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PubMed2003

Systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressures as coronary risk factors in a population with low cholesterol levels: a prospective 10-year evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Pulse pressure (PP) has recently been found to be predictive of subsequent cardiovascular, particularly coronary, events in some middle-aged and elderly populations. HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this prospective population-based study was to evaluate the roles of systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and PP in predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity and mortality in both genders in a population of a wide age span and a setting of low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. METHODS: Of participants in the Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study aged > or = 20 years, those free of CHD at baseline examination in 1990 were followed up for a mean of 9.3 years. Coronary heart disease was diagnosed based on clinical findings and Minnesota coding of resting electrocardiograms (ECGs). In 2,601 men and women (mean age at baseline 41.4 +/- 15 years), deaths from CHD developed in 80 and nonfatal CHD in 158 patients. RESULTS: In a logistic regression analysis for predictors of composite endpoint of coronary mortality and morbidity, individually. DBP was not significantly and independently associated, while SBP was an independent risk predictor in both genders (relative risk [RR] 1.016). When two of three blood pressure components were entered jointly into the multivariable model, PP had a value inferior to that of SBP among men and women, but was of greater value than DBP in men in predicting both the composite endpoint and death from CHD. Among women, the predictive values of PP and DBP were similar. Within the categories of SBP > or = 120 mmHg in men, PP contributed significantly to the predictive power of SBP in overall CHD risk over and above that supplied by SBP, whereas DBP remained noncontributory. CONCLUSION: Although inferior to the predictive power of SBP, PP was an important determinant of CHD risk in a population of a diverse age span and a better predictor than DBP in men.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Prevention of polyurethane valve cusp calcification with covalently attached bisphosphonate diethylamino moieties.

OBJECTIVE: Calcification of polyurethane prosthetic valve leaflets causes a major functional impairment. Previously we showed that polyurethane heart valves modified with covalently linked bisphosphonate groups were resistant to calcification in vivo. However, we also found that the highly polar anionic bisphosphonate groups on the polyurethane surface attracted sodium counter ion adsorption, and thereby increased the elastomer's water absorption to 20% of total weight. In this study we address the increased water absorption by investigating the hypothesis that covalently attaching cationic diethylamino groups to the bisphosphonate-modified polyurethane will reduce water absorption. Thus we evaluated the mechanical and in vivo anticalcification properties of heart-valve leaflets composed of this modified polymer. METHODS: Diethylamino and bisphosphonate groups (DBP) were appended to the polyurethane Biospan's hard segment using previously published bromoalkylation methodology. Water absorption and biaxial mechanical and uniaxial failure testing were used to determine the mechanical properties of the DBP-modified polymer. Rat subdermal implants (60 days) and extended (150 days) single pulmonary leaflet replacements in juvenile sheep provided in vivo assessments of the bisphosphonate-modified polyurethane. RESULTS: The water absorption properties of the DBP-modified polymers and unmodified polyurethanes were 1.86 and 2.3 %, respectively. Biaxial mechanical tests showed the DBP-modified polymer was more compliant than the unmodified control material, but all polymeric material had similar uniaxial failure properties. In both rat subdermal and sheep circulatory implants, the DBP-modified polyurethane resisted calcification, as assessed by scanning electron microscopy, with complete calcification inhibition in prosthetic sheep valve leaflet replacements. CONCLUSION: DBP polyurethane possesses physical (water absorption) and biomechanical properties comparable to unmodified polyurethane and can resist intrinsic heart-valve leaflet calcification in blood-stream implants.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts by demineralized bone in three-dimensional culture.

We designed and tested a three-dimensional device composed of demineralized bone powder (DBP) packed within a bilaminate sponge as an in vitro model for chondroinduction induced by DBP. Control bovine articular chondrocytes deposited cartilage matrix when cultured in these sponges. Human dermal fibroblasts that were seeded onto the composite sponge migrated through the collagen lattice and attached to the particles of DBP. Fibroblasts surrounding the DBP deposited a fine, granular extracellular matrix characterized by metachromatic staining similar to that deposited around the bona fide chondrocytes. Immunohistological analysis showed that the matrix contained chondroitin delta Di-4 sulfate, chondroitin delta Di-6 sulfate, and keratan sulfate epitopes. These components accumulated during the culture period, as quantified by immunochemical analysis of extracted matrix. In contrast, fibroblasts cultured in collagen sponges without DBP did not produce such a cartilage matrix. Control bovine chondrocytes produced these matrix molecules when cultured in the presence or absence of DBP. Thus this composite three-dimensional device facilitated evaluation of chondroinduction in human dermal fibroblasts in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Weight of evidence for an association between adverse reproductive and developmental effects and exposure to disinfection by-products: a critical review.

