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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Helicobacter cinaedi-associated bacteremia and cellulitis in immunocompromised patients.

OBJECTIVE: To define the clinical spectrum of illness associated with Helicobacter cinaedi infection in the United States and to determine associated epidemiologic risk factors and optimal laboratory methods for recovery of H. cinaedi. DESIGN: A retrospective epidemiologic study of 23 patients with H. cinaedi-associated illness. PATIENTS: 23 patients with H. cinaedi infection identified between January 1982 and August 1990. Most isolates (22 of 23) were from blood; one was from stool. RESULTS: Ages ranged from 24 to 84 years (mean, 44 years). Eighty-three percent of patients were men; 17% were women. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from 21 patients. Eighteen patients were febrile (15 required hospitalization); cellulitis was reported in 9 patients. Sixty percent were immunocompromised; 45% were reported to be seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). For bacteremic patients, positive blood cultures were detected by a slightly elevated growth index in an automated blood culture system; many hospital laboratories had difficulty isolating the organism. CONCLUSIONS: Helicobacter cinaedi appears to cause recurrent cellulitis with fever and bacteremia in immunocompromised hosts. Blood cultures from immunocompromised patients with these symptoms may need special handling to isolate H. cinaedi.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Cutaneous tuberculosis mimicking cellulitis in an immunosuppressed patient.

A 28-year-old lady suffering from systemic lupus erythomatosus (SLE) with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) and who was on oral cyclophosphamide and prednisolone presented with left lower limb 'cellulitis'. The 'cellulitis' of the left lower limb failed to respond to usual antibiotics which prompted evaluation of the clinical diagnosis. The diagnosis is made based on the presence of granulomas, multinucleated giant cells and acid fast bacilli on the skin biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Eosinophilic cellulitis (Well's syndrome): a new case description.

BACKGROUND: Wells' syndrome was first described by Wells in 1971 as a recurrent granulomatous dermatitis with eosinophilia and was later named eosinophilic cellulitis. It is defined by the following criteria: (i) sudden onset of annular or circinate erythematous-edematous patches that rapidly evolve to morphea-like blue-slate-colored plaques; (ii) a histological picture usually characterized by the presence of 'flame figures'; (iii) non-constant blood hypereosinophilia. METHODS: We describe the case of a 49-year-old woman who reported the sudden appearance of a few hard, pasty, oval-shaped, reddish-violet, moderately itchy, erythematous-edematous patches on both arms about 2 months before our observation. RESULTS: The remote pathologic history showed that the woman have been submitted to quadrantectomy with lymph node dissection followed by cobalt therapy for breast cancer. Based on the pharmacological history, intake of drugs was excluded. Routine blood chemistry and instrumental tests did not show any alteration, nor did assays of the main autoantibodies, complement, circulating immunocomplexes, or tumor markers. CONCLUSIONS: Histologically the picture was compatible with the diagnosis of Eosinophilic cellulitis. Following topical corticosteroid therapy the lesion healed rapidly. It relapsed 2 months later, and was again cured with the same topical treatment. No further relapses were observed in a 1 year follow-up.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1999

[Erysipelas, cellulitis and other severe Streptococcus pyogenes skin infections].

INCIDENCE AND GRAVITY: Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections are a common reason for hospitalization. Serious forms may occur in patients with no known risk factor, including young patients. Inversely, erysipela is observed more readily in the elderly population with a more vulnerable venous system. Disease gravity is related to the high risk of recurrence. For cellulitis, predominantly a disease of young subjects with no past history, severity is related to local extension and development of shock syndrome. Besides the immediate life-threatening situation, functional prognosis may be compromised, depending on the localization of the infection. PATHOGENESIS OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS: Adherence and invasion properties of group A streptococci, particularly the capsule and protein M, as well as streptococcal toxins cause severe septic and toxinic syndromes. Strains most frequently associated with invasive infections are: biotype 1, serotype M1 and biotype 3, serotype M3. TREATMENT: An antibiotic regimen by intravenous infusion of penicillin G is the gold standard treatment. Clindamycin should be added in case of septic shock. Extensive cellulitis or necrotizing fasciitis requires surgical debridement of the necrotic tissue and intensive care for the shock syndrome.

Cellulitis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mammary staphylococcal cellulitis of the newborn].

BACKGROUND: Neonatal cellulitis is usually caused by staphylococcal infection of the mammary gland which has generally reached the stage of abscess formation at the time of diagnosis. The circumstances of onset and possible complications remain poorly known. We report a recent case. CASE REPORT: A female neonate developed major bilateral mammary hypertrophy. Her mother had tried to express the breasts, fearing "congestion". Three days later, the right breast showed signs of inflammation with a fluctuant central zone suggestive of a cellulitic infectious abscess confirmed at ultrasound. Recovery was achieved with incision and antistaphylococci antibiotic therapy. DISCUSSION: Mammary cellulitis of the newborn appears to generally occur following an attempt to manipulate a pre-existing physiological hypertrophy of the breast. Staphylococcus aureus is the most commonly found agent. Early surgical care is generally required as there is a real risk of progression to necrotizing faciitis.

