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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Carcinoma of the cheek mucosa. A retrospective analysis.

A 16 year experience with 121 patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma arising in the cheek mucosa is described. Treatment was almost exclusively surgical, and 5 year determinate cure rates ranged from 77 and 65 percent in stage I and II lesions to 27 and 18 percent in those with stage III and IV lesions, respectively. Twenty-four percent of previously treated patients remained alive and well at 5 years. The 42 percent overall salvage rate was low, reflecting the high proportion of patients who developed cervical metastasis during the course of the disease. In an attempt to improve local control, we now advocate irradiation of the primary tumor and neck after aggressive resection with radical neck dissection in any patient who has clinical evidence of nodal involvement or other unfavorable findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The island cheek flap: repair of cervical esophageal stricture and new extended indications.

Seven patients had reconstruction with an island cheek flap based on the facial vein and artery. The flap carries a swatch of buccal mucosa that can be rotated inferiorly as far as the superior mediastinum and superiorly to the oral cavity. Five patients had repair of cervical esophageal strictures and fistulas. In four, results were very successful. One patient had diminished but persistent dysphagia which was shown to be secondary to a carcinomatous polyneuropathy; however, he had complete resolution of aspiration after correction of his mechanical obstruction and tracheoesophageal fistula. Morbidity was minimal. Parotiditis developed in one patient who had Stensen's duct ligated. Minor numbness of the lip and a single case of Frey's syndrome were also observed. In another patient, reconstruction of the floor of the mouth preserved normal speech and swallowing. Finally, a permanent speech fistula was also created but was substantially taken down because of functional dissatisfaction. Other potential applications need to be explored.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Cheek island flap for replacement of critical limited defects of the upper aerodigestive tract.

Our experience thus far indicates that the island cheek flap is a satisfactory reconstructive method for small but critical defects in the upper aerodigestive tract. The mucosal lining is an ideal replacement for the lining of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus. Only a single stage procedure is required. The surgical technique is relatively simple and does not unnecessarily prolong an extensive operation for tumor resection. We have found the procedure to be reliable with no instances of flap loss or necrosis.

Cheek↗
PubMed1982

The surface structure of the epithelium of the hamster cheek pouch.

Cheek pouches were removed from 9 BIO 87.20 adult-male hamsters, pinned out on cork sheets and fixed, then divided into segments and processed. Mallory stain showed complete orthokeratinization of the pouch epithelium with regular keratohyaline granules. With scanning electron microscopy, the morphology of the walls was similar, with ridged areas alternating with flatter areas. In all areas, blunt projections and larger dome-shaped elevations were found. The superficial surfaces of all stratum corneum cells were covered by an interconnecting network of ridges surrounding depressions; their deep surfaces were covered by a complementary array of protuberances separated by narrow grooves. On superficial surfaces in some areas, cell boundaries consisted of double ridges separated by a gap; cell imprints were delineated by single ridges or depressions and involved several cells, suggesting that the cells in these areas were not stacked in vertical columns. Elsewhere, the linear ridges were paralleled by depressions, suggesting that the cells were stacked in columns. The morphology of cell boundaries and imprints on the undersurface of the desquamating squames were complementary to those of the opposing surface. Transmission electron microscopy supported the findings. Although most of the cells of the stratum corneum were electron dense and contained only tonofilaments and interfilamentous material, less electron-dense cells which contained only tonofilaments and small keratohyaline granules were occasionally found.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of smokeless tobacco on the replication of herpes simplex virus in vitro and on production of viral lesions in hamster cheek pouch.