Disinfection by-products (DBP) are a side effect of water chlorination. Some toxicological studies suggest an association between DBP exposure and adverse reproductive and developmental effects. This investigation considered all toxicological and epidemiological evidence for the various effects, outcome by outcome. The weight of evidence demonstrated that no association with DBP exposure exists for over a dozen outcomes including low and very low birth weight, preterm delivery, some specific congenital anomalies, and neonatal death. The analysis found inconsistent or very weak results for all congenital anomalies/birth defects, all central nervous system anomalies, neural tube defects, spontaneous abortion, and stillbirth. The weight of evidence suggested a positive association with DBP exposure for some measure of growth retardation (such as intrauterine growth retardation or small for gestational age) and for urinary tract anomalies. Having catalogued these effects, it should be noted that exposure assessment in the epidemiological studies published to date has been inadequate to definitively demonstrate an association of small magnitude. Exposure to DBP primarily has been based on routine (i.e., quarterly) monitoring of public water supplies for trihalomethanes (THM) matched to maternal residence. In order to determine whether an association exists between adverse reproductive and developmental effects and exposure to DBP, studies must consider the THM concentration and the quantity of the water actually consumed by pregnant women.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1983

Can DNA methylation regulate gene expression?

The E2a region of the Ad2 genome encodes the Ad2-specific DBP. An inverse correlation between the level of DNA methylation at the 5'-CC*GG-3' sites of the E2a region and the extent of expression of DBP has been demonstrated in Ad2-transformed hamster cell lines (Vardimon et al. 1980). Four different leaders are used in the transcription of the E2a region in cells productively infected with Ad2. The leader located at coordinate 75 on the viral genome is used early after infection and the other three leaders are used late after infection (Chow et al. 1979). The analysis of the integration patterns of the viral DNA in the Ad2-transformed cell lines has revealed that the early leader is deleted in the cell lines which do not express the DBP (Vardimon and Doerfler 1981). The late leader located at coordinate 72 on the viral genome is present. The region encoding that late leader has been subcloned, and the cytoplasmic RNA from the cell line which expresses the DBP has been analyzed. It has been shown that the late leader is used in transformed cells. Hence the absence of the early leader cannot be the immediate reason for the lack of expression of the DBP. Correlations between DNA methylation and the absence of gene expression may indicate that methylation regulates gene expression or that methylation is the consequence of lacking gene expression. In order to decide between these alternatives an in vitro system has been employed. The HindIII A fragment of the Ad2 DNA which encodes the DBP has been methylated in vitro by the HpaII DNA methyltransferase. Methylated or unmethylated HindIII A fragment has been microinjected into the nuclei of Xenopus laevis oocytes. Unmethylated HindIII A fragment has been found to be expressed as specific viral RNA, whereas no viral RNA can be found in oocytes microinjected with methylated HindIII A fragment. The possibility of a nonspecific inhibitory factor in the methylated DNA preparation has been ruled out by the simultaneous microinjection of sea urchin histone gene DNA together with the methylated HindIII A fragment. Histone genes are expressed, while the expression of the methylated viral gene is blocked. By using the single-strand-specific endonuclease S1 we have shown that in Xenopus laevis oocytes initiation of transcription of the E2a region starts exactly at the same site as in Ad2 productively infected cells. These results provide direct evidence for the notion that DNA methylation at specific sites is involved in the regulation of gene expression.

5-Methylcytosine↗
PubMed1996

Human adenovirus type 5 variants with sequence alterations flanking the E2A gene: effects on E2 expression and DNA replication.