Abscess↗
PubMed2001

Dissecting cellulitis in a white male: a case report and review of the literature.

Dissecting cellulitis is an uncommon, chronic, progressive suppurative disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by painful papules and nodules, interconnecting sinus tracts, purulent drainage, and scarring alopecia. This disease predominately affects young black men, but is rarely reported in white males. The refractory nature of this process makes treatment difficult. We report a case of dissecting cellulitis in a white male, which responded to oral isotretinoin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

[Histological and clinical forms of the eosinophilic cellulitis].

BACKGROUND: Wells' syndrome is characterized by clinical features of cellulitis and a histological picture of eosinophilic infiltrate of the dermis with some "flame" figures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical and histological features of nine patients with Wells' syndrome seen from 1988 to 1998 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The clinical features of the nine patients (five men and four women) were urticaria (n=1), cellulitis (n=2), annular plaques (n=3), vesiculo-bullous lesions (n=2) and edema of the face with nodules of the conjunctiva (n=1). Histological examination of skin biopsies showed an eosinophilic infiltrate of the dermis associated with some "flame" figures in all cases. The infiltrate was located in the superficial or deep dermis in accordance with the different clinical features. One patient developed a non Hodgkin lymphoma and presented successively: a Wells' syndrome, a leucocytoklastic vasculitis and a Sweet's syndrome. Numerous treatment were used: topical corticosteroids, H1-antihistamines, dapsone and systemic corticosteroids. Two patients relapsed after treatment withdrawal. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated a wide polymorphism of the clinical and histological features of Wells' syndrome. The clinical features seem to depend on the location of the dermal infiltrate, suggesting the existence of a spectrum of eosinophilic dermatoses, like in neutrophilic dermatoses. The successive occurrence of vasculitis, Wells' syndrome and Sweet'syndrome in a patient suggests an overlap between these diseases. Systemic corticosteroids are the most effective treatment, but may lead to a corticosteroid dependence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cadaveric study of blood supply to the lower intraorbital fat: etiologic relevance to the complication of anaerobic cellulitis in orbital floor fracture.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although orbital fractures are common, orbital cellulitis rarely develops following orbital fracture. We hypothesized that compromise of the blood supply to the intraorbital fat during orbital floor fracture is responsible for this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the lower intraorbital fat is supplied by a branch of the infraorbital artery along the orbital groove or canal on the orbital floor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We dissected 14 orbits from seven fixed human cadavers and 12 orbits from six fresh cadaver heads following dye injection into the maxillary artery. The sites of dye-filled vessels branching from the infraorbital artery supplying the lower intraorbital fat were measured and plotted on a two-dimensional orbital floor graph. RESULTS: A main branch of the infraorbital artery rose through the medial orbital floor to supply the lower intraorbital fat in all of the cadaver orbits. The sites of the branching point of the vessel ranged from 0 to 5 mm (mean, 2.2 mm; n = 14) medial to the line connecting the infraorbital foramen and the infraorbital groove. The shortest distance measured from the branching point to the orbital rim ranged from 3 to 20 mm (mean, 14.1 mm; n = 14). This suggests that if orbital fracture were to occur around the infraorbital groove or canal, this vascular pedicle would be in danger of being incarcerated by bone fragments. CONCLUSION: Our cadaveric investigation revealed that the lower intraorbital fat is supplied by a branch of the infraorbital artery along the infraorbital groove or canal on the orbital floor. This finding suggests that compromised blood supply to the intraorbital fat may cause anaerobic cellulitis or enophthalmos.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2001

Primary skeletal muscle lymphoma presenting as refractory cellulitis.

The right torso of a 55-year-old woman showed diffuse skin and soft-tissue changes suggestive of cellulitis. However, several clinical and radiologic features, including the subacute and non-toxic nature of the illness and the patient's lack of response to antibiotic therapy, indicated a noninfectious etiology. Malignancy was suggested by striking changes seen on computed tomographic scanning--including extensive infiltration and enlargement of the musculature of the right shoulder girdle, the intercostal musculature, the latissimus dorsi, and the rhomboids; focal enlargement of the right paraspinal muscles; and enlargement of the psoas and the iliacus muscles and of the musculature around the hip joint. The mediastinal, hilar, and paraaortic regions showed no adenopathy. A large hypodense lesion of approximately 4.5 cm, which was seen in the caudate lobe of the liver, raised the concern of a metastatic focus of malignancy. Because of these findings, an immediate muscle biopsy was performed. Results showed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a B-cell phenotype. Although primary skeletal muscle lymphoma is very uncommon in patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection, clinical presentation of refractory cellulitis, as seen in the current case, is extremely rare.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1975

Self-inoculation with milk as a cause of recurrent cellulitis.