Previous experiments have shown that combination of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and simulated snuff-dipping in hamster buccal pouches enhances the development of micro-invasive squamous cell carcinoma in cheek pouch epithelium. The effect has now been determined of water-extractable components of snuff (snuff-extract) on the growth and the cell-lysing activity of HSV. Various dilutions of snuff-extract in tissue culture medium significantly inhibited the growth of HSV in Vero cell monolayers by inhibiting the viral DNA replication. Moreover, HSV was inactivated and its cell-lysing activity lost when it was incubated with snuff-extract in cell-free condition. Snuff also had a similar anti-herpetic effect in vivo; HSV infection of pouch tissues followed by simulated snuff-dipping resulted in significant inhibition of viral growth. Thus snuff interferes with the DNA synthesis and cytolytic activity of HSV in vitro and in vivo, and this in turn, may increase its oncogenic capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Lung and cervical lymph-node metastasis after cortisone enhancement in hamster cheek-pouch carcinogenesis.

The administration of hydrocortisone after excision of DMBA-induced tumours in hamster cheek pouch produced cervical lymph-node metastases in 9 out of 13 animals (69 per cent), and resulted in lung metastasis in 1 animal. In the control group, which received no cortisone but had tumours cut from the pouch, 4 out of 9 animals had cervical lymph-node metastases (44 per cent).

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1995

Time-related changes induced by zinc-deficient diet in the concentration of rat cheek epithelial membrane-coating granules.

Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a diet containing 0.4 parts/10(6) zinc and controls were fed an identical diet supplemented with 40 parts/10(6) zinc. After 9, 18 and 27 days of zinc deficiency, specimens were excised from cheek epithelium and processed for transmission electron microscopy to study the concentration of membrane-coating granules (MCG). Their concentration was increased in the granular-cell layers of the zinc-deficient epithelium and became significantly greater after 18 and 27 days than 9 days of deficiency. MCGs appeared in the parakeratinized layers of zinc-deficient epithelium and their concentration became significantly greater after 27 days in comparison with 9 and 18 days of deficiency. Thus the intracellular retention of MCGs was increased in the granular and parakeratinized layers with the increase in time of zinc deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Leiomyosarcoma of the cheek: a case report.

Oral leiomyosarcomata have been reported on only 15 occasions in the world literature. An additional case of leiomyosarcoma of the cheek in an 88-year-old male is reported. The relevant features of leiomyosarcomata are reviewed and discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Cross tolerance between morphine and beta-endorphin in the in vivo vasodilating effect in the hamster cheek pouch.

The relative potencies of the in vivo vasodilating effect on the arterioles of the hamster cheek pouch of morphine and beta-endorphin decreased significantly after chronic morphine injection, indicating the existence of tolerance to morphine and cross tolerance between morphine and beta-endorphin. The apparent pA2 values of both morphine-naloxone and beta-endorphin-naloxone in morphine treated hamsters also decreased significantly. The results indicate that in this preparation there is a simultaneous reduction in the affinity of the opiate receptors to both agonists as well as antagonist associated with the development of tolerance or cross tolerance.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Platelet aggregation induced in the hamster cheek pouch by a photochemical process with excited fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran.

Excitation of intravascular fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran by light induces platelet aggregation in arterioles of the hamster cheek pouch. Time to aggregate appearance (TAA) was found to be 45 +/- 5.6 sec in vessels of 10-14 micron diameter. The interindividual differences of TAA are low (coefficient of variance = 12.5%) and the TAA in individual animals can be reproduced for several hours with a coefficient of variance of 14.5%. TAA decreased at higher concentrations of intravascular FITC-dextran (r = 0.98) and with increased energy of the exciting beam. Scavengers of singlet oxygen, sodium azide, and trans-beta-carotene, delayed TAA. A scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, dimethyl sulfoxide, did not influence TAA. Acetylsalicylic acid showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect from 1 (P less than 0.01) to 100 mg/kg body weight ia. The time-dependent increase of TAA after administration of 100 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid is demonstrated; the dosage finally delayed TAA to longer than 360 seconds. The findings suggest that platelet formation, initiated by exciting FITC-dextran may involve local production of singlet oxygen. The consequently observed damaging process and the primary role of the endothelial cell damage are described. It is postulated that the described procedure provides a new model of intravascular platelet aggregation, characterized by a good reproducibility. A new damaging mechanism is proposed to study platelet aggregation in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Vascular permeability and interstitial diffusion of macromolecules in the hamster cheek pouch: effects of vasoactive drugs.