The human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E2 transcription unit is divided into a promoter-proximal region, E2A, and a distal region, E2B, each with its own polyadenylation site. Together these regions encode the three virus-derived proteins necessary for genome replication. Ad5 variants were produced that carried linker insertion mutations immediately 5' and/or 3' to the coding sequence for the E2A gene DNA binding protein (DBP). Two variants carrying solely a 5' lesion showed decreased usage of the adjacent 3' splice site, via which the DBP mRNA is produced, and an increased usage of the alternative downstream splice sites in the E2B region, wherein viral DNA polymerase and terminal protein precursor are encoded; these viruses showed somewhat reduced growth. A variant carrying a 3' lesion showed a marginal increase in DBP expression and slightly accelerated growth. When lesions 5' and 3' to the DBP coding sequence were combined in cis, the resulting virus was severely defective for growth and expressed E2B products to the virtual exclusion of E2A DBP. These data indicate that interactions must occur between the E2A 3' splice site and polyadenylation site before this region can be treated as an exon by the RNA processing machinery, and that a sequence alteration at the polyadenylation site that alone has only minor effects on the pattern of RNA processing can drastically affect terminal exon usage when placed in cis with a mutation that reduces splicing efficiency at the upstream 3' splice site. The data further indicate that, in vivo, Ad5 DNA replication is limited by prevailing DBP levels rather than by levels of polymerase or terminal protein precursor.

Adenovirus E2 Proteins↗
PubMed1977

DNA-binding proteins of psoriatic scales. I. Isolation by affinity chromatography and characterisation by SDS slab gel electrophoresis.

DNA binding proteins (DBP) are shown to be engaged in the regulatory functions of the genome. Since the accelerated epidermopoesis in psoriasis indicates changed gene activities, the examination of DBP possible could help to clarify the pathological processes. Psoriatic scales were used to elaborate the method. DBP was isolated from a protein extract by affinity chromatography with DNA-cellulose according to Alberts et al. About 3-5% of postribosomal crude protein (PCP) extract had an affinity to DNA. The separation of DBP on SDS polyacrylamide slab gels showed a characteristic spectrum of proteins with molecular weights from 12.7 to 150 X 10(3) daltons. The protein band spectrum of the concentrated DBP fraction was different from that of the crude extract. These observations show the isolated DBP to represent an own group of water soluble proteins with DNA binding abilities.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1990

Effects of vitamin D-binding protein on bone resorption stimulated by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3.

Vitamin D and its metabolites are tightly bound to the serum vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and only the free hormone is considered to be physiologically active. On the other hand, DBP could interact with cell membranes and even favor its intracellular entry. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of DBP on bone resorption stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. Forelimb bones from 19-day-old fetal rats were cultured for 5 days in the presence of purified human or rat serum albumin (hSAP or rSAP) and 1,25(OH)2D3, with or without human or rat DBP (hDBP or rDBP). Bone resorption was assessed by measuring the release of previously incorporated 45Ca. We found that the resorptive response to 1,25(OH)2D3 was minimally altered by hDBP (5 microM). The minimal effects of hDBP on 1,25(OH)2D3 activity on rat bones might be explained by a 6-fold lower affinity of hDBP (1.1 x 10(7) M-1) than rDBP (5.9 x 10(7) M-1) for 1,25(OH)2D3 or by species differences in cellular recognition of DBP. In a homologous rat system, however, rDBP at low (0.5 microM) or physiological (5 microM) concentration significantly decreased 1,25(OH)2D3-induced bone resorption. These data therefore support the hypothesis that free rather than DBP-bound 1,25(OH)2D3 is physiologically important.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy and safety of combination therapy using high- or low-dose hydrochlorothiazide with valsartan or other Angiotensin-receptor blockers.

