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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Plasma erythropoietin levels in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis.

The anemia of chronic renal disease has been attributed primarily to a decrease in erythropoietin (EP) production. Results of this study show that measurable levels of plasma EP can be demonstrated in a majority of patients with end-stage renal failure who are undergoing long-term hemodialysis. These levels were not related to the type of renal disease, nor were they greatly affected by androgenic therapy or by nephrectomy. Although EP elevations in such patients were somewhat less than in nonuremic patients with comparable anemia, the presence of measurable EP levels suggests that impaired end-organ response may play a role in the anemia of chronic renal failure.

Anemia↗
PubMed1984

Varicocele: clinical or surgical treatment?

Varicocele, known as the most common cause of male infertility, has usually been treated surgically and, although successful results have been reported, its therapeutic efficiency has been questioned. Sixty-six infertile men with varicocele were under treatment within the period December, 1971-1981. Thirty-eight underwent surgical correction (varicocelectomy) and twenty-eight received only medical treatment. The spermograms of all the patients reported sperm counts, percentage of general motility, percentage of grade III motile sperm (rapid and directional movements) and percentage of oval forms, before and after the treatment. The results showed that there was an improvement in all the spermogram parameters in both groups. Except for one variable all the others failed to show a significant difference by statistical analysis between both treatments, however, the surgical treatment resulted in higher values when compared to the medical one. Pregnancy rates, while higher for the surgical group, was not statistically different in both groups. The medical treatment showed to be effective in elective cases. Nevertheless, the surgical treatment remains the better choice in the treatment of subfertility associated to varicocele.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Aplastic anemia with fetallike erythropoiesis following androgen therapy.

A 43/4-yr-old black girl with acquired aplastic anemia had an increase in total hemoglobin (Hb) from 4.5 to 16.8 g/dl and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) from 0.8 g/dl (18.8%) to 9.6 g/dl (60.2%) following combined androgen-adrenal steroid therapy. Discontinuation of the drugs was followed by a decline in both HbF and total Hb. Reinstitution of the combined steroids prompted a second rise in total and fetal hemoglobin. During these responses the subject's erythrocytes exhibited an increased i antigen score and a low level of red cell carbonic anhydrase. The glycine:alanine ratio at position 136 of the gamma chains of HbF was of the fetal type (proportion of chains with glycine residues, 0.74). Hemoglobin A2 was low (0.4%). The synthesis of alpha and non-alpha chains was balanced. These results indicate that the stimulation of red cell proliferation in this subject, in response to androgen therapy, resulted in the production of cells with several characteristics of "fetal" erythrocytes.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1984

[Internal endocrine therapy of breast cancer].

Additive endocrine therapy of breast cancer was first initiated by androgen treatment through intramuscular administration which proved to be effective in about 25% of trial cases. It was followed by another trial of massive administration of estrogens mainly to patients of more than 60 years of age, and this showed a similar efficacy. Under these circumstances, additive endocrine therapy's position was established as a special therapy for advanced breast cancer. Breast cancer patients have a considerably longer period of progress after disease recurrence than in other types of cancer, so oral androgens were developed for treating recurrent breast cancer patients at home. However, the side effects of androgens (e.g., virilization, hepatic disorders) presented problems with Long-term administration. Since then more androgens with less side effects have been developed which have contributed to the remarkable progress of androgen therapy. On the other hand, recently an anti-estrogen was found which specifically antagonizes estrogen and has few side effects. Additive endocrine therapy's reputation has improved with the emergence of this anti-estrogen agent. Another study has also been started on a progesterone agent which is completely different from conventional sex hormone agents. Anti-estrogen agent is widely accepted for post-operative adjuvant endocrine therapy of breast cancer taking over as the conventional post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy, and also as a partner of chemo-endocrine therapy.

Androstanols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of CEA and GCDFP-15 plasma level during hormonally induced cancer stimulation.

Preliminary clinical trials indicate that transient stimulation of breast and prostate cancer growth by hormonal means may enhance tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy. In none of these studies, however, has an attempt been made to measure parameters that might reflect perturbations in cell kinetics induced by the treatment schedules. While conducting two, controlled, randomized clinical trials in advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer using a similar approach, we have measured plasma levels of two tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and breast gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP-15). These served as a possible means of monitoring hormonal stimulation of tumor growth. Both markers failed to increase following administration of estrogens to patients with breast cancer and of androgens to men with prostatic carcinoma. In contrast, transient stimulation of tumor growth probably occurred as shown by exacerbation of symptoms and, in patients with prostate cancer, rise in acid phosphatase. We conclude that CEA and GCDFP-15 are not useful for monitoring pertubations in tumor cell kinetics induced by hormone stimulative protocols.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