A simple one-dimensional mathematical model which relates the number of "leaky" sites in postcapillary venules to the extravasation of macromolecules in terms of an effective microvascular permeability, P, and an effective interstitial diffusion coefficient, D, is developed. The model is used to analyze the data of E. Svensjö and K. Roempke [in "Progress in Microvascular Research II" (F. C. Courtice, D. C. Garlick, and M. A. Perry, Eds.), pp. 449-463, 1984] and C. G. A. Persson and E. Svensjö [in "Handbook of Inflammation" (J. L. Bonta, M. A. Bray, and M. J. Parnham, Eds.), pp. 61-82, 1985] for the transport of 70,000 molecular weight dextran in a hamster cheek pouch prior to and following topical application of two vasoactive agents: histamine and bradykinin. D ranged from 2.2 to 4.0 X 10(-9) cm2/sec, and P was found to be 4.1 X 10(-8) cm/sec. The increased number of leaky sites resulted in a sixfold increase in P due to histamine, at a dose of 2.5 X 10(-6) M, and a fourfold increase in P due to bradykinin, at a dose of 4.0 X 10(-7) M.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Specificity of arginine vasopressin and angiotensin II for microvessels in the hamster cheek pouch after the induction of renovascular hypertension.

The present study was undertaken to determine the specificity of the vasoconstrictor activity to angiotensin II (AII) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) on the microcirculation in normal and renovascular hypertensive states. Ten to fourteen days after the induction of hypertension, Syrian hamsters were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, the cheek pouch was exposed, and a plastic chamber was placed in situ so the membrane could be suffused with bicarbonate-buffered Ringer's solution (5% CO2, 95% N2, pH 7.4). Third order arterioles (30-45 micron) were identified for study and vessel diameter was measured using a shearing device. In one group of normotensive and hypertensive hamsters, AII was microapplied to the arteriole before and after adding an AVP antagonist to the suffusate. In a second group of similar hamsters, AVP was microapplied to the arteriole before and after adding an angiotensin II blocker, saralasin acetate, to the suffusate. AVP and AII receptor blockade was documented by observing whether the vasoconstrictor effect of either AVP or AII was abolished. Dose-response curves for either peptide were not altered in the presence of the antagonist to the other peptide; however, they were shifted to the left in the RHT hamsters. Neither AVP nor AII receptor blockade altered control resting arteriolar diameters. Thus, it can be concluded that the microvascular response to both AII and AVP are potentiated in RHT and there are no interactions between either AII or AVP with the receptors of the other peptide in these microvessels in normal or RHT hamsters, indicating a high specificity for each peptide to its vascular receptor.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Leukocyte phagocytosis and alterations in microvascular integrity elicited by FITC-dextran 150 and epi-illumination in the microcirculation of the hamster cheek pouch.

Fluorescein-labeled dextran MW 150K (FITC-Dx 150) is commonly utilized as a macromolecular fluorochrome in inflammatory studies. We examined the influence of FITC-Dx 150 on leukocyte activity as assessed by adherence to cheek pouch microvessels. Transcapillary exchange was evaluated as fluorochrome clearance (Cl). Few leukocytes adhered to the microvascular wall in venous segments prior to and immediately following administration of the dextran fluorochrome. Spontaneous leukocyte adhesion to venous endothelium ensued within 30 min in epi-illuminated, FITC-Dx 150-loaded vessels. However, the Cl of FITC-Dx 150 (1.75 +/- 0.68 nl/min) remained unaltered (2.21 +/- 1.83 nl/min). Hamsters pretreated with FITC-Dx 150 (a minimum of 7 hr prior to experimentation) and subsequently exposed to epi-illumination showed marked leukocyte adhesion in small venules and an impressive pool of marginating leukocytes in large venules. Leukocyte aggregation, thrombus formation, lymphatic distension, and leukocyte adherence to arteriolar endothelium also ensued as a consequence of epi-illumination. Uptake of FITC-Dx 150 by extravascular phagocytes was evident. Some hamsters pretreated with FITC-Dx 150 developed spontaneous leaky sites upon epifluorescent stimulation. Focal accumulation of interstitial phagocytes was suggestive of fluorochrome uptake and elicitation by FITC-Dx 150. These effects were not observed in control animals treated with FITC-albumin. The results of this study suggest caution in employing FITC-Dx 150 as a permeability probe for studies involving inflammatory processes, especially those dependent on neutrophil/endothelial interactions and prolonged circulation time of fluorochrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The induction of hyperkeratotic white lesions in hamster cheek pouches with mouthwash.

