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Results for “Conjunctival Neoplasms”

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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Ocular adnexal granulocytic sarcoma as the first sign of acute myelogenous leukemia relapse.

PURPOSE: To report a case of granulocytic sarcoma involving the eyelids and caruncles after bone marrow transplantation. METHODS: Case report. A 30-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia in remission developed multiple friable eyelid and caruncular lesions in addition to two cutaneous lesions on the chest wall and right axilla approximately 3 months after a successful autologous bone marrow transplant. RESULT: Pathologic examination was consistent with granulocytic sarcoma. CONCLUSION: This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous or eyelid masses in patients with a history of leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma of the conjunctival fornix.

PURPOSE: Congenital smooth muscle hamartomas are benign tumors composed of proliferating smooth muscle cells. They are usually seen as abnormal patches of skin. Ocular involvement of congenital smooth muscle hamartomas is unusual, with rare reports of patients with external eyelid involvement or proptosis resulting from orbital tumors. We describe a patient with a congenital smooth muscle hamartoma that involved the tarsal conjunctival fornix. METHODS: Review of the patient's medical records, including the results of ophthalmologic, radiologic, and histologic examinations. RESULTS: A healthy 2-year-old boy was initially seen with a conjunctival mass. He had a discrete, gray, cystic-appearing lesion in the inferior fornix of the left eye. A magnetic resonance imaging study revealed no signs of extension of the lesion into the orbit. The lesion was surgically excised. Histologic sections showed large bundles of smooth muscle with a fibrotic background and interdigitating fat, consistent with a diagnosis of a congenital smooth muscle hamartoma. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with a congenital smooth muscle hamartoma arising from the conjunctival fornix. It presumably originated from either the smooth muscle of the vascular endothelium or from the capsulopapebral muscle. Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic-appearing conjunctival fornix lesions.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1999

Treatment of recurrent conjunctival papillomatosis with mitomycin C.

PURPOSE: To report an effective treatment for recurrent squamous papillomas of the conjunctiva with excision and application of mitomycin C. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: A 5-year-old African-American girl with recurrent squamous papillomas of the right bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva was treated with multiple therapies, including excision, cryotherapy, and conjunctival injection of alpha-interferon; all therapies were followed by recurrence. After treatment with excision followed by intraoperative application of mitomycin C to the involved conjunctiva, the patient had no recurrence in a 30-month period. CONCLUSIONS: Excision with application of mitomycin C was successful in managing a case of squamous papillomatosis that was resistant to traditional therapy.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1999

Conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a young HIV-infected man.

PURPOSE: To report a case of conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma occurring in a long-standing pterygium in a 33-year-old Cambodian man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS: Review of clinical history and histopathologic findings. RESULTS: A pterygium that was present for 8 years suddenly became highly inflamed and underwent rapid growth. After the initial diagnostic conjunctival and corneal biopsy showed mucoepidermoid carcinoma, subsequent additional deep excisions of the adjacent sclera and cornea were necessary to completely excise the tumor. Cytokeratin and mucicarmine stains were used to confirm the pathologic diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Unique features of this case include the extremely young age of the patient (perhaps rendered susceptible by his HIV infection), the tumor masquerading as a pterygium, and the use of a hybrid lamellar and full-thickness corneoscleral resection requiring a complementary graft. Seventeen months after the resection, the patient is free of tumor; this was histopathologically confirmed with multiple random conjunctival biopsies.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Oral cimetidine (Tagamet) for recalcitrant, diffuse conjunctival papillomatosis.

PURPOSE: To report the efficacy of cimetidine for treatment of conjunctival papillomatosis. METHODS: An 11-year-old boy had an 8-year history of diffuse conjunctival papillomas, treated previously with standard measures of excisional biopsy and cryotherapy. He developed spontaneous conjunctival bleeding and diffuse tumor recurrence over the entire conjunctival surface. Oral cimetidine liquid (30 mg/kg/day) was prescribed. RESULTS: Within 2 months, dramatic tumor regression was noted, with nearly complete resolution by 4 months. The patient had no local or systemic side effects from the medication. CONCLUSIONS: Oral cimetidine possesses immune modulation properties and may be useful in some cases of virus-induced conjunctival papillomatosis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia presenting as corneal ulcer.

