Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Diverticulum”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Scrotal diverticulum of the urinary bladder -- rare cause of an inguinal hernia].

INTRODUCTION: Massive herniation of the bladder through the inguinal canal is a rare entity. We report on a patient with a large inguinoscrotal herniation of the urinary bladder commonly referred as "scrotal cystocele". Diagnostic means and therapeutic strategies are discussed. CASE REPORT: After laparoscopic repair of a bilateral inguinal hernia, a 60-year-old man described a persistent right groin mass that varied in size with the degree of bladder distension. Diagnostic evaluation revealed a large bladder diverticulum extending into the right scrotum. Treatment consisted of inguinal resection of the bladder diverticulum, the peritoneal sack and closure of the hernia. CONCLUSION: Inguinal herniation of a large bladder diverticulum has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of inguinal hernias, especially in patients with obstructive symptoms of the bladder outlet.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1986

[Significance of the urethral pressure profile in the diagnosis of urethral diverticulum].

Diverticulum of the urethra was diagnosed by us in ten women during the past two years. In nine of these, the urethral pressure profile showed a characteristic course: In the region of the diverticulum--confirmed subsequently by radiography--a drop in pressure was recorded as a sign of damage to the wall. The value and importance of the individual steps in the diagnosis of diverticula are discussed. Suspicion of a diverticulum in the urethra can be raised by careful anamnesis and by means of the urethral pressure profile. This suspicion can be safely confirmed or refuted via urethrography using the double-balloon catheter.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Meckel's diverticulum and laparoscopy of children. What's new?

Laparoscopy has not changed the diagnostic approach in Meckel's diverticulum (MD). Preoperative echography and scintigraphy are still indicated in case of symptomatic diverticulum. During each submesocolic laparoscopy we must meticulously look for Meckel's diverticulum. There are two surgical procedures for MD resection: 1. Short intestinal resection after exteriorization (celio-assisted surgery) is advocated in young patients or in complicated MD. 2. Laparoscopic resection by the Endo GIA stapler is advocated in older patients and latent MD with a narrow base.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed2003

Zenker's diverticulum: a new endoscopic treatment with a soft diverticuloscope.

BACKGROUND: Recently developed treatments for Zenker's diverticulum include the use of a flexible endoscope, which is minimally invasive. A new endoscopic approach is described that uses a soft diverticuloscope to provide perfect exposure of the operative site and stabilizes the endoscope. METHODS: A total of 30 patients (15 men, 15 women; median age, 78 years) were treated with this diverticuloscope. All patients had significant symptoms including dysphagia (n = 24, 80%) and/or regurgitation (n = 17, 56%). Eighteen (60%) had a large diverticulum (>4 cm). RESULTS: All patients were successfully treated in a single session. In one patient, dysphagia persisted but was milder than before the treatment. A complication occurred in 4 patients (13%); in one (3%), it was severe. During follow-up (median, 12.5 months), dysphagia recurred in one patient 1 year after the initial procedure but was successfully re-treated with a CO(2) laser and rigid diverticuloscope. Four patients (13%) died during follow-up of causes unrelated to the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Diverticulotomy with a flexible endoscope and soft diverticuloscope is an effective treatment for Zenker's diverticulum.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Helicobacter pylori in ectopic gastric mucosa in Meckel's diverticulum.

We report a case of a 25-year-old man who presented with a large rectal bleed and positive Meckel's scan followed by surgical excision of a Meckel's diverticulum. The diverticulum was lined by gastric body type mucosa showing evidence of active chronic gastritis associated with the presence of Helicobacter pylori organisms, these being identified immunohistochemically with a specific polyclonal antibody. We have reviewed another 21 cases of Meckel's diverticula removed at St Vincent's Hospital between 1984 and 1997: in nine of these cases the diverticulum was lined by ectopic gastric body type mucosa and in one of these there was an active chronic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori. There has been considerable controversy regarding both the presence and significance of Helicobacter organisms in Meckel's diverticula. This is the first study to use immunohistochemistry specifically to identify Helicobacter pylori within two cases of Meckel's diverticula. Both cases demonstrated an active chronic gastritis present within the gastric body type mucosa, thus suggesting that the organisms play a pathogenic role.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Meckel's diverticulum in adults: retrospective analysis of 119 cases and historical review.

