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PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical and radiographic success of bonded resin composite strip crowns for primary incisors.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and radiographic success of the treatment of maxillary anterior primary incisors with composite resin strip crowns placed in a private practice setting. METHODS: This was a retrospective, clinical study of patients who had strip crowns (SC) placed on maxillary primary incisors, returned for at least 1, 6-month recall examination, and whose parents consented to participate in the study. Radiographic and photographic examinations were used for evaluation. Two evaluators rated the images independently. When ratings were not in agreement, the 2 examiners reviewed the photograph or radiograph together and reached a consensus rating. RESULTS: One hundred twelve restorations placed in 40 children were evaluated. The evaluations were performed after the crowns had been in place for an average of 18 months. None of the restorations were totally lost, and only 12% were rated as having lost some resin material, resulting in an 88% overall retention rate. There was no difference in restoration success if the crowns were placed 4 at a time, or if fewer crowns were placed in a single sitting; the failure rates were comparable. Teeth that had pulpal treatment were judged to have far more significant color match discrepancies than those teeth without pulpal treatment. Ninety-one percent of the teeth demonstrated healthy pulps. Eight percent had some pulpal changes but did not require immediate attention. Only 1 tooth showed radiographic evidence of pulpal necrosis. Only 11 teeth had pulpal treatment, but of these, 10 demonstrated clinical success. CONCLUSIONS: Composite resin strip crowns for restoring primary incisors with large or multisurface caries performed well. Color match of these crowns with adjacent teeth may be significantly reduced when placed upon teeth that have undergone pulpectomy treatment and have been obturated with an iodoform paste. However, based upon the results of this study, the strip crown may provide an esthetic and durable restoration for carious primary incisors.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2004

Orthodontic treatment of fused and geminated central incisors: a case report.

A 10-year old Egyptian male presented with a geminated upper right central incisor along with a fused and rotated upper left central incisor in cross bite. He also had severe crowding in the maxillary arch and a congenitally missing lower right first permanent premolar. Orthodontic treatment was carried out to align upper right and left central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines. Treatment options were discussed.

Anodontia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthodontic-surgical management of an impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisor: a clinical case report.

Dilaceration is one of the causes of maxillary central incisor eruption failure. Surgical excision is frequently the first choice of treatment for a severely dilacerated incisor. In this article, the case of a horizontally impacted and dilacerated maxillary central incisor was diagnosed and treated by surgical exposure using the apically repositioned flap technique combined with orthodontic traction. The dilacerated incisor was successfully moved into alignment, with pulpal vitality and periodontal health present 2 years following treatment.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dentists' and parents' perceptions of health, esthetics, and treatment of maxillary primary incisors.

PURPOSE: Dentists' and parents' assessment of primary maxillary incisors regarding attractiveness, perceived health, and treatment preferences were investigated in this study. METHODS: Sample groups of 103 general dentists, 67 pediatric dentists, 97 parents of children in low-income families and 112 parents of children in high-income families completed questionnaires presenting color photographs and radiographs of maxillary incisors. Questions addressed treatment need, health beliefs, and demographics. RESULTS: All groups recognized grossly carious teeth and carious teeth with visible sinus tracts as unhealthy and unattractive. All agreed that grossly carious teeth warranted extraction (dentists = 92%, parents = 73%). For carious teeth with sinus tracts, dentists favored extraction and restorations while parents favored fluoride application. Dentists rated a dark incisor as healthy and not requiring treatment. Parents rated a dark incisor as neutral for attractiveness and health, but favored extraction or restoration. All groups found anterior steel crowns esthetically unacceptable. Trust of the dentist, pain for the child, and dentist skill was important for parents in treatment plan acceptance. CONCLUSIONS: A dentist's inexperience in pediatrics may result in a failure to diagnose or recognize the significance of some conditions. Proper parental education can better inform parents on dental conditions requiring prompt professional attention. Although parents today are more involved in clinical decision-making, they still rely on the dentist's expertise and advice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2005

[Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the stress of mandibular incisor with different level of alveolar bone].