Only a minority of patients treated for hypertension achieve controlled blood pressure (BP) levels. Therapy with fixed-dose combinations of an angiotensinreceptor blocker (ARB) and low-dose hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is commonly prescribed but not always sufficient to achieve the target BP. The efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination of valsartan 160 mg and HCTZ 25 mg was evaluated in patients in whom BP had not been controlled with a fixed-dose combination of another ARB and low-dose HCTZ (12.5 mg) in a multicenter trial. After a wash-out period for antihypertensive drugs, patients with a mean sitting diastolic BP (DBP) at trough (3)100 mm Hg but <110 mm Hg were treated with candesartan cilexetil 16 mg plus HCTZ 12.5 mg or telmisartan 80 mg plus HCTZ 12.5 mg for 4 weeks (phase 1). Patients whose BP was still uncontrolled (DBP (3)90 mm Hg) after 4 weeks of therapy were then given valsartan 160 mg plus HCTZ 25 mg for an additional 4 weeks (phase 2). The primary efficacy parameter was the reduction in DBP between week 4 and week 8 in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. BP reduction during phase 1 was -14.3+/-11.3/-7.5+/-3.9 mm Hg. DBP was controlled in 26% of the patients after phase 1. In patients treated with valsartan 160 mg plus HCTZ 25 mg during phase 2, DBP decreased by an additional 10.3+/-6.5 mm Hg and the mean sitting systolic BP (SBP) by an additional 11.0+/-11.7 mm Hg. The additional decrease was significant (P<.0001) for both parameters and independent of the fixed-dose combination used during phase 1. Among patients whose BP remained uncontrolled during phase 1, 74% achieved a controlled DBP after phase 2. The incidence of adverse events during both phases was comparably low and the results of laboratory tests were unremarkable. Treatment with valsartan 160 mg/HCTZ 25 mg offered a substantial benefit for patients with hypertension not controlled with the combination of candesartan cilexetil 16 mg or telmisartan 80 mg and low dose HCTZ, while maintaining a comparable safety and tolerability profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The effects of athletic training and muscle contractile character on the pressor response to isometric exercise of the human triceps surae.

In this study, the influence of athletic training status and the contractile character of the active muscle on the magnitude of the pressor response (PR) to voluntary and electrically evoked isometric plantar flexion was investigated. Subjects were 10 sprint-trained athletes (sprint) (100-m, 200-m and 400-m) [mean (SD) age, 21 (2) years], 14 endurance trained athletes (distance) [22 (2) years] and 8 untrained men (control) [23 (3) years]. Twitch time to peak tension (TPT) in the sprint group [108 (7) ms] was significantly less (P<0.001) than that of the distance group [124 (10) ms]. During voluntary contraction, the mean change in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (fc) was not significantly different between groups. During electrically evoked contractions, mean changes in SBP, DBP and fc were not significantly different between the sprint, distance and control groups. However, division of the sprint group into 400-m (sprint I) and 100/200-m athletes (sprint II) showed that an increase in DBP of 1.6 kPa (12 mm Hg) in sprint I was significantly less (P<0.05) than the 2.5 kPa (19 mm Hg) increase observed for both the distance and control groups. Prediction of the DBP response from our previously published relationship between TPT and DBP showed close agreement in all subject groups except sprint I; in these subjects the observed DBP response was only 55% of that predicted. Attenuation of the PR in the involuntary experiment suggests that some aspect of sprint training, but not endurance training, modifies the muscle afferent input to the PR in man.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Treatment of primary and secondary hypertension in children.

The incidence of pediatric hypertension (HTN) is increasing, mainly due to an increase in primary (essential) HTN, or PH. There are only a limited number of studies assessing the characteristics and treatment efficacy of PH versus secondary HTN (SH). We conducted a retrospective analysis of 158 pediatric patients (mean age: 10.8 years; sex ratio: 51.1% female, 48.9% male) with HTN of whom 34.4% had PH and 65.6% had SH. The vast majority were either African-American or Caucasian. Among all patients, therapy induced a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) (both p<0.0001). SBP (p<0.0001) and DBP (p=0.002) declined significantly in PH patients. PH and SH patients with a body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile (%) had a significantly higher post-therapy SBP (both p<0.05) than those with a BMI <95th%. SBP declined similarly in PH patients treated with calcium-channel blockers (CCB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). DBP declined only in PH patients treated with ACEI. SBP and DBP (both p<0.0001) declined significantly in SH patients. Post-therapy BP was similar in SH patients treated with either CCB or ACEI. Post-therapy SBP and DBP were significantly lower in SH patients than in PH patients; moreover, therapy induced a greater decline in SBP and DBP in the SH patients. Compared to PH patients, SH patients were twofold more likely to achieve a SBP less than the 95th% after therapy. We conclude that (1) significant lowering of BP with either CCB or ACEI is achievable in most children with HTN, and (2) SH patients respond better to therapy than those with PH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of automated blood pressure measurements during exercise testing.

