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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The general practice course catalog--an attempt at quality assurance in graduate general practice education].

Additionally to the training in the hospital and in the practice, the rules for continuing education for general practise, established at the meeting of medical German physicians in 1992 demand the participation in theoretical seminars. The content and duration of these seminars is content and duration of these seminars is laid down in recommendations of the chamber of the physicians of Germany to ensure the quality of the courses. According to this, the first recommendations consists of the Course Book for General Medical Practise regarding a course of 240 hours duration. This is a nation-wide standardized curriculum which was accepted from all German chambers of physicians as the basis of the further education in family medicine. The standardization and the structuring of the content, goals, and methods of teaching and learning as well as the organization of the seminars, the working materials for the teachers, regular training for the presenters and teachers, methods for a nation-wide evaluation of the seminars, and independence from commercial interests are the features to ensure the quality of the courses.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed1993

Restriction sites as identification tags for the gene catalog: a 2D gel model.

In our effort to collect, organize and assemble data from lymphocyte cDNA libraries, we assign DNA restriction sites collectively to the spots on two-dimensional (2D) gel patterns. In order to test the efficiency and reliability of such an approach, we have modeled the restriction analysis of cDNA libraries with a panel of restriction endonucleases. The work has two parts. In the first, we have chosen 255 proteins from the EMBL data base and determined whether or not their coding sequences contain restriction sites for the enzymes of our choice. In order to apply a sufficient discriminatory power we decided to use a relatively large number of cleaving enzymes with low and high cutting frequencies. In total, 13 restriction enzymes were chosen, which could distinguish 2(13) or 8192 different restriction site combinations. We have compiled a table in which the absence or presence of restriction sites yields a pattern of 'zeros' and 'ones'. Such a restriction pattern can be read as a binary number. The binary numbers with maximally 13 digits would uniquely assign each of the 255 proteins if the nucleotide sequences would be truly at random. As the restriction sites are not randomly distributed, the 'typing' does not yield a unique assignment. The choice of sequences was not random either. In fact, there are some human nucleotide sequences which possess the same cut number (the decimal equivalent of the binary number representing the restriction pattern). In spite of this redundancy, 141 coding sequences could uniquely be distinguished by the above treatment. In the second part of the project we have used the above mentioned coding sequences to prepare two-dimensional maps (plots of charge vs size) of the same kind as one obtains from experimental 2D gels and submitted such a map together with 13 maps of restriction enzyme treated populations to a computer image analysis. Ideally, one would expect results (cut numbers) congruent to those obtained in the first part of the work. In the modeled system we were confronted with 2D maps which closely resembled the experimental situation (e.g. some spots were close together and overlapping) and instances of incorrect spot detection yielding 'false cut numbers'. From 255 proteins we were able to assign unequivocally 161 proteins. To implement the model in an actual experiment we will perform the digestion with the restriction enzymes in duplicate, and only spots assigned the same cut number upon the two independent treatments will be considered as carrying a valid restriction tag.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Ion beam slope cutting in dentistry: a catalog of applications.

It is very difficult to prepare structures of heterogeneous materials, material interfaces, or sensitive biologic samples. The usual grinding, cutting, or fracturing methods are mostly material destructive because of resulting shear strengths. Ion beam slope cutting allows microcuts to be accurately placed into subsurface areas. The material reduction is based on the principles of ion sputtering, whereby atoms are removed in the area of ion incidence. The speed of removal depends on the sputtered material, amounting to several micrometers per hour. Approximately 40 biologic dental specimens of various origin were examined. Depending on the incidence angle of the ion beam, the typical structures of ion etching can be reduced or intensified. Both variants are used to obtain a precise judgment of morphologic details or an exact topography of failures.

Dental Materials↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of medical catalog terms using the MAOUSSC model: application to Gyncecology-Obstetrics].

BACKGROUND: The Model of Assistance and Orientation of a User within a System of Coding (MAOUSSC) used to describe activity in human medicine was used to analyse French medical nomenclature in Gynecology and Obstetrics. METHODS: French medical nomenclature for gynecology and obstetrics was translated with the multiaxial model (MAOUSSC) to allow critical analysis. RESULTS: All the 119 medical acts in the French nomenclature involving the female genital tract and obstetrics could be translated with the model. 24% of the acts were imprecise, ambiguous or implicit: the nature of the procedure was not explicit in 7 cases, the surgical route was not given in 86 and the surgical instrumentation not named in 75. Activities involving numerous medical specialties and ambulatory activity can be described with the MOUSSC model. CONCLUSION: The MAOUSSC model is still in the experimental stage. It is however easy to implement, has a high potential for describing various medical acts and is suitable for the description of gynecological and obstetrical activity both in terms of economical and medical efficacy.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2001

Online tables of contents for books: effect on usage.

OBJECTIVES: To explore whether the presence of online tables of contents (TOC) in an online catalog affects circulation (checkouts and inhouse usage). Two major questions were posed: (1) did the presence of online tables of contents for books increase use, and, (2) if it did, what factors might cause the increase? METHOD: A randomized and stratified design was used in tracking usage of 3,957 book titles that were previously divided into two groups: one with TOC and one without TOC. Stratification was done for year of imprint, location, subject, previous use, circulating or non-circulating status, and presence of TOC. The use was tracked by the online catalog statistics in the InnoPac online catalog for fourteen months. RESULTS: The study found that tables of contents do increase usage. It also showed a correlation in the size of the effect based on the currency of the titles. In general, even after adjusting for all of the variables (publication date, location, circulation status, subject, and previous use), the odds of a title being used increased by 45% if the titles had online tables of contents, a statistically significant impact at the 0.05 level. CONCLUSIONS: This case-control study presents new information about the impact on circulation and inhouse use when tables of contents for books are added to the online catalog record. The study helps to establish the positive role of tables of contents in online catalogs. The research establishes TOC as a major parameter that can be successfully studied using quantitative methods. The study also provides information professionals with some guidance on when enhancement of TOC is likely to be most effective in increasing the use of existing collections.

Academic Medical Centers↗