By three-dimensional finite element analysis,the present research inquired about the stress on the surface of alveolar bone of mandibular incisor with different level of bone loss under different loadings. For the mandibular incisor without bone loss, the maximums of the von Mises stress under vertical and 15 degree oblique loading were 13.171 and 14.315 MPa respectively, both located in the apical region, and the lingual displacement of the tooth were 0.056 and 0.197mm respectively; under 30 degree oblique loading, the maximum of the von Mises stress was 15.262 MPa, located not only in the apical region but also on the crest, and the lingual displacement of the tooth was 0.324 mm. However, when vertical loading was applied on the mandibular incisor with half of the alveolar bone loss, the maximum of the stress increased significantly, located in the apical regions. And under oblique loadings, the value of the stress of this model increased dramatically,being three to five times over that of mandibular incisor without bone loss. Both of them concentrated on the crest. The scope of its distribution decreased from area to point. The significant lingual displacement happened, amounting to 2.850 mm. So when the loss of alveolar bone is not less than half,occlusal adjustment and splinting should be considered during the initial treatment of periodontal disease in order to avoid the significant change of the stress and alleviate the damage to the periodontal tissues.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term photographic and radiographic assessment of bonded resin composite strip crowns for primary incisors: results after 3 years.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the photographic and radiographic success of the treatment of maxillary anterior primary incisors with composite resin strip crowns (SCs) placed in a private-practice setting after a minimum of 18 months. METHODS: This was a retrospective, clinical study of patients who had SCs placed on primary maxillary incisors, returned for at least one 18-month recall examination, and whose parents consented to participate in the study. Radiographic and photographic examinations were used for evaluation. Two evaluators rated the images independently. RESULTS: One hundred forty-five restorations, placed in 52 children, were evaluated. The evaluations were performed after the crowns had been in place for an average of 31.3 months. None of the restorations were totally lost: 20% were rated as having lost some resin material, resulting in an 80% overall retention rate; 92% of the teeth demonstrated healthy pulps; 6% had some pulpal changes, but did not require immediate attention. Only 2 teeth showed radiographic evidence of pulpal pathology requiring treatment. CONCLUSIONS: SCs performed well for restoring primary incisors with large or multisurface caries for periods of over 3 years. This study suggests that SCs are likely to be successful and may be indicated as an excellent treatment choice for carious primary incisors with adequate tooth structure after caries removal, especially if esthetic concerns predominate.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Labial and lingual talon cusps of a primary lateral incisor: a case report.

Talon cusp occurs as a result of disturbances during the morpho-differentiation stage of tooth development. It is more common on the palatal surface of the permanent maxillary incisors. It can be unilateral/bilateral, but can also occur on the same tooth. Only 2 published reports exist documenting talons on both labial and lingual surfaces of the same tooth in permanent incisors. The purpose of this case report was to present a rare case of a facial and palatal talon cusp on the primary maxillary right lateral incisor in a 5-year-old girl with bilateral cleft lip. In this case, the morphology of the primary incisor was "+" shaped on occlusal view.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2005

Immediate Osseotite implant placement and immediate loading of a provisional restoration of maxillary lateral incisors.

This article describes the immediate replacement of two maxillary lateral incisors teeth after extraction of the left lateral deciduous incisor at the same time with immediate Osseotite implants and immediate restoration. A traumatic dental extraction of a deciduos (b) lateral incisor was performed and a 4mm diameter x 15 mm 3i tapered Osseotite (Implants Innovations, Palm Beach, CA, USA) implant was immediately placed. The other lateral incisor place was treated at the same time and provisional temporary crowns were placed at the same surgery. The provisional crowns did not have any occlusal contact to reduce negative lateral forces. Final impression for definitive restoration was made five months after implant placement veneer ceramic crowns were bonded to the Gingihue abutment (3i, Implants Innovations, Palm Beach, CA) one month later. This article describes the use of immediate implants with immediate loading of Osseotite combined with provisional crowns resulted in an excellent outcome after a two-year follow up period.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Part 1: esthetic judgment of treatment options.

