 1 time point in the VMH. The results provide in vivo evidence for P-influenced decreases in 5HT release in the VMH and MCG. The rapid decrease in extracellular 5HT in the MCG suggests that this effect may represent a non-genomic action of P. These results are discussed in relation to the role of 5HT in the regulation of lordosis behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Effects of mianserin and ketanserin on lordosis behavior after systemic treatment or infusion into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.

The effects of the 5-HT2A/2C antagonists, mianserin and ketanserin, were investigated in proestrous rats and in ovariectomized rats hormonally primed with estradiol benzoate and progesterone. Drugs were administered systemically or by infusion into the vicinity of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN). By both routes of administration, inhibition of lordosis behavior was seen following treatment with the 5-HT2A/2C antagonists, but the magnitude of the decline was smaller in proestrous than in hormone-primed, ovariectomized rats. The results of these studies are discussed in terms of the dual role of serotonin in the control of female sexual behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Intraventricular administration of l-kynurenine and kynuramine facilitates lordosis in the female rat.

Intraventricular administration of the tryptophan metabolites l-kynurenine (2-32 micrograms) and kynuramine (0.064-8 micrograms) facilitated lordosis behavior in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats. The facilitatory effects of these drugs were not attenuated by pretreatment with the progesterone antagonist RU 38486, indicating that the effects were not mediated by release of adrenal progesterone. It is suggested that l-kynurenine and kynuramine may serve a physiological role in the modulation of female sexual behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Suppression of the lordosis reflex in female rats by chronic central melatonin implants.

Pellets with beeswax:melatonin concentrations of 1:0, 5:1, and 2:1 were implanted near the suprachiasmatic nucleus of ovariectomized female rats. In repeated standard measures of the lordosis reflex after estrogen replacement, females with pellets containing either melatonin concentration were consistently less sexually receptive than were females with pure beeswax implants. Suppression of behavioral receptivity by melatonin is consistent with other antireproductive effects of the hormone. Melatonergic action could account for certain pharmacological findings previously attributed to serotonergic action.

Animals↗