OBJECTIVE: To publish our experience in the management of Meckel's diverticula in adults, and compare our results with those published elsewhere. DESIGN: Retrospective investigation of casenotes. SETTING: Multicentre study, Switzerland. SUBJECTS: 119 patients aged over 16 years who had Meckel's diverticula resected between 1980 and 1997. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Assessment of the usefulness of various investigations and the criteria for removing asymptomatic diverticula. RESULTS: 67 diverticula (56%) were resected during laparotomy for another cause, and 52 (44%) for symptoms caused by the diverticula. In both groups the condition was more common in men, and most likely to present during the fourth decade. The most common investigation in the 52 symptomatic cases was a plain film of the abdomen (n = 47, 90%), and in none was a Meckel's diverticulum suggested as the cause of the symptoms. The success rates of other investigations were: small bowel enema 4/9, 99mTc scan 3/4, angiography 1/3, and computed tomography 1/14. No ultrasound scans were done. Our results compared favourably with those reported elsewhere, with no deaths in either group, 2 complications that required reoperation in the incidental group, and 1 in the symptomatic group. CONCLUSIONS: The criteria to be taken into account when deciding to resect an asymptomatic diverticulum are: male sex, age <40, ASA score, the operation being done, the size and position of the diverticulum, whether it is palpable, and whether there are other reasons for the patient's complaints.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Left ventricular diverticulum associated with Cantrell's syndrome and tetralogy of Fallot in an adult.

In this report we describe the surgical treatment of a 27-year-old patient with complete Cantrell's syndrome, i.e. multiple ventricular septal defect, left ventricular diverticulum, dextrorotation of the heart, an anterior diaphragmatic defect, and a midline supraumbilical abdominal wall defect with tetralogy of Fallot. Resection of the diverticulum was combined with correction of the tetralogy of Fallot and thoracoabdominal defects. The postoperative period was uncomplicated. We have have found only one previous report describing resection of the diverticulum combined with correction of Fallot's tetralogy and thoracoabdominal defects in an adult. One-stage repair of these complex anomalies is technically feasible and should be the treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Gastric pathology in Meckel's diverticulum. Review of cases resected between 1965 and 1995.

One hundred forty-nine case files of Meckel's diverticulum resected at our hospital between 1965 and 1995 were reviewed for the presence of heterotopic gastric mucosa. Of these, 140 cases were evaluated, and 25 demonstrated ectopic gastric mucosa. Six of these heterotopic tissue specimens contained no assessable surface mucosa; therefore only 19 were evaluated for gastric histopathologic changes. "Gastritis" was present in all reviewed cases, but the predominant pattern was that of reflux-type gastritis or gastropathy, which had not previously been documented at this location. This gastropathy was demonstrated in 58% of the cases and could also account for some of the symptoms that prompted removal of appendixes without inflammation. Chronic and chronic active gastritis were also demonstrated in a minority of cases, and those with moderate or severe activity were associated with peptic ulceration. No Helicobacter pylori-like organisms were detected with either modified Giemsa stain or hematoxylin-and-cosin (H&E) stain. Findings were inconclusive with regard to erosive gastritis related to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Meckel's diverticulum. That the proportion of ectopic gastric mucosa found in several studies (including this one) is about half that suggested in textbooks indicates a need for a better workup of resected Meckel's diverticulum and a search for all types of gastric disease if gastric heterotopia is present. Emphasis must be placed on identification of reflux-type chemical gastritis and gastropathy, which are often documented as normal mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Symptomatic lacrimal duct diverticulum associated with closed nasal fracture.

Diverticula of the nasolacrimal collecting system are rare. Their cause may be congenital, inflammatory, or traumatic. A diverticulum of the nasolacrimal duct that presented 26 years after nasal trauma is described. The location of this diverticulum is extremely uncommon, and a case occurring after closed nasal trauma has not yet been presented. Evaluative studies and pertinent anatomy are reviewed. In any patient with recurrent dacryocystitis after nasal fracture, the diagnosis of a lacrimal system diverticulum should be considered. A detailed history and physical examination combined with dacryocystography can be confirmatory. Treatment should consist of surgical exploration with a nasolacrimal system bypass procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Duodenojejunostomy for the pancreaticobiliary complications of duodenal diverticulum.

A Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy has been used as treatment of pancreaticobiliary disease associated with duodenal diverticula in three patients with good results. This approach removes the diverticulum from the food stream, thereby solving the problems of recurrent cholangitis and pancreatitis caused by food stasis in the diverticulum, without having to excise the diverticulum or perform a gastrectomy and vagotomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Technique of scanning for Meckel's diverticulum.

