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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of small intestinal diseases, causing hemorrhage, and diagnosed with capsule endoscopy].

The wireless video capsule endoscopy is a new, painless, non-invasive technique for imaging the small bowel. It can be used to visualise the entire small bowel in selected patients where bleeding source cannot be verified by conventional diagnostic methods. Authors operated on three patients between November 2002 and March 2003, after intestinal bleeding source was detected by capsule endoscopy. The conventional diagnostic techniques could not provide correct diagnosis. The first patient, a 63-year-old man underwent right hemicolectomy one year earlier because of to colonic cancer. The source of bleeding was local recurrence penetrating into small bowel. The second patient, a 56-year-old woman underwent small bowel resection because of Meckel diverticulitis more than 30 years ago. By capsule endoscopy an ulcer was detected in the anastomosis. In the third case--a 60-year-old woman--an ulcerated leiomyoma was found in the first jejunal loop, next to the duodeno-jejunal flexure. In all the three patients resection was performed. The postoperative periods were uneventful. All patients are free of symptoms since the procedure. Capsule endoscopy was able to localise the source of intestinal bleeding, when conventional diagnostic methods were ineffective.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗
PubMed1976

[Mycobacterial intestinal disease in woodpigeons (Columbia palumbus) (author's transl)].

During and shortly after the second world war, an infection bearing a resemblance to avian tuberculosis was observed in woodpigeons in Denmark and Great Britain. These birds had been found dead or been shot. The patogenic agent, however, could not be isolated by the usual methods. In the Netherlands, the disease was also detected in woodpigeons and occasionally in psittacine birds. The histological changes bore a resemblance to those observed in Johne's disease. Detailed bacteriological and experimental studies showed that there were two different infections. One agent was a mycobacterium of the species, which could not be grown on the usual culture media for M. tuberculosis, whereas it could on the media used in the culture of M. paratuberculosis, particularly Smith's medium. The bacterium also soon becomes rough on this culture medium. As a result, differentiation of serological types by Schaefer's method failed. The other type of mycobacterium (which indeed causes a similar form of intestinal disease) could be readily cultured and was identified as M. avium type 2. The former mycobacterium is still nameless in point of fact but is sometimes wrongly referred to as Mycobacterium columbae. This rod was not found to be pathogenic for the domesticated pigeon (Columba livia), not even when intestinal mucosa containing large numbers of bacteria and obtained from a diseases woodpigeon which had died recently, was inoculated orally in recently hatched specimens of the domesticated pigeon. To account for the appearance of tuberculosis in native woodpigeons, it is suggested that low plasma transferrin levels could result in marked susceptibility to infections such as tuberculosis and trichomoniasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A follow-up study of gastro-intestinal diseases related to bacteriologically substandard drinking water.

In a prospective follow-up study conducted in 52 French alpine villages, one weekly water sample was taken in each village provided with untreated ground water and analyzed as to the presence of four indicator bacteria: total plate count, total coliforms, thermotolerant (fecal) coliforms, and fecal streptococci. Cases of acute gastro-intestinal disease (AGID) occurring among 29,272 inhabitants were reported through physicians, pharmacists, and primary school teachers. A loglinear model identified fecal streptococcus (FS) as the best predictor; the presence of fecal coliforms enhanced the effect of FS. The total bacteria count and the total coliforms had no independent contributions. A threshold analysis suggested that any level of indicator bacteria above zero was associated with an excess of AGID.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Amoebiasis in Jamaica. A forgotten cause of hepato-intestinal disease.

Amoebiasis still occurs in Jamaica. This paper describes the unexpected occurrence of the disease in three adult males, two with colitis and the other with an hepatic abscess. This, to our knowledge, is the first report of amoebiasis in Jamaica for over two decades and serves to underscore the continued need for the inclusion of amoebiasis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained hepato-intestinal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Course of cellular immunity in patients with chronic inflammatory intestinal disease].