AIM: To determine how general dentists, orthodontists, combined dental specialists, and laypeople judged the relative attractiveness of a series of photographs of teeth that included cases with congenitally missing incisors to compare the esthetic appeal of various treatment options. METHODS: The photographs included cases with Maryland bridges, dental implants, and orthodontic substitution of the lateral incisors with the canines. Cases with no missing teeth were included as controls. The subjects rated each photograph independently, assigning a number between 1 and 5 for each of a series of 7 bipolar adjectives. Each photograph was given an overall score from 7 (best) through 35 (worst) for use in statistical analysis (ANOVA). RESULTS: Results indicated that general dentists, orthodontists, combined dental specialists, and laypeople differed in their evaluations of the photographs, which represented multiple treatment options for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors. CONCLUSIONS: Including esthetics of the finished result as an advantage or disadvantage for either restoration or canine substitution of the lateral incisors could be misleading to the patient because the judgment of esthetics of a smile can vary from one person to another or from one dental professional to another, as indicated in this study.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of overdosed fluoride on rat's incisor expression of matrixmetalloproteinase-20 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of overdosed fluoride on the expression of MMP-20 and TIMP-2 in rat incisor. METHODS: 20 Wistar rats were randomly divided into experiment group and control group. The distilled water was given in control group. 100 mg/L fluoride- was given in experiment group. After 8 weeks treatment, the rats were killed. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of MMP-20 and TIMP-2 in rat incisors. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical results demonstrated the presence of MMP-20 and TIMP-2 protein in ameloblasts, odontoblasts, stratum intermedium and the stellate reticulum of rat incisor. The imagination analysis results showed that the expression of MMP-20 was reduesed in experiment group (P<0.01), and the expression of TIMP-2 had no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The overdosed fluoride inhibits the secretion of MMP-20 and leads to the disturbed balance between MMP-20, TIMP-2 in rat incisor, which leads to the delay of the amelogenin removal and the enamel demineralization.

Ameloblasts↗
PubMed2006

[Root canal curvature in chinese mandibular permanent incisors].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the root canal curvature in Chinese mandibular permanent incisors. METHODS: Two hundred and ninety nine Chinese mandibular permanent incisors were included in this study. The root canals were inserted with stainless steel 15# K files, and then taken radiography from the facial and proximal view by X-ray paralleling technique. Canal curvatures were evaluated by measuring the angle, the radius of the curvatures, and the length of the curved part of the canal. Based on the curved angle and the shape of curved canals, the root canals were classified. RESULTS: The curved angle, radius, and the curved canal length was 5.28 degrees +/- 5.52 degrees, 16.19 mm +/- 12.38 mm, 4.10 mm+/-2.01 mm, respectively in the facial view; 9.99 degrees +/- 5.84 degrees, 18.86 mm +/- 9.71 mm, 3.27 mm +/- 2.39 mm, respectively in the proximal view. The prevalence of straight, light, moderate, and serve curved root canals in mandibular permanent incisors was 15.7%, 66.9%, 16.7%, and 0.7%, respectively (P<0.05) based on the curved angle. The prevalence of straight, L shape, and S shape curved root canals was 7.7%, 50.5%, and 41.8%, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Most of the root canals in mandibular permanent incisors are curve.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed2006

[Association of root canal therapy difficulty with canal anatomic factors in mandibular permanent incisors].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of root canal therapy difficulty with canal anatomic factors in Chinese mandibular permanent incisors. METHODS: Two hundred and ninety nine Chinese permanent incisors were included in this study. The following anatomic items of the root canal were observed: Root canal length, number of root canal, morphology, curvature, and calcification of pulp chamber and root canal. Based on the root canal therapy evaluation criteria, the root canal therapy difficult scores were assessed. The association of root canal therapy difficulty with canal anatomic factors was analyzed with logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The root canal therapy difficulty grade I, grade II and grade Ill in Chinese mandibular permanent incisors were 29.4%, 20.1% and 50.5%, respectively. The root canal therapy difficulty was significantly associated with the root canal length, number, calcification, and curvature (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: The root canal therapy difficulty in Chinese mandibular permanent incisor is significantly with root canal anatomy.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1991

In vitro study of the incidence of radicular grooves in maxillary incisors.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of radicular grooves in 500 central and 421 lateral extracted maxillary incisors. Radicular grooves were present in 2.0% of the central and 2.6% of the lateral maxillary incisors. The majority of radicular grooves in central maxillary incisors were detected on the buccal root surface (1.6%), and fewer on the lingual root surface (0.4%). In lateral maxillary incisors, the radicular grooves were always observed on the lingual surface.

