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Results for “BARTONELLA INFECTIONS”

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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Bacillary angiomatosis is a recently described vascular disorder that is associated with infection by Bartonella henselae (formerly known as Rochalimaea henselae) and Bartonella quintana (formerly known as Rochalimaea quintana); this disorder usually occurs in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We report a case of cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis that occurred in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. OBSERVATIONS: A 55-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic B-cell leukemia, Rai stage IV, presented with multiple angiomatous papules that clinically resembled pyogenic granulomas. Histopathologic examination revealed circumscribed lobules of small vessels with plump endothelial cells, numerous neutrophils, and abundant nuclear dust; these features were diagnostic for bacillary angiomatosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by the Grocott-Gomori methenamine-silver nitrate stain that revealed argyrophilic bacteria and by ultrastructural demonstration of bacillary structures with trilaminar walls. Treatment with clarithromycin led to complete resolution of the lesions within 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: This case emphasizes that (1) bacillary angiomatosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of vascular lesions in immunocompromised patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection, (2) Grocott-Gomori methenamine-silver nitrate stain is a simple and satisfactory alternative to the Warthin-Starry stain for the demonstration of bacilli in this condition, and (3) clarithromycin is an effective oral antibiotic for the treatment of this disease.

Angiomatosis, Bacillary↗
PubMed1998

Bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised patients.

OBJECTIVES: To report seven cases of bacillary angiomatosis; to evaluate the most useful diagnostic tools; to analyse the clinical and epidemiological features associated with Bartonella quintana or Bartonella henselae infections. DESIGN: Clinical, diagnostic and epidemiological evaluation of 37 speciated bacillary angiomatosis cases in the literature, including the seven patients in our study. METHODS: Pathological examination of tissue samples, including Warthin-Starry staining and immunohistology; titre of antibodies to Bartonella sp.; detection of Bartonella sp. in blood and biopsy materials by culture or PCR; and statistical analysis of clinical and epidemiological features associated with B. quintana or B. henselae bacillary angiomatosis cases. RESULTS: Seven immunocompromised patients (six with AIDS and one patient with acute leukaemia) had bacillary angiomatosis confirmed by histology. B. quintana was cultured in three patients, whereas B. henselae DNA was amplified by PCR in the remaining four patients. Serum from only one patient reacted with Bartonella antigens. Amongst the 14 B. quintana and 23 B. henselae bacillary angiomatosis cases now reported in the literature, lymphadenopathies were significantly more frequent in B. henselae-infected patients, and neurological disorders of the central nervous system in B. quintana-infected patients. Risk factors were contact with cats, and homelessness or poor socioeconomic status in B. henselae and B. quintana bacillary angiomatosis cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis often remains solely based upon histology, culture or PCR-based methods are useful for the detection of Bartonella sp., