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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[The effects of lengthening the femur in children with sequelae of hematogenic osteomyelitis on the state of the stabilized hip joint].

The influence of stretching the femur on the state of stabilized hip joint after acute hematogenic osteomyelitis of the proximal part of the femur bone was studied in 47 children aged from 9 to 18 years. The restoration of the lower extremity length was obtained by the 4-12.5 cm stretching of the femur with the help of the Ilizarov apparatus and the wire-rod apparatus. The X-ray and radionuclide (three-phase dynamic osteoscintigraphy) methods were used. Long-term results were followed-up during the period from 1 to 12 years. It was found that stretching the injured femur not only failed to destabilize the hip joint and to worsen its state but maintained and increased the effect of the stabilizing operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The hip joint: arthroscopic procedures and postoperative rehabilitation.

Recent technological improvements have resulted in a greater number of surgical options available for individuals with hip joint pathology. These options are particularly pertinent to the relatively younger and more active population. The diagnosis and treatment of acetabular labral tears have become topics of particular interest. Improvements in diagnostic capability and surgical technology have resulted in an increased number of arthroscopic procedures being performed to address acetabular labral tears and associated pathology. Associated conditions include capsular laxity, femoral-acetabular impingement, and chondral lesions. Arthroscopic techniques include labral tear resection, labral repair, capsular modification, osteoplasty, and microfracture procedures. Postoperative rehabilitation following arthroscopic procedures of the hip joint carries particular concerns regarding range of motion, weight-bearing precautions, and initiation of strength activities. Postoperative rehabilitation protocols that have been typically used for surgeries such as total hip arthroplasty are often not sufficient for the population of patients undergoing arthroscopic procedures of the hip joint. Postoperative rehabilitation should be based upon the principles of tissue healing as well as individual patient characteristics. As arthroscopic procedures to address acetabular labral tears and associated pathology evolve, physical therapists have the opportunity to play a significant role through the development of corresponding rehabilitation protocols.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed1997

Diagnostic infiltration of the hip joint with bupivacain in adult acetabular dysplasia.

The authors performed a double-blind randomized study considering the use of selective infiltration of the hip joint with bupivacain 0.5% as a diagnostic tool in mild and moderate acetabular dysplasia in the adult. In 40 patients with symptomatic acetabular dysplasia the hip joint was infiltrated with either bupivacain 0.5% or placebo in a double-blind setting. Patients were scored for pain before the injection and for pain relief on a visual analogue scale (VAS) immediately after the injection and after two weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for pain relief and duration of pain relief. Duration of pain relief was significantly related to severity of pain before the injection. Diagnostic infiltration of the hip joint with bupivacain in mild and moderate acetabular dysplasia does not prove to be a reliable diagnostic aid in the decision to treat this condition operatively. However, it might be valuable in cases with advanced osteoarthritis: further studies should be undertaken.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1997

Functional evaluation of flail hip joint after periacetabular resection of the pelvis.

Five patients subjected to flail hip joint after resection of primary bone tumor of the pelvis involving acetabular region were examined with respect to function. When a thick portion of the supraacetabular pelvic neck was left in place, the operated legs functioned well regardless of whether the head of the femur was placed anterior or posterior to the iliac wing. In a patient who had only a thin portion of the iliac wing left in place and in those who underwent total excision of the ilium or hemiresection of the pelvis, the function of operated legs was poorer than with a thick portion of the supraacetabular pelvic neck left in place, but still more than 50% of leg function remained. Although flail hip joint results in a larger leg-length discrepancy than do other techniques, it enables favorable healing of the operative wound. Therefore, this method should be considered for women or sedentary patients with primary bone tumor of the pelvis involving acetabular region.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1996

Numerical and experimental stress analysis of a polymeric composite hip joint prosthesis.

A comparative stress analysis of a polymeric composite hip joint replacement was performed. A prototype short carbon-fiber reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) prosthesis was manufactured by injection molding. Finite element (FE) analysis was conducted on intact femurs and femurs fitted with the CF/ PEEK and the titanium prostheses under various loading conditions. FE models were validated by experimental strain gauge measurements by using synthetic femurs. There was a good agreement between the two methods except in the hoop strain of the femur in the calcar region because of the assumption of the isotropic material properties. The stem stresses were lower for the CF/PEEK prosthesis than for the titanium prosthesis. The maximum stress was in the spigot of the CF/PEEK prosthesis, but in the middle third of the stem of the titanium prosthesis. Stress generated in the cement was almost equal for both prostheses although more load was transferred, via cement, to the femur with the CF/ PEEK prosthesis because the load transfer took place over a larger area. An out-of-plane component of the joint load causes higher prosthesis and cement stresses.

Benzophenones↗
PubMed2002

Computer determination of contact stress distribution and size of weight bearing area in the human hip joint.

The mathematical models and the corresponding computer program for determination of the hip joint contact force, the contact stress distribution, and the size of the weight bearing area from a standard anteroposterior radiograph are described. The described method can be applied in clinical practice to predict an optimal stress distribution after different operative interventions in the hip joint and to analyze the short and long term outcome of the treatment of various pathological conditions in the hip. A group of dysplastic hips and a group of normal hips were examined, with respect to the peak contact stress normalized by the body weight, and with respect to the functional angle of the weight bearing area. It is shown that both these parameters can be used in the assessment of hip dysplasia.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The transgluteal approach in hip joint arthroplasty].

The so-called "transgluteal approach" to the hip joint, which was worked out at the Orthopaedic Department of the University Innsbruck, is described. This approach has been applied at the Innsbruck hospital for the implantation of artificial hip joint since 1973. A comparative study shows that the transgluteal approach does not show any disadvantages when compared with the technique of Watson-Jones, but has the following advantages: easily practicable, no transverse section of the muscles, clear exposure, especially at the site of the resection at the proximal end of femur, easy wound closure.

Buttocks↗
PubMed2002

[Diagnosis and surgical therapy of diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis of the hip joint].

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the hip is a monoarticular proliferative process involving the synovial membrane. A chronic inflammation as well as a neoplastic process have been proposed in the literature. PVNS is usually found in adults aged 20-50 years, without sex predilection. The knee is by far the commonest location, followed by the hip. We present a detailed case report of a 25-year-old man with PVNS of the hip. The physical examination was completely normal. Radiographs of the hip show erosions in the head and neck of the femur and the acetabulum. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a suspected malignant soft tissue mass involving the hip joint. The diagnosis of PVNS was confirmed by arthroscopy and biopsy, and the treatment of choice was an open synovectomy. One year after the operation the clinical examination was normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The use of the saddle prosthesis for reconstruction of the hip joint after tumor resection of the pelvis.

Reconstruction of the hip joint by a saddle prosthesis after excision of a malignant pelvic tumor is a relatively new method, which thus far has been mainly used for revision of infected hip arthroplasties. One patient with a metastatic cystosarcoma phyllodes and one patient with a chondrosarcoma of the pelvis were treated by local resection and reconstruction with a saddle prosthesis. Although the patient with the metastatic cystosarcoma phyllodes died 9 months after surgery due to metastatic disease, both patients had early recovery, with no difference in leg length and obtained early painless complete weight bearing with satisfactory functional result. These two case reports clearly illustrate the usefulness of the saddle prostheses in limb saving surgery for malignant tumors of the pelvis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Experiences with the condition of resection of the hip joint following removal of the alloarthroplastic implantate (author's transl)].

30 patients whose total endoprosthesis of the hip joint had been removed without any replacement, thus creating a so-called state of secondary resection, were followed up 6 months to 6 years after the operation. It was found that in almost two-thirds of the cases a subjective feeling of improved mobility was reported. The objective findings consisted in restrictions of the total rotation, abduction and adduction of 1/3 rd of the normal extent of mobility. An average value of 74.7 degrees was recorded for flexion. 28 patients stated that their walking performance was satisfactory to very good when using a walking-stick as support. More than three-quarters of the patients questioned stated their pain had been positively influenced by the creation of the state of secondary resection. Another objective finding was a difference between the length of the legs amounting to 4.2 cm on the average. We could prove the existence of a relationship between the difference in leg length and the roentgenologically visualised supporting of the resection area of the coxal end of the femur at the lateral pelvis. Since all the patients with the exception of two could resume their customary daily routine activities, the state of secondary resection after unsuccessful total endoprosthesis of the hip joint must be considered a reasonably acceptable alternative.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Septic arthritis of the hip joint: sonographic and CT findings.

Two patients with acute bacterial arthritis of the hip joint were suspected clinically to have a psoas abscess. For this reason a computed tomographic scan of the abdomen and pelvis (two patients) and ultrasonography (one patient) were requested. These scans showed no evidence of an abscess in the abdominal cavity nor retroperitoneum but did demonstrate a hip joint effusion which was compatible with septic arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Tomographic study of the arthroscopic approaches to the hip joint.

PURPOSE: The anatomic depth of the hip joint has long been one of the limiting factors in the development of arthroscopy of this particular joint. A major factor would seem to be variation in body size. The main purpose of this study was to quantify the distance between the joint and the skin in usual arthroscopic approaches. TYPE OF STUDY: In vivo radiologic study using computed tomography. METHODS: We studied the distance from the center of the acetabulum to the skin. The lines that we studied correspond to the paratrochanteric, the anterolateral, and anterior arthroscopic entry points. RESULTS: Although notable differences exist from one individual to another, the average values of the aforementioned are 12.4 cm, 11.2 cm, and 9.8 cm, respectively. The distances of these portals are greater in women than in men (P <.05), and there is no statistically significant relationship to age. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present work suggest that surgical tools needed for arthroscopy of the hip should be more than 16 cm long to guarantee performing hip arthroscopy comfortably in more that 95% of the population.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1996

Effect of posture on hip joint moment during pregnancy, while performing a standing task.