Brazil↗
PubMed1991

Agenesis of the permanent lateral incisor: distribution, number and sites.

Agenesis of the lateral incisor was examined in 112 patients (42 males and 70 females). The distribution of this condition was assessed according to site, symmetry of the anomaly and the number missing for both males and females. Hypodontia of both maxillary lateral incisors was the most common form of agenesis recorded, with the absence of lateral incisors in the maxilla occurring in 91 per cent of the sample studied. Hypodontia in the maxilla was recorded more frequently in females (61 subjects) than in males (30 subjects) at a ratio of 2:1 respectively. Absence of lower lateral incisors was rare.

Anodontia↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of lower incisor positions after treatment and in postretention period, in Cl. I cases treated with Begg and Edgewise techniques].

The lower incisor positions have an important role in obtaining optimum occlusion and esthetics with orthodontic therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate in longterm, the lower incisor positions of class I anterior crowding cases which were treated with Begg and Edge wise techniques. For this purpose lateral cephalometric radiographs of 20 Edge wise and 11 Begg cases which were treated by extraction of the four first bicuspids are evaluated. In all the cases T to NB (mm) T to NB (angle) and IMPA parameters examined before treatment, just after active therapy and in an average of 5 years postretention period. In cases which were treated with Begg mechanics, statistically important improvement is found in IMPA values after treatment. Lower incisors were stable in postretention period and there were no statistically significant differences when we compared the "after treatment" and "postretention" incisor positions in both treatment groups.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1990

[Dimensions of deciduous and permanent incisors in cases with Class II division 1 and 2 malocclusions].

The analysis of mesiodistal dimensions of the upper and lower incisors (in total and separately) has been carried out in order to investigate the interdependence of sizes of the teeth with defined malocclusions. The investigation included 180 cases of both sexes, out of which 90 had deciduous dentition and other 90 examinees had permanent dentition. There were 120 examinees with Class II malocclusion (60 with Class II/1, and 60 with Class II/2), whereas the rest of 60 examinees with normal occlusion were used as the control group. Gnathometric measurements were made on the plaster casts with calipher precision of 0.1 mm and were double checked. Computer analysis of the results obtained emphasized the following: the heterogeneity of findings in the deciduous dentition does not allow hypothesis of a connection between sizes of the deciduous incisors and defined malocclusions; in the permanent dentition the examinees with Class II division 1 malocclusion have significantly the largest incisors, and the smallest the examinees with class II division 2 malocclusion; the greatest difference in the size between the deciduous and permanent incisors was found in the examinees with Class II division 1 malocclusion and the smallest difference was found in the examinees with normal occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Severe root resorption of maxillary incisors and ectopic eruption of maxillary canine].

A 12-year-old female with severe root resorption in the maxillary left central and lateral incisors (Case 1) and a 27-years-old female with the maxillary left canine erupted in the position of the central incisor (Case 2) were examined and treated. The findings and treatment procedures were as follows: 1. In Case 1, severe root resorption was caused by the ectopic eruption of the canine. On the lingual surface, the resorption had proceeded to a part of enamel. 2. In the Case 1, after the central and lateral incisors were extracted, the canine was carefully guided into the position of the lateral incisor. 3. In Case 2, treatment was not performed, because the chief compliant was carious lesions and the patient did not mind the malposition of the canine. 4. In both Case 1 and 2, the main reason of ectopic eruption of canines was presumably not a discrepancy between the tooth material and the basal arch length but the malposition of the tooth germ and/or abnormal eruption process of the canine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Descriptions of incisors of known-age Cape mountain zebras, Equus zebra zebra, from the Mountain Zebra National Park.

Twelve sets of incisors of Cape mountain zebras, 9 of which were from known-age individuals ranging in age from 11 months to 19 years, from the Mountain Zebra National Park, are described and depicted to illustrate not only the eruption and replacement sequence, but also the changes with increasing age in the configuration of the occlusal surfaces and of the infudibulum. Infundibula persist in maxillary incisors longer than in mandibular incisors. Shallow infundibula were still present in the maxillary incisors of a 19-year-old mare at least 4 years later than in plains zebras, E. burchelli, from the Kruger National Park. The physiological life span of Cape mountain zebras appears to be at least 26 years.

Age Determination by Teeth↗