Measurements of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were made at rest and during symptom-limited exercise with an automated blood pressure measuring device (EBPM). Comparisons were made between the EBPM readings and those made with mercury manometer. Correlations were high (SBP r = 0.92, DBP r = 0.80) when readings were made in the same arm, but were less satisfactory when the cuffs were on different arms (SBP r = 0.80, DBP r = 0.46). The correlation between two mercury manometer readings was SBP r = 0.90, and DBP r = 0.75. Comparison between EBPM and intra-arterial measurements were similar (SBP r = 0.74, DBP r = 0.79) to comparison between mercury manometer and intra-arterial measurements (SBP r = 0.81, DBP r = 0.61). The EBPM detected SBP at consistently higher levels than did physicians, which may be an advantage in the noisy environment of an exercise test. There was a definite tendency for physicians to record blood pressure to the nearest 10 mm Hg, whereas the frequency distribution curve for EBPM measurements was smoother. The EBPM operated satisfactorily at rest and during maximal exercise and gave as reliable measurements as a physician using a mercury manometer and, in the small number of available cases, detected exertional hypotension more often than the physician.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

The association between cardiovascular response tasks and future blood pressure levels in children: Bogalusa Heart Study.

Children were selected from a total community survey and categorized into three blood pressure (BP) groups (low less than 10 percentile, midrange 10 to 90 percentile, high greater than 90 percentile) based on resting diastolic pressure (DBP). To examine the relationship of cardiovascular reactivity with BP levels 4 years later, three cardiovascular response tasks (orthostatic, handgrip, and cold pressor) were administered. Partial correlations, adjusted for initial resting BP, showed that peak BP responses to the three tasks were related to future resting systolic and diastolic BP. Further analyses showed that DBP reactivity was related to future BP tracking in children with high DBP levels. In the high DBP group, while resting DBP levels did not differ for trackers vs nontrackers, peak DBP responses to each of the three tasks did (orthostatic, p less than 0.001; handgrip, p less than 0.05; cold pressor, p less than 0.01). The combination of resting and peak BP levels may provide more powerful predictions of future BP levels in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Verapamil and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in essential hypertension.

The antihypertensive effects of oral regular and slow-release verapamil, a calcium-channel blocking agent, were evaluated in 22 patients with mild to moderate hypertension (sitting diastolic blood pressure [DBP] 95 to 112 mm Hg). The dose required to control blood pressure varied from 80 to 120 mg, 3 times a day. All patients received regular verapamil for a further 3 to 4 months, when systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP had risen from the end of the open-label phase. During a double-blind phase patients were randomly assigned to continue the same dose of regular verapamil, 3 times a day, or an equivalent daily dose of sustained-release verapamil (240 to 360 mg once a day). Seven of the 11 patients on regular and 3 of the 11 on sustained-release verapamil were also taking diuretics. This antihypertensive program was continued for at least 4 weeks. During the efficacy period, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was carried out. Mean 24-hour SBP and DBP were 133 +/- 20 and 89 +/- 13 mm Hg, respectively, on regular and 131 +/- 22 and 87 +/- 12 mm Hg, respectively, on sustained-release verapamil. There were no statistically significant differences noted between the 2 groups. Mean SBP and DBP varied similarly during awake and sleep hours with both formulations of verapamil. With regular verapamil, SBP was 139 +/- 18 and 124 +/- 20 mm Hg and DBP 92 +/- 11 and 84 +/- 13 mm Hg during awake and sleep hours, respectively; with sustained release, SBP was 138 +/- 21 and 122 +/- 22 mm Hg and DBP 92 +/- 10 and 80 +/- 10 mm Hg during awake and sleep hours, respectively. Heart rate fell during the entry period and continued during the entire study period. No other adverse effects were noted during the double-blind phase. In summary, verapamil is an effective antihypertensive medication and can be administered once a day as a sustained-release preparation; it is most useful in patients in whom adrenergic blocking drugs are indicated.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Vitamin D binding protein is produced by human monocytes.

