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PubMedDate not supplied

Overcoming health-systems constraints to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.

Effective interventions exist for many priority health problems in low income countries; prices are falling, and funds are increasing. However, progress towards agreed health goals remains slow. There is increasing consensus that stronger health systems are key to achieving improved health outcomes. There is much less agreement on quite how to strengthen them. Part of the challenge is to get existing and emerging knowledge about more (and less) effective strategies into practice. The evidence base also remains remarkably weak, partly because health-systems research has an image problem. The forthcoming Ministerial Summit on Health Research seeks to help define a learning agenda for health systems, so that by 2015, substantial progress will have been made to reducing the system constraints to achieving the MDGs.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1977

Setting priorities in health services.

A growing recognition that our resources are not limitless has made it necessary for us to abandon the concept of unlimited production and consumption and to set priorities among the goods and services that society is to provide. The author argues that determining priorities in the area of health services should be done on a rational basis, with increased emphasis on primary prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Protection of mental health: a priority task of the state and the society].

The paper is devoted to the World Health Day 2001--Mental Health Day. It gives a history of World Health Day. The state of the psychiatric science in Russia, the reforms carried out in psychiatry during the last decade and some measures of the perspective development of Russian psychiatry, proposed by the scientists and by the heads of some regional psychiatric services during the last years are considered.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Targeting sexually transmitted infections.

Nurses and other healthcare professionals working in the field of sexual health face significant challenges. The way that resources, which are allocated on the basis of the Choosing Health consultation, are used will have an impact on service modernisation and new opportunities for service delivery. But targets and the desire among PCTs to meet their LDPs must not compromise clinical quality, and robust mechanisms for clinical governance must be set in place. These should include: The education and training of all healthcare professionals, The development of effective pathways for referral to specialist GUM providers, Arrangements for ongoing supervision and support of clinical work undertaken in non GUM settings. For many patients, access to services and plurality of supply are of paramount importance. New technology is making different patterns of service delivery possible, as is better use and development of staff, particularly nurses. Nurses however must decide upon and, if necessary, develop nationally recognised specialist education in STIs that supports the development of skills and expertise from novice to expert. Whether this education should, and could, be delivered uni- or multiprofessionally is a matter for ongoing debate. What must be clarified however are the levels of competence achieved and their parity across professional groups. Ultimately, whether government targets are achievable remains to be seen. What is important is the fact that, by setting targets, the government has finally recognised STIs and GUM as health priorities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Norms for telematics in health care: priorities in Belgium.

A Commission has been established by Royal Decree in order to make recommendations to Ministers of Social Affairs and Public Health in matters related to standards in telematics for the health care sector in Belgium. The present strategic plan has three priorities: (1) To obtain coherent information systems allowing uniform data transfer between hospital and ambulatory care, using quality labels supported financially and taking in account long-term archiving. (2) To develop secure and standardised communication systems using electronic signature and standard messages in XML. The implementation of health professionals and patient identifiers is in progress. (3) To reinforce collaboration between health care services by using a health network prototype linked both to general practitioners and hospital institutions.

Belgium↗
PubMed2003

Understanding older women's health care concerns: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Older women often have different physical and psychological health priorities compared to men, and health systems must strive to extend and improve health care delivery to meet older women's specific health care needs. The goal of this study was to obtain information from older women on how to improve health care services to best support their efforts to age successfully and receive optimal quality health care in later life. METHODS: Focus groups were conducted among women aged 65 or older recruited from the community in the Montreal, Quebec area. A total of 36 women participated. The focus group sessions were audiotaped, and the transcripts of each session were analyzed for issues and themes emerging from the text. Content analysis using the framework approach was used to explore and understand the experience of the focus group participants. The data from the text were then coded according to the relevant and emergent ideas and concepts. RESULTS: Participants felt that their physical health care needs were being met, but that a number of issues relating to psychological health were inadequately addressed by health care professionals. The importance of feeling validated as active participants in a health care relationship, recognition of fears and anxieties associated with aging, and the need for information-sharing and education were all viewed as important health care priorities for older women. Time and accessibility were identified as the most significant barriers towards receiving optimal health care in later life. INTERPRETATION: The current health care system does not meet the global health care needs of older women. Health care leaders must recognize that success in program development and delivery for older women will require designing clinical programs that address both the physiological and psychosocial requirements of women. Only when women feel that they are being cared for in a comprehensive manner, one that includes attention to physical, psychological and emotional health, are we likely to be delivering health care that optimally promotes successful aging.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2003

Understanding older women's health care concerns: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Older women often have different physical and psychological health priorities compared to men, and health systems must strive to extend and improve health care delivery to meet older women's specific health care needs. The goal of this study was to obtain information from older women on how to improve health care services to best support their efforts to age successfully and receive optimal quality health care in later life. METHODS: Focus groups were conducted among women aged 65 or older recruited from the community in the Montreal, Quebec, area. A total of 36 women participated. The focus group sessions were audiotaped, and the transcripts of each session were analyzed for issues and themes emerging from the text. Content analysis using the framework approach was used to explore and understand the experience of the focus group participants. The data from the text were then coded according to the relevant and emergent ideas and concepts. RESULTS: Participants felt that their physical health care needs were being met, but that a number of issues relating to psychological health were inadequately addressed by health care professionals. The importance of feeling validated as active participants in a health care relationship, recognition of fears and anxieties associated with aging, and the need for information-sharing and education were all viewed as important health care priorities for older women. Time and accessibility were identified as the most significant barriers towards receiving optimal health care in later life. INTERPRETATION: The current health care system does not meet the global health care needs of older women. Health care leaders must recognize that success in program development and delivery for older women will require designing clinical programs that address both the physiological and psychosocial requirements of women. Only when women feel that they are being cared for in a comprehensive manner, one that includes attention to physical, psychological and emotional health, are we likely to be delivering health care that optimally promotes successful aging.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2003

Identifying occupational therapists' referral priorities in community health.

Occupational therapists in British community mental health teams have been debating how the most effective services can be targeted at the most needy clients. This paper presents the results of a quantitative study that examined 40 British occupational therapists' referral prioritization policies. Results showed half of the participants felt their generic responsibilities, which involved having care co-ordination responsibilities, were too large. Only 25% of participants co-ordinated care for clients whose needs were related to occupational dysfunction. Judgement analysis, that involved regressing the 40 individuals' prioritization decisions onto the 90 respective referral scenarios, was used to statistically model how referral information had been weighted. Group agreement of prioritization was moderate with the reason for referral, history of violence and diagnosis being given the most weighting. Consistency in policy application, as measured by examining prioritization decisions on identical referrals, showed wide variability. Further research is required to identify the optimal and most stable policies within this group.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1998

Priorities for mental health and learning disability nurse education in the UK: a case study.

The closure of psychiatric and mental handicap hospitals, the emphasis on community rather than hospital care and the distinction between health and social care for people in the community, with its funding implications, have demanded that mental health and learning disability nurses face the challenges of developing new skills and new ways of working. In this paper the findings of a study funded by the English National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (ENB) are reported. This study explored the impact of these reforms on nurses and their practice, and identified the educational needs of mental health and learning disability nurses that have changed as a result. The study took a multiple-case study approach and involved interviews with 22 'key informants' and 88 mental health and 59 learning disability stakeholders in six sites, three in each nursing specialty. Inductive analysis of the interview data revealed 20 categories which summarize the major issues facing the two nursing specialties. These categories are discussed under seven themes and issues for nurse education are raised.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