PURPOSE: To report a case of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia presenting as corneal ulcer. METHOD: Case report of a 28-year-old man who presented with sudden onset of pain, redness, and watering in the right eye. Examination of right cornea revealed deep stromal infiltrate inferonasally. Adjacent to the infiltrate and straddling the inferonasal limbus, a reddish well-defined sessible lesion with prominent blood vessels was seen. After corneal scraping for microbiological evaluation, the patient was treated with frequent instillation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 0.3% eyedrops. RESULTS: Corneal scraping revealed no microorganisms. Infiltrate resolved promptly after excision of the lesion. Histopathologic evaluation of the excised lesion revealed conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the fact that conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia at the limbus may present as corneal ulcer. This ulcer could have occurred secondary to a dellen formation and epithelial breakdown predisposing to a corneal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva: clinicopathological features in 287 cases.

BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequently encountered malignant tumour of the conjunctiva. The objective of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva seen at a large ophthalmologic hospital in Mexico City. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical and pathological files of all patients with documented squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva seen at the hospital between 1957 and 1996. RESULTS: A total of 287 cases (286 patients) were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 60.4 (range 12 to 99) years; 55% were male. The clinical diagnosis was accurate in 41% of cases. Typical keratinized squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva accounted for 98% of the lesions, and there were small numbers of histologic variants: lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (three cases), spindle cell carcinoma (two cases) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (one case). Evidence of local extension of the tumour was found in 150 patients (52%), with the cornea being most frequently involved (108 cases [38%]). Regional metastasis was found in two patients, to a submandibular lymph node in one and to a preauricular lymph node in the other. The most common form of treatment was local resection (258 cases [90%]). The mean length of follow-up was 7.7 (range 2 to 24) months. The recurrence rate was 5.2%. INTERPRETATION: We report a large series of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. The incidence of local extension was high. Three cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, a variant not previously reported in the conjunctiva, were encountered and were confirmed by immunohistochemical reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful management of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia by interferon alpha-2b.

BACKGROUND: Interferon alpha-2b (IFN alpha 2b) was recently shown to be effective as an alternative therapy for conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Herein, we report our successful management of CIN by the use of IFN alpha 2b. CASE: A 73-year-old woman presented with a complaint of irritation due to a tumorous lesion in her left eye. Slit-lamp microscope examination revealed a tumorous lesion involving the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva as well as the limbus, from the 3-o'clock position to the 8-o'clock position. She had already undergone cryotherapy in the same eye in another hospital, twice for a lesion on the lower tarsal conjunctiva and once for a lesion on the upper tarsal conjunctiva. The histological diagnosis had been CIN. OBSERVATIONS: In treating this patient, IFN alpha 2b was injected subconjunctivally twice and also applied as eye drops for 12 weeks. Two weeks after the initial treatment, the tumorous lesion disappeared. During a 1-year follow-up period, no recurrence was noted. CONCLUSION: Topical and subconjunctival IFN alpha 2b is a valuable treatment option for CIN.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fornix and conjunctiva reconstruction by amniotic membrane in a patient with conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: Conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare, low-grade, non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. Herein, we report our successful management of the large conjunctival defect caused by resection of conjunctival MALT lymphoma by covering it with transplanted amniotic membrane. CASE: A 28-year-old Japanese man, who had been diagnosed histologically as having conjunctival MALT lymphoma in his left eye, was referred to us for treatment. The tumor was located on the lower bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva, and involved the fornix. Extensive resection of the conjunctival lesion was performed. Two pieces of amniotic membrane were used to reconstruct the fornix, bulbar, and palpebral conjunctival defect. OBSERVATIONS: Epithelialization over the transplantation was completed within 3 weeks when all sutures were removed. During the 6 months of follow-up, there was no recurrence or any postoperative complication, such as graft rejection, symblepharon, or chronic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated for the first time that amniotic membrane can be used to cover a large defect on both bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva when such a low-grade malignancy as MALT lymphoma is extensively excised. Amniotic membrane transplantation was quite effective for the fornix and conjunctival reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Possible prognostic markers in conjunctival dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma.

Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can develop from carcinoma in situ or severe dysplasia known as conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and SCC are histopathologically well-defined conditions. However, it is difficult to determine the grading of dysplasia by clinical morphologic findings. Recently, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining, p53 immunostaining, and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) staining have been established as valuable means of studying the biologic behavior of malignant cells. In the present study, these three staining techniques were used to examine histologic preparations of three conjunctival dysplasia and one SCC lesion. Five conjunctival tumor samples were obtained from four patients between July 1993 and October 1995. Following formalin fixation and embedding in paraffin, PCNA, and p53 immunostaining and AgNORs staining was performed with all tissue specimens. The PCNA-positive rate was the highest in SCC, followed by severe dysplasia and mild dysplasia. The p53-positive rate was the highest in severe dysplasia, followed by mild dysplasia, and negative in SCC. The AgNORs-count increased as malignancy advanced. These staining methods, which are markers for proliferative potency and cell differentiation, will be useful for early detection of changes in malignancy and will aid in decisions on treatment and prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathologic and immunogenetic analysis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas arising in conjunctiva.

PURPOSE: To identify mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type lymphoma in conjunctival infiltrates. METHODS: Clinical, histopathologic, immunophenotypic, and immunogenotypic studies were performed on 14 patients with conjunctival lymphoid infiltrates. Surgical biopsy specimens were subjected to histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and gene rearrangement analysis. RESULTS: Thirteen of the 14 patients (92.9%) met the diagnostic criteria for MALT lymphoma, and the remaining patient showed morphologic features of diffuse, small lymphocytic lymphoma. Genotypic analysis confirmed immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement in all of the 12 patients on whom the analysis was performed. Two patients with bilateral lesions exhibited identical immunoglobulin rearrangement patterns in each pair of lesions. All patients were alive at the last follow-up (mean: 39.9 months). Nine of the 14 patients were alive without disease, 4 had localized recurrences, and 1 had a residual tumor. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that conjunctival lymphoid infiltrates usually have the features of MALT lymphoma with genotypic B lymphocytic monoclonality and a favorable prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pigmented conjunctival and scleral lesions.

OBJECTIVE: The multiple causes of pigmentations of the conjunctiva and sclera are reviewed, and the recommended therapeutic modalities are discussed. DESIGN: Information from personal experience and the recent literature is summarized to determine the optimal diagnostic and treatment approaches for suspicious pigmented conjunctival and scleral lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical descriptions and illustrations are presented to characterize these ocular lesions. RESULTS: Pigmented lesions of the conjunctiva and sclera arise from either melanocytes or nonmelanocytes and have a diverse differential diagnosis. These lesions can be classified into congenital melanosis, conjunctival nevi, acquired melanosis (secondary or primary), and conjunctival melanomas. In secondary acquired melanosis, the increased conjunctival pigmentation is caused by irradiation, hormonal changes, chemical irritation, or chronic inflammatory conjunctival disorders. The biologic behavior of primary acquired melanosis of the conjunctiva is a controversial topic with important implications because it may progress to melanoma. In patients with primary acquired melanosis, a biopsy is recommended in order to grade the disease, offer a prognosis, and direct further treatment. Conjunctival melanomas may arise from primary acquired melanosis, from nevi, or de novo, or they may be metastatic lesions. CONCLUSION: Of the wide spectrum of melanocytic conjunctival lesions, those with malignant potential are melanosis oculi, nevus of Ota, junctional nevus, compound nevus, primary acquired melanosis, and melanomas.

Conjunctival Diseases↗
PubMed2003

Pediatric tumors of the eye and orbit.

Most ocular and orbital tumors of childhood are distinct from tumors that occur in adults. Many are congenital with early presentations. Most pediatric orbital tumors are benign; developmental cysts comprise half of orbital cases, with capillary hemangioma being the second most common orbital tumor. The most common orbital malignancy is rhabdomyosarcoma. The most common intraocular malignant lesion is retinoblastoma. Choroidal melanoma, which is common in adults, is extremely rare in children. The orbit is the most common location for metastases in children, whereas the choroid is the predominant site in adults. Pediatricians play a vital role in diagnosis of pediatric ocular tumors. They are the first to recognize ocular problems that may not be apparent to parents. It is therefore important to recognize the signs and symptoms of ocular tumors of childhood so that prompt ophthalmologic evaluation and treatment may be undertaken. Whereas the malignant tumors may be life-threatening, both malignant and benign tumors may be vision-threatening.

Child↗