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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Field demonstration of surfactant-enhanced solubilization of DNAPL at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware.

This study reports on a surfactant-based flood for tetrachloroethylene (PCE) removal from a control test cell at the Dover National Test Site. The surfactant formulation (sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate (Aerosol-MA or AMA), isopropanol and calcium chloride) was able to achieve a high concentration of PCE in swollen micelles (supersolubilization) without vertical PCE migration. The hydraulic system included eight screened wells that were operated in both vertical circulation and line drive configurations. After 10 pore volumes of flushing, the overall PCE removal was 68% (65% of which corresponded to the surfactant flooding alone). In addition, the residual PCE saturation was reduced from 0.7% to 0.2%, and the concentration of PCE in the groundwater was reduced from 37-190 mg/L before the flushing to 7.3 mg/L after flooding. Recycling the surfactant solution reduced the required surfactant mass (and thus cost, and waste) by 90%. Close to 80% of the total PCE removal was obtained during the first five pore volumes which were operated in an upward vertical circulation flow scheme. No free oil phase was observed during the test. Further analysis of multilevel sampler data suggests that most of the trapped oil remaining in the cell was likely localized in secluded regions of the aquifer, which helps explain the lower PCE groundwater concentration after remedial activities. In summary, this field study demonstrated the feasibility of surfactant-enhanced remediation to reduce the mass in the source zone and significantly reduce the PCE aqueous concentration and therefore the risk associated with the contaminant plume.

2-Propanol↗
PubMed1966

Minchinia nelsoni n. sp. (Haplosporida, Haplosporidiidae): causative agent of the Delaware Bay oyster epizoötic.

Since 1957, oyster popuulations of the Middle Atlantic coast have been ravaged by a new sporozoan parasite that has been called "MSX." This parasite is identified as a new species of Minchinia that invades oysters through epithelial tissues of gill, palp, water tubes, and, occasionally, of the digestive tract. Multinucleate plasmodia are recognized in fresh and fixed preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Carbon and electron flow in mud and sandflat intertidal sediments at delaware inlet, nelson, new zealand.

An investigation of carbon and electron flow in mud and sandflat intertidal sediments showed that the terminal electron acceptor was principally sulfate and that the carbon flow was mainly to CO(2). Studies with thin layers of sediment exposed to H(2) showed that methane production accounted for virtually none of the H(2) utilized, whereas sulfate reduction accounted for a major proportion of the gas uptake. At all sampling sites except one (site B7), rates of methanogenesis were low but sulfate concentrations in the interstitial water were high (>18 mM). At site B7, the sulfate concentrations declined with depth from 32 mM at 2 cm to <1 mM at 10 cm or below, and active methanogenesis occurred in the low-sulfate zone. Sulfate-reducing activity at this site initially decreased and then increased with depth so that elevated rates occurred in both the active and nonactive methanogenic zones. The respiratory index (RI) [RI = CO(2)/(CO(2) + CH(4))] for [2-C]acetate catabolism at site B7 ranged from 0.98 to 0.2 in the depth range of 2 to 14 cm. Addition of sulfate to sediment from the low-sulfate zone resulted in an increase in RI and a decrease in methanogenesis. At all other sites examined, RI ranged from 0.97 to 0.99 and was constant with depth. The results suggested that although methanogenesis was inhibited by sulfate (presumably through the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria), it was not always limited by sulfate reduction.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Earlier discharge of infants from neonatal intensive care units: a pilot program of specialized case management and home care. Delaware Valley Child Health Alliance.

A multidisciplinary approach using a neonatology independent physicians association, affiliated hospitals, a pediatric home care company, and a health maintenance organization was designed to promote earlier safe discharge of infants from intensive care. This pilot project involved 43 infants who received case management and early discharge home with home oxygen, monitoring, intravenous antibiotics, gavage feedings, phototherapy, or nutritional management for poor weight gain. A staff neonatologist remained the primary physician until the patient would have been discharged according to standard criteria. Two patients had unscheduled readmissions and all infants survived. This approach resulted in an estimated savings of 456 hospital days and $329,982; 89% of parents rated the care as good to excellent, and 83% were satisfied with the program and outcome. This study suggests that a prospectively designed program can be designed to promote safe earlier discharge of infants in intensive care.

Case Management↗
PubMed1991

Medicare program; Peer Review Organizations: revised scopes of work for Delaware, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, Nevada, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Washington, and Wyoming--HCFA. Final notice.

This notice describes requirements for the review activities of Utilization and Quality Control Peer Review Organizations (PROs) for the next contract cycle in the States listed above. Section 1153(h)(1) of the Social Security Act requires us to publish any new policy or procedure adopted by the Secretary that affects substantially the performance of PRO contract obligations at least 30 days before the date the policy or procedure is to be used. Specifically, this notice describes significant changes in the way in which cases will be selected for review and also describes continuing requirements. This notice also implements provisions of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 and announces the future direction of the PRO program.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