In this paper the combined effect on reactive hip joint moment due to changes in (1) segment mass, (2) trunk centre of mass, and (3) working posture during pregnancy was estimated, and the relative contributions of these three changes to the change in the moment were assessed. The situation studied concerned standing work at a table. Sixteen women were studied monthly during pregnancy. The working posture was assessed by two-dimensional photographic posture recording and description. Body dimensions were measured to assess segment characteristics. A two-dimensional static model was used to estimate the reactive hip joint moment at 10, 20, 30 and 40 weeks of pregnancy. Between 10 and 40 weeks of pregnancy the moment increase was 52 Nm, i.e. the load at 40 weeks of pregnancy is 2.8 times the load at 10 weeks of pregnancy. On average half of this increase was due to postural changes. Changes in segment mass, trunk centre of mass, and the interaction between the three changes accounted for rougly 10, 20 and 15% of the load increase respectively. The increase in reactive hip joint moment may be minimized by preventing adverse postural changes, and optimizing the posture to reduce the contribution of changes in body weight (distribution).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Mechanical analysis of the human pelvis and its application to the artificial hip joint--by means of the three dimensional finite element method.

Mechanical analysis of the human pelvis and the hip joint was performed by means of a three-dimensional finite element method by ASKA program. Two models each standing on one leg were made, one was the pelvis with the physiological hip joint, in the other pelvis part of the cartilage and subchondral bone was replaced with Al2O3 ceramic materials. In this study, we obtained; (1) the various deformations and displacements of the whole pelvis, the pelvic ring and the acetabulum and (2) the principal stress, the maximum shear stress and the Von mises stress on the surface of the whole pelvis and in various horizontal sections of the whole pelvis.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

The prophylactic use of antibiotics in alloarthroplasty of the hip joint for coxarthrosis.

In alloarthroplasty of the hip joint due to coxarthrosis a randomized prospective controlled study was performed to test the efficiency of prophylactic antibiotics in reducing the postoperative infection rate. The minimum follow-up time was 730 days. There were three infections (two superficial and one deep) in the group who received antibiotics (105 patients), 10 infections (two superficial and eight deep) in the control group (89 patients). The overall rates of infections and also the rate of the deep wound infections were significantly lower in patients who received prophylactic antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1996

Hip joint congruence: experimental studies.

Three-dimensional imaging of hip joint preparations was carried out by means of computed tomography (CT). On the assumption that the head of the femur and acetabulum are incongruent, a special experimental design was used to quantify the extent and direction of the gliding movement of the head and socket. A series of CT images in the supine and prone positions was made from hip preparations, and the cartilage was visualized by injecting a contrast medium. In all the preparations dorsal movement was noted in the supine position, and ventral movement in the prone position. Cryomicrotome slices of the hip preparations were used to verify the results of our CT scans and the measurements correlated with the anatomical examinations. Thus, there is a certain amount of play in the hip joint-it is not an ideal ball-and-socket joint. This knowledge is important for the planing and success of hip adjustment surgery.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dorsolateral subluxation of hip joints in dogs measured in a weight-bearing position with radiography and computed tomography.

OBJECTIVE: develop a radiographic procedure to measure dorsolateral subluxation (DLS) of the femoral head in canine coxofemoral (hip) joints in a weight-bearing position. STUDY DESIGN: DLS measured on a radiographic projection was compared with DLS measured on computed tomography (CT) images of hip joints in a weight-bearing position. ANIMALS: A total of 24 dogs of varying ages were examined including Labrador retrievers, greyhounds, and Labrador-greyhound crossbreeds. METHODS: Anesthetized dogs were placed in sternal recumbency in a kneeling position in a foam rubber mold. The stifles were flexed and adducted with the femora perpendicular to, and in contact with, the table. To test for DLS, dogs were imaged in this weight-bearing position (DLS test) with routine radiography and CT. For each hip, the DLS score was determined by measuring the percentage of the femoral head medial to the lateralmost point of the cranial acetabular rim on the dorsoventral radiographic projection and the lateralmost point of the central, dorsal acetabular rim on the CT image. Higher DLS scores indicated better coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum. DLS scores were compared with the distraction index (DI) by grouping joints according to their probability of developing osteoarthritis (OA) as predicted by the DI. RESULTS: The DLS score in the new position ranged from 29% to 71% for radiography and 15% to 59% for CT. Joints classified as OA unsusceptible had a mean score of 64% +/- 1.5% for radiography and 55% +/- 0.8% for CT (n = 10); hip joints having a high probability of developing OA had a score of 39% +/- 2.6% for radiography and 26% +/- 1.9% for CT (n = 8). When the DLS test was repeated on the same dogs at a different time, the intraclass correlation coefficient for the DLS score on the radiographs was 0.85 (left hip) and 0.89 (right hip). There was a strong correlation (r = .89 for both hips) between the DLS score measured on the weight-bearing radiograph and the CT image. A strong correlation also was observed between the DLS score and the DI (r = -.87). The DLS scores for OA unsusceptible joints and joints with a high probability of developing OA were significantly different (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The DLS test can be performed with CT or routine radiography to measure variable amounts of DLS in weight-bearing hip joints oriented similarly to those of a standing dog. After additional long-term follow-up studies evaluating the development of OA and breed effects are performed, the DLS method may prove useful in studies of normal and abnormal hip joint development related to canine hip dysplasia.

Animals↗