A 21-year-old patient had six admissions to hospital for recurrent cellulitis over a 6-month period. She underwent extensive investigations, which failed to reveal any underlying predisposing factors. On the final admission she admitted to injecting herself subcutaneously with milk to induce the lesion. Self-inoculation with foreign material must be considered in patients presenting with recurrent cellulitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Infected cephalohematoma associated with sepsis and scalp cellulitis: a case report.

Infected cephalohematoma is rarely complicated by sepsis. We report a case of an infected cephalohematoma caused by Escherichia coli sepsis in an otherwise healthy neonate. Skull X-ray revealed soft tissue swelling over parieto-temporal region but no osteolytic lesion. 99mTc bone scan showed scalp cellulitis. Blood culture and scalp wound culture identified E. coli. Treatment with surgical incision and drainage and administration of antibiotics resulted in prompt improvement. The relationship of scalp cellulitis, infected cephalohematoma, and sepsis are discussed.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed2002

Mycobacterium kansasii infection presenting as cellulitis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The prevalence of mycobacterial infection has increased in recent years, especially in patients immunocompromised due to autoimmune disease, malignancy and AIDS. Mycobacterium kansasii infection most commonly presents as tuberculosis-like pulmonary disease. We report the case of a 38-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who developed cellulitis over the left lower leg and had poor response to antibiotics. Two months before this admission, she had sustained a small wound over the right pretibial area and had noticed erythematous swelling after swimming at the beach. Pathologic examination of biopsied tissue showed acid-fast bacilli, and culture yielded M. kansasii. The cellulitis improved gradually during treatment with antimycobacterial agents for 1 year. This case emphasizes the possibility that cutaneous M. kansasii infection may occur in an immunocompromised patient and that exposure to contaminated water is a possible source. With early diagnosis, the response to an antimycobacterial multidrug regimen is usually satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Orbital cellulitis: review and presentation of 20 cases].

The orbital cellulitis is an infection of the soft tissues located behind of the orbital setum. It is presented as a complication of an acute sinusitis although it can appear as consequence of other infectious processes. We present a series of 20 cases diagnosed and treated in our center of orbital cellulitis. We expose the diagnostic criteria that we have followed, as well as the complementary tests used and the different treatments both medical and surgical.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

A case of dissecting cellulitis and a review of the literature.

Dissecting cellulitis (also called perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens) manifests with perifollicular pustules, nodules, abscesses and sinuses that evolve into scarring alopecia. It predominantly occurs in African American men between 20-40 years of age, but can occasionally affect other races and women too. Associated musculoskeletal findings are sometimes reported. When it occurs with acne conglobata, hidradenitis suppurativa, and pilonidal cysts, the syndrome is referred to as the follicular occlusion triad or tetrad. Its course is chronic and relapsing, and treatment is often difficult. Medical therapies include isotretinoin, antibiotics, and prednisone. Destructive therapies include X-ray therapy, surgical excision, and skin grafting. Laser epilation of hair follicles is a promising new therapy for dissecting cellulitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Haemophilus influenza cellulitis. A review and case report.

Buccal cellulitis resulting from Haemophilus Influenzae type B (Hlb) is an uncommon yet potentially life-threatening illness that afflicts the facial soft tissues of the very young. Early recognition is essential for the effective treatment of this illness. A clinical case of Haemophilus Influenzae buccal cellulitis is presented, accompanied by a discussion of the presenting symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of this unusual childhood infection.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed2003

[Haemorrhagic cellulitis: three cases].

BACKGROUND: Haemorrhagic erysipelas (cellulitis) is a recently described clinical condition. We report 3 new cases of this rare bacterial dermatosis requiring both antibiotics and systemic corticosteroids for complete resolution. CASE REPORTS: Case 1 was a 75 year-old male patient, with a past history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Case 2 was a 69 year-old female patient with a past history of hepatic cirrhosis. Case 3 was a 56 year-old female patient without medical past history, except for obesity. All patients presented with a haemorrhagic and bullous erysipelas of the leg without clinical improvement under parenteral antibiotics. In all cases, adjuvant systemic corticosteroids (prednisone: 0.5 mg/kg/d) for 5-8 days in addition to antibiotics provided dramatic and complete resolution of skin lesions and disappearance of pain and fever. DISCUSSION: Haemorrhagic cellulitis may be misdiagnosed as necrotizing fasciitis because of ecchymotic areas with frequent bullae resulting in haemorrhagic crusts and partial inefficacy of antibiotics given alone. Adjuvant anticoagulant therapy or coagulation abnormalities may have facilitated the clinical condition in 2 of our 3 cases. The efficacy of adjuvant systemic corticosteroids during 5-8 days, in addition to antibiotics is the hallmark of this syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Pneumococcal cellulitis].

Streptococcus pneumoniae as a cause of cellulitis is rarely reported in children and adults. We report on an infant with facial cellulitis due to pneumococci and review already described cases since 1975. The main features of this infection, underlying diseases and problems of diagnostics and therapy are discussed.

Ampicillin↗