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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[New dermatologist's procedure. Research plans for improving secondary prevention of occupational dermatoses].

The dermatologist's procedure was introduced in 1972 by employers' liability insurance funds in the industrial, agricultural, and public sectors of Germany's statutory occupational accident insurance as a "procedure for early detection of occupational skin diseases." So far, it is still the most relevant tool for secondary prevention in occupational dermatology in Germany. According to the intention of this procedure, insured persons with a skin disease in which an occupational etiology is suspected must be offered preventive measures and, if necessary, given appropriate treatment to avoid job-loss. To improve the efficiency of the "classic" dermatologist's procedure, in 1999, on the initiative of the Central Federation of Industrial Professional Associations, a study group was founded in cooperation with the Task Force on Occupational and Environmental Dermatology of the German Dermatological Society and the Professional Organisation of German Dermatologists. In October 2002, a controlled intervention study started in North-western Germany to scientifically evaluate the "optimised" dermatologist's procedure, which was proposed by the study group and compare it to the standard ("classic") procedure. The study results should allow detailed suggestions for an improved dermatologist's procedure before it is introduced nationwide.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Limitation of medical research in German law.

In Germany, pharmaceutical trials and the testing of medical devices is regulated by statute. Any other kind of medical experimentation is handled according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Medical experimentation has to be reviewed by an ethics committee before the start and there has to be an elaborate research protocol, which provides for the protection of the experimental subject. In case of an accident, there is compulsory accident insurance as far as pharmaceutical trials and the testing of medical devices are concerned. The third party accident insurance just covers material loss, there is no provision paying and suffering. The sum paid by the insurance company is set off against damages for negligence. There is no strict liability for medical experimentation, but the German courts are expected to set very high standards for medical care in experimentation. The data protection and medical confidentiality have been lessened because of the European law that requires the experimental subject to give his consent to the inspection of the data or the file and if he takes part in the experimentation, that his data and some of his cells might be with the pharmaceutical company forever. In general, the German law seems to be adequate to the protection of experimental subjects.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed1975

[Medical insurance estimation of risks].

The purpose of insurance medicine is to make a prognostic estimate of medical risk-factors in persons who apply for life, health, or accident insurance. Established risk-groups with a calculated average mortality and morbidity form the basis for premium rates and insurance terms. In most cases the applicant is accepted for insurance after a self-assessment of his health. Only around one per cent of the applications are refused, but there are cases in which the premium is raised, temporarily or permanently. It is often a matter of rough estimate, since the knowlege of the long-term prognosis for many diseases is incomplete. The insurance companies' rules for estimate of risk are revised at intervals of three or four years. The estimate of risk as regards life insurance has been gradually liberalised, while the medical conditions for health insurance have become stricter owing to an increase in the claims rate.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1987

[The so-called accident neurosis--a controversial concept].

After a short presentation of the legal bases concerning the field of legal accident insurance in the F.R.G., the development of psychic syndromes after accidents is described. The fact is stressed that such a development is always the result of a concurrence of several factors: the personality of the person involved, the accident itself--whereby one has to point out that not the event is decisive, but its result--, the relation between the medical physician and his patient, the fact of being insured against accidents, as well as further effects originating from the patient's environment. In the second part, the problem of judging the causal connection of the psychic symptomatology and the accident is discussed in detail. In this connection the terminological problems are investigated, too. It is underlined that the term "accident neurosis" does not fit at all, because it only seems to be classifying, but in fact different psychic developments demonstrated here in detail, are enclosed in this term. It is suggested to avoid that notion in future. Finally, the problem of granting a pension is discussed; also the question what kind of psychic consequences an actually given pension may bring, and finally the problem of treatment for these difficult patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

[Self-mutilation as insurance fraud].

The case of a self-amputation of the left-sided forefinger is presented. It was an isolated smooth amputation near the basic ankle of the finger without any accompanying injury of other fingers. The victim (a physician) claimed financial compensation from his accident-insurance; his contract included special disability taxes for finger injuries. However, the insurance company did not pay but was able to demonstrate--by means of a medico-legal reconstructive expertise--that the amputation was voluntary and self-inflicted. The argumentation concerning self-mutilation is presented (including the so-called execution-position of the finger and ergonometric aspects). Concerning the surgical care, intervention and diagnostic procedures a detailed documentation of the case history and the morphology of the injury pattern are recommended (especially in isolated finger-amputations of the non-working hand.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Medical opinion and sociopolitical control in the case of occupational diseases in the late nineteenth century.

The identification of hazards to the life and health of industrial workers will be presented in the context of statutory accident insurance in Germany at the turn of the century. From the interplay of industrial and socio-political developments the question arose of how long term risks and illnesses, in particular poisoning, were to be defined. The inclusion of occupational diseases in accident insurance certainly emphasized the biographical dimension of illness, but complicated the preventative function of the 1925 Occupational Disease Ordinance.

Germany↗
PubMed2003

Industrial accident compensation insurance benefits on cerebrovascular and heart disease in Korea.

The purpose of this study is to present the importance of work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease from the viewpoint of expenses. Using the insurance benefit paid for the 4,300 cases, this study estimated the burden of insurance benefits spent on work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease. The number of cases with work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease per 100,000 insured workers were 3.36 in 1995; they were increased to 13.16 in 2000. By the days of occurrence, the estimated number of cases were 1,336 in 2001 (95% CI: 1,211-1,460 cases) and 1,769 in 2005 (CI: 1,610-1,931 cases). The estimated average insurance benefits paid per person with work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease was 75-19 million won for medical care benefit and 56 million won for other benefits except medical care. By considering the increase in insurance payment and average pay, the predicted insurance benefits for work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease was 107.9 billion won for the 2001 cohort and 192.4 billion won for the 2005 cohort. From an economic perspective, the results will be used as important evidence for the prevention and management of work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease.

Accidents↗