99mTc-pertechnetate scanning is now recognized as a useful means of detecting Meckel's diverticula. When these contain gastric mucosa and present with ulceration and bleeding, the ectopic gastric mucosa can be identified by its secretion of 99mTc-pertechnetate. However, the secretions of normal gastric and salivary glands can pool in the gut and simulate a Meckel's diverticulum. We believe the diagnostic procedure of choice to include both continuous nasogastric suction and continuous sequential gamma camera images. To support this view, we present cases illustrating 1) that 99mTc-pertechnetate can appear in the bowel within the first few minutes of administering 99mTc-pertechnetate, even in the absence of a Meckel's diverticulum; 2) that rapid sequential camera views are helpful but not definitive in distinguishing such bowel activity from a Meckel's diverticulum; and 3) that continuous nasogastric suction most successfully eliminates this interference.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Gastroesophageal obstruction from food in an epiphrenic esophageal diverticulum.

An epiphrenic diverticulum is usually accompanied by esophageal motor disorders, diaphragmatic hernia, or esophagitis. Symptoms are rarely attributable to the diverticulum except very rarely when no other explanation for dysphagia or chest pain is demonstrated. We describe acute esophageal obstruction from food accumulating in an epiphrenic diverticulum and compressing the gastroesophageal junction, and we confirm the mechanism with an artificial balloon.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Synchronous gastric adenocarcinomas in a patient with Meckel's diverticulum.

Meckel's diverticulum, which is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, occurs when the vitelline duct persists past the 7th week of gestation. Although complications may occur in 8% to 22% of patients with Meckel's diverticula, adenocarcinoma is very uncommon. We describe a patient with early gastric cancer who was incidentally found to have a superficial adenocarcinoma arising from ectopic gastric mucosa within a Meckel's diverticulum. To the best of our knowledge, synchronous gastric adenocarcinoma in a patient with Meckel's diverticulum has not been previously reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Massive gastrointestinal bleeding from Meckel's diverticulum in a 91-year-old man.

Although Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, complications in adults are rare, especially in the elderly. Intestinal obstruction is the most common complication in the adult, and inflammation mimicking acute appendicitis may also occur. Lower GI bleeding as a result of Meckel's diverticulum with ectopic gastric mucosa is distinctly unusual among the elderly, with most previous case reports involving patients under the age of 40. The case we report involved a 91-year-old man with massive lower GI hemorrhage found to be due to a Meckel's diverticulum with ectopic gastric mucosa.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structural abnormalities of the cricopharyngeus muscle in patients with pharyngeal (Zenker's) diverticulum.

Recent manometric and radiological studies suggest that the upper oesophageal sphincter has poor compliance in patients with a pharyngeal (Zenker's) diverticulum. To test the hypothesis that this phenomenon is related to structural changes within the cricopharyngeus muscle we examined, histologically, muscle strips from 14 patients with a Zenker's diverticulum and compared them with control tissue obtained at autopsy from 10 non-dysphagic individuals. The cricopharyngeus muscle from patients and controls differed from inferior constrictor muscle by virtue of type 1 fibre predominance and greater fibre size variability. Ragged red fibres and nemaline bodies are a normal finding in the cricopharyngeus. Marked differences were observed in the cricopharyngeus muscle of Zenker's patients which demonstrated fibro-adipose tissue replacement and fibre degeneration. It is concluded that these structural changes may account for the observed diminished upper oesophageal sphincter opening and dysphagia in patients with Zenker's diverticulum.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Adenocarcinoma arising within a colonic diverticulum.

A case of cancer arising in a diverticulum of the ascending colon in a 67-year-old male is reported. The 1.5 x 1.0 cm well-differentiated adenocarcinoma protruded from the base of the inverted mucosa of the diverticulum. The surrounding flat colonic mucosa was not involved by the cancerous process. Focal stromal invasion was seen in the subserosal tissue, without association of lymph nodal involvement. This is the third reported case of adenocarcinoma arising in the colonic diverticulum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Anterior urethral diverticulum produced by Cowper's gland duct cyst.

A case of congenital urethral diverticulum is presented. The patient was a 16-year-old boy with the chief complaint of dribbling urine since he was 14 years old. A retrograde urethrogram revealed a diverticulum of the bulbar urethra, which had been produced by a cystic dilation of the Cowper's gland duct. The walls of the diverticulum were resected endoscopically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Neonatal abdominal wall urinoma due to rupture of anterior urethral diverticulum.

An anterior urethral valve with diverticulum is an uncommon cause of congenital urethral obstruction and urinary extravasation compared with a posterior urethral valve. We report a neonate presenting with an abdominal wall urinoma caused by rupture of an anterior urethral diverticulum. Urine drainage via urethral catheter was effective to resolve the abdominal urinoma. Voiding cystourethrogram performed 6 months after an endoscopic incision of the distal margin of the diverticulum revealed a normal urethra with smooth voiding. To our knowledge, no similar case has been reported previously.

Abdominal Wall↗