In a preliminary study of the immunological aspects of intestinal inflammatory disease we found an immunological deficit of T helper lymphocytes, decreased monocytes and chemotaxis and poor response to nonspecific mitogen stimulus. Based on these findings, the study was repeated in the same patients three years later to confirm the evolution of this deficit. Recuperation was observed in the cases in which the disease evolved favorably, suggesting that certain aspects of the immune disorder might be secondary.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1990

[Hydrogen test: its diagnostic possibilities in intestinal diseases].

The determination of hydrogen in exhaled air by gas chromatography was used for investigation of patients with relapsing diarrhea of various genesis. An increased H level on an empty stomach, regarded as a sign of bacterial growth in the intestine, was detected in 45% of examines, mainly in celiac disease immunodeficiency, intestinal tuberculosis, diverticulosis, diabetic enteropathy, and erosive duodenitis. An increase in the H level in exhaled air after a lactose tolerance test (50 g of lactose) made it possible to diagnose lactose deficiency in 38% of patients with chronic relapsing diarrhea. In the irritable colon syndrome lactose deficiency was detected in 40% of patients.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1996

Push enteroscopy in the investigation of small-intestinal disease.

We report our experience with small-bowel push enteroscopy in 50 patients. The indications for push enteroscopy were: anaemia/occult gastrointestinal bleeding (22 patients); overt gastrointestinal bleeding (17 patients); abnormal small-bowel radiology (8 patients) and miscellaneous (3 patients). In those with undiagnosed gastrointestinal bleeding/anaemia, abnormalities were detected in 24/39 patients (62%): small bowel arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were detected in 19 (49%), and five (13%) had lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Seventeen patients had heater-probe ablation therapy of vascular lesions: nine patients had small-intestinal lesions, four patients gastric lesions, and four patients combined gastric and small-intestinal lesions. In those with abnormal small-bowel radiology, abnormalities were detected in 6/8 patients. We conclude that (i) push enteroscopy can establish a diagnosis in a high proportion of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding; (ii) heater-probe ablation therapy of vascular lesions can be performed routinely at the time of enteroscopy; (iii) a significant proportion of patients (9/50) referred for enteroscopy with undiagnosed gastrointestinal bleeding have lesions in the stomach/proximal duodenum missed at diagnostic endoscopy. Push enteroscopy is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Drug therapy of chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases--current status of 5-aminosalicylic acid].

Assessment of the nature, location and extent of the disease, disease activity and the intestinal and extraintestinal complications and manifestations is an essential prerequisite in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Corticosteroids, sulfasalazine (SASP) and rectal administration of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) are effective in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Oral 5-ASA in the form of a slow-release preparation is probably also effective. Rectal SASP or 5-ASA in addition to corticosteroids is indicated in distal colitis. In severe pancolitis oral or intravenous corticosteroids are required, whilst in less severe forms SASP or 5-ASA can be used. However, the safety of 5-ASA over longer treatment periods has yet to be verified. Surgery is indicated in colitis refractory to maximal treatment over several months. Apart from parenteral or enteral nutrition, treatment with prednisolone is effective in acute exacerbations of Crohn's disease. SASP is possibly effective in colonic disease. The role of 5-ASA has yet to be defined. A prednisolone-induced remission can be maintained by means of low doses of prednisolone. SASP is probably not effective, whilst with 5-ASA conclusive data are missing. Metronidazole and azathioprin are considered to be reserve drugs and can be used in the treatment of fistulae or in order to cut down the dosage of prednisolone during remission. Substitution with vitamins and trace elements is necessary in a large number of patients with Crohn's disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1974

Small intestinal disease in T cell deficiency.

Biopsies of the proximal small bowel were obtained in four children with impairment of cell-mediated immunity, chronic diarrhia, and malabsorption; one child had an isolated T cell defect and three had significant B and T cell defects. All of them had malabsorption and, in addition to alterations of the small bowel epithelium, large vacuolated macrophages were seen in the lamina propria in all biopsies. Electron microscopy demonstrated lipid and patches of small pleomorphic inclusions within the macrophages. Since large vacuolated macrophages have also been described in Whipple's disease and chronic granulomatous disease, we suggest the possibility of a common thread of defective host defense and gastrointestinal malfunction in these three conditions.

B-Lymphocytes↗