The expression of the DBP (vitamin D binding protein) gene was investigated in monocytes and in peripheral blood lymphocytes. DBP message was amplified through 35 cycles of PCR amplification using specific oligonucleotide primers. PCR products of the expected size were further identified by Southern blotting using a specific DBP probe. No expression of the DBP gene could be detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes, nor in the monocyte-derived U 937 cell line. In contrast, message for DBP was identified in monocytes activated with lipopolysaccharide when analyzed between 6 and 10 h following stimulation. These results suggest that the temporal expression of the DBP gene could play a major role in the activation of monocytes by 1-25(OH)2D3.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

The effect of vitamin D analogs and of vitamin D-binding protein on lymphocyte proliferation.

In the absence of vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), 1,25-(OH)2D3 at 10(-12) M significantly inhibited the [3H]thymidine incorporation in human lymphocytes during mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) or after phyto-hemaglutinin (PHA) stimulation. In the presence of a physiological concentration of DBP (5 x 10(-6) M), the concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 required for inhibition was 10(-10) M (for PHA-cultures) and 10(-9) M (for MLC). Several vitamin D analogs were compared for their inhibitory action on PHA stimulation. In the absence of DBP, the concentration necessary for 50% inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation ranged from 10(-12) M [1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,24-F2-1,25-(OH)2D3], over 10(-10) M [1,24R, 25-(OH)3D3; 1,25S, 26-(OH)3D3 and 26,27-F6-1,25-(OH)2D3] and 10(-8) M [25 OHD3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3] to 10(-6) M [calcitriol-lactone]. This rank order correlates with the binding affinity of the various analogs to the cytoplasmic 1,25-(OH)2D3-receptor. DBP counteracted the inhibitory effect of all analogs and the degree of counteraction was directly proportional to the binding affinity between DBP and the vitamin D analog. DBP thus decreased the in vitro inhibitory action of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and its analogs on lymphocyte proliferation. Of all analogs tested, only 1,25-(OH)2D3 had a significant effect at a physiological concentration.

Calcitriol↗
PubMed1992

Construction, characterization, and utilization of cell lines which inducibly express the adenovirus DNA-binding protein.

To further our understanding of structure-function relationships within the multifunctional adenovirus DNA binding protein (DBP) a more diverse collection of mutants is necessary. DBP-expressing cell lines (gmDBP) were previously constructed that complemented DBP-negative mutants for viral growth. However, they did not allow severely defective viruses to form plaques. Since efficient mutant construction is reliant on plaque isolation of the desired mutant virus as a final step, additional gmDBP cell lines were constructed which allow all DBP-negative mutants to form plaques. Here we describe the construction and characterization of 12 new gmDBP cell lines. The utility of these lines was demonstrated by the efficient construction of a new defective mutant, H5in804, using a combination of DBP-expressing lines. The H5in804 mutation adds 22 amino acids at the carboxyl end of an otherwise wild type protein. Characterization of H5in804 revealed that it was altered in its ability to replicate viral DNA. The depression of DNA synthesis most probably results from a reduced ability of H5in804 DBP to bind ssDNA.

Adenovirus E2 Proteins↗
PubMed1984

Determinants of blood pressure in Jerusalem schoolchildren.

In 1982, 113 first- and second-graders attending an elementary school in West Jerusalem had their blood pressure (BP), height, weight, and resting pulse measured. Three successive BP readings were taken. The mean of the second and third readings was used for data analysis. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 98.30 +/- 8.51 mm Hg and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 67.63 +/- 6.85 mm Hg. An analysis of covariance was performed in order to determine the contribution of each independent variable (height, weight-for-height, sex, age, and resting pulse) to the variance in BP, while adjusting for all other independent variables. Height, weight-for-height, and resting pulse were all found to be significantly associated with both SBP and DBP. Children in the upper quartile of weight-for-height had a mean adjusted SBP that was 10.2 mm Hg higher than those in the lower quartile and a mean adjusted DBP that was 7.9 mm Hg higher. Children in the upper quartile of height (for age) had mean adjusted SBP and DBP that were 6.1 and 4.7 mm Hg higher, respectively, than those of children in the lower quartile. Sex and age showed no significant association with SBP. The associations between DBP and both sex and age were not statistically significant (P less than 0.10), but there was a trend for girls and older children to have a slightly higher DBP. In a subsample of 93 children who had both resting pulse and recovery index measured (using the Modified Harvard Step Test for children).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