Listerine mouthwash applied to the left cheek pouch mucosa of thirty-seven hamsters 45 minutes daily for 41 days caused diffuse, corrugated white lesions showing hyperkeratosis in 100 percent of the animals. The right (control) side showed essentially no changes in response to saline solution applied similarly. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Tuberculous fistula of cheek. Report of a case.

A case of tuberculous fistula of the cheek is reported. The fistula was caused primarily by a carious tooth and was infected with tubercle bacilli present in the sputum of the patient, who had pulmonary tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of toluidine blue O in the hamster cheek pouch.

Toluidine blue O has been shown to have clastogenic and mutagenic effects when tested in vitro, suggesting that it may be a carcinogen. Because this might compromise its use for cancer screening, the carcinogenic potential of this dye was investigated in the hamster cheek pouch, an established in vivo carcinogenesis model. Male hamsters were divided into seven groups at age 5 weeks. The right pouches of four groups were painted three times weekly with 2% toluidine blue or the vehicle for toluidine blue, in conjunction with submaximal applications of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) (groups II and III, 0.5% twice weekly), and groups IV and V, 0.1% three times weekly). The right pouches of two groups received DMBA only (group I, 0.5% three times weekly, the standard maximal amount, and group VI, 0.1% three times weekly). Group VII received toluidine blue (right pouches) and toluidine blue vehicle (left pouches) three times weekly. The extent of carcinomas and other abnormalities (scored histologically) did not differ among groups receiving the same amount of DMBA with and without toluidine blue or vehicle, and no abnormalities were seen in the pouches from group VII. These results demonstrate no effect of toluidine blue as a carcinogen, cocarcinogen, or promoter.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1992

Effects of chronic Candida albicans in the hamster cheek pouch.

Sixty-four adult male hamsters had a suspension of either C. albicans (UO1) or C. albicans (ATCC 10261) placed in their cheek pouches once a week for up to 9 months. Four hamsters from both experimental groups, along with two untreated control hamsters, were killed at monthly intervals after the initial inoculation. Sections taken from the hamsters and examined in the light microscope showed that all experimental pouches had some or all of the following localized changes: inflammation and increased vascularity of the connective tissue; epithelial inflammation and microabscesses; hyperkeratosis; and isolated rete ridges similar to those in control pouches. C. albicans, usually the yeast form, was present on the exposed surface and between hyperplastic keratin squames. There was no hyphal invasion of the epithelium. Rather than being a true long-term study of chronic infection by C. albicans, the changes seen were probably the result of repetitive, more short-term responses after multiple inoculations.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Lack of effect of continuous wave ultrasound exposure on in vivo Chinese hamster cheek pouch epithelial mitotic index.

Chinese hamster cheek pouches were everted and the epithelia exposed in vivo for 1 min to continuous wave 1.07 MHz ultrasound at intensities ranging from 0.5 to 10.0 W cm-2. Since the mitotic index of the hamster epithelium exhibited a circadian rhythm, the times of sonication and tissue sampling were arranged to allow for detection of a division delay as evidenced by a change in mitotic index in cells insonated in the early S or late S/early G2 phases of the cell cycle. There was no demonstrated effect of the ultrasound exposures on mitotic index.

Animals↗