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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Fractures of the olecranon; late results (authors's transl)].

140 fractures of the olecranon were treated (69 conservatively, 71 surgically), of whom 71 were followed up (28 conservative, 43 operated fractures). The fractures are classified in 4 groups (A. transverse fractures, B. oblique fractures, C. comminuted fractures and D. fractures associated with other injuries in the elbow joint). Each of these groups is devided into 3 types according to the displacement of the fragments. Good results by conservative treatment were always seen in fractures with separation of the fragments less than 2 mm. A relative indication for surgical treatment is displacement from 2 up to 10 mm. Only surgical treatment can prevent non-union in fractures with separation of the fragments more than 10 mm. A new sheme for classification of the results is proposed, and late results of the followed up cases are reported. Immobilization of the elbow in full extension is rejected in the conservative treatment. The internal fixation of prestress type by the Weber technique and the osteosynthesis with Spongiosa-screw are the preponderant methods actually used in surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Fracture-separation of the lower humeral epiphysis in young children.

Five fracture-separations of the lower humeral epiphysis, type II according to the Salter-Harris classification, are presented. The fracture line generally passes through the cartilaginous epiphysis, which does not show up in roentgenograms, and sometimes included a laterally based metaphyseal wedge. This injury is often misdiagnosed as it is mistaken for other injuries of the elbow, especially fracture of the lateral humeral condyle. The concomitant displacement of the radius and ulna in relations to the capitellar ossification center is the key to the diagnosis of fracture-separation of the lower humeral epiphysis. Good results are obtained with treatment by closed methods if this lesion is correctly diagnosed.

Child↗
PubMed1999

[Reconstruction of the proximal quarter of the ulna after post-traumatic destruction. 3 case reports].

Serious injuries of the elbow with of bone loss of the proximal ulna or of the two bones of the forearm may result in a loss of function in flexion-extension and pronation supination with painful instability of the elbow. The treatment of these functional sequelae is difficult because it must reestablish the mobility and the stability of the elbow. We report three cases of post-traumatic loss of the proximal quarter of the ulna. In two cases, the radius was intact and we transferred the proximal radius according to Young's method modified by Piollet. In the third case, the loss of the proximal extremity of the two bones of the forearm was treated with the transfer of the proximal extremity of the fibula. By means of these techniques, our three patients had very satisfying functional results as evaluated at 18 years, 18 months and 17 years follow-up respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Fractures of the radius neck associated with ulna fractures in children].

The author has described one of the typical combinations of injuries in the elbow joint area in children, i.e. fractures of the neck of the radius with a simultaneous fracture of the ulna. The study is based on 37 cases observed by the author. Two types of the above-mentioned fractures have been distinguished: abduction (32) and extension (5) fractures. The methods of closed reposition of each type have been presented. These methods allow to reach the desired results even in major dislocations (60-90 degrees) of the head of the radius.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Diagnostic imaging of pediatric skeletal trauma.

Because many injuries to the pediatric skeleton are unique and can present with only subtle radiographic abnormalities, familiarity with their appearance can aid in accurate diagnosis. These include physeal injuries, incomplete fractures, and avulsion injuries. Recognition of characteristic fractures also allows correct identification of a battered child. As illustrated in examples of injury to the elbow, an organized search for clues to abnormal alignment is particularly helpful in the evaluation of pediatric skeletal trauma.

Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Biceps tendon blocks reduction of isolated radial head dislocation.

A case of an unreducible radial head dislocation found in a 7-year-old girl illustrates the frequent delay in diagnosis associated with radial head dislocation. Her initial radiographs showed the radial neck access not passing through the center of the capitulum, which is diagnostic of radial head dislocation. She had no associated injuries to the elbow joint or neurovascular structures. Closed reduction was not stable, and open reduction revealed the biceps tendon displaced posteriorly and laterally from the radial tubercle around the radial neck, which prevented stable reduction of the anteromedial dislocation of the radial head. Once it was reduced through the radial capitular joint to its normal anatomy, the reduction was stable. Following a routine postoperative course, an excellent result was obtained.

Child↗
PubMed2005

Elbow arthrodesis after war injuries.

Arthrodesis is a surgical procedure that results in fusion of the joint and bony ankylosis. With this operation, we can achieve satisfactory function of the limb in cases in which options for different treatments no longer exist. Severe joint destruction, joint infections, and nonunions, as well as complex war injuries (with large bone and soft tissue defects), are indications for arthrodesis. The elbow is the most susceptible joint of the upper limb to war injury. Between 1992 and 1995, we performed elbow arthrodesis for nine patients in our department after war injuries. As analysis of our results shows, elbow arthrodesis, although a rarely performed surgical procedure, is the best treatment for patients with complex war injuries of the elbow. For arthrodesis, we used external fixation in combination with internal fixation (cancellous bone screw) and additional autologous cancellous bone grafts.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ligamentous injuries in dislocations of the elbow joint.

The opinions concerning presence of instability and ligamentous injuries following dislocation of the elbow differ. Thirty-one patients with an elbow dislocation without concomitant fracture were examined under anesthesia for stability at an average time of two days after the injury. All elbows were unstable to valgus stress in the extended position compared with the healthy side. Eight elbows were unstable to varus stress. Nine elbows were easily redislocated in semiflexed position under anesthesia. Surgical exposure and ligament suture were performed medially in all cases and laterally in 18 cases. All the ligaments were completely ruptured or avulsed in the epicondyle attachment. In most cases the ligamentous ruptures were combined with rupture or avulsion of the muscular origins at the epicondyles. The degree of muscular damage was correlated with the tendency to redislocate under anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The radiological diagnosis of posttraumatic effusion of the elbow joint and its clinical significance: the 'displaced fat pad' sign.

Alterations occur in the radiological appearance of the soft tissues after injury to the elbow joint. These are due to displacement of the intra-articular fat pads by capsular distension when an effusion is present. A prospective study of 89 consecutive elbow injuries was undertaken in an attempt to assess the usefulness and reliability of these changes in the diagnosis of minor elbow injuries and the assessment of their clinical progress. In 61 elbows (69 per cent) there was no radiological evidence of an effusion and no evidence of bony injury. All quickly returned to normal. In 28 elbows (31 per cent) radiological evidence of an effusion was present. Twenty-three (80 per cent) of these were also found to have a fracture in, or adjacent to the elbow joint. In 9 elbows the fracture could not be seen on the initial radiographs. Because of the presence of an effusion, repeat radiographs were taken and a fracture discovered. The presence of an effusion was associated with an increase in the time required for full recovery.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging of injury to the medial collateral ligament of the elbow: a cadaver model.

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the usefulness of thin-section 3-dimensional Fourier Transform (3DFT) gradient echo imaging of the medial collateral ligament and to evaluate the usefulness of intraarticular gadolinium for the detection of tears of the ligament. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 5 fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows through use of T1-weighted and 3DFT gradient echo T2-weighted sequences. The elbows were then arthroscoped, and lesions were created in the medial collateral ligaments. Magnetic resonance imaging was then repeated with the T1 and 3DFT sequences. In addition, dilute gadolinium was then injected intra-articularly, and fat-suppressed T1-weighted images and 3DFT images were obtained. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were correlated with the appearance of the dissected ligament. We found that in the prearthroscopy specimens, the ligament was best seen on the 3DFT images reformatted into a slightly posteriorly obliqued coronal plane. In the post-arthroscopy elbows, 4 full-thickness perforations were detected with the 3DFT sequence; fat-suppressed T1-weighted images with intraarticular gadolinium detected these 4 as well as 1 partial inner surface tear. In conclusion, fat-suppressed T1-weighted magnetic resonance arthrography with gadolinium can provide information regarding inner surface partial tears and small full-thickness perforations.

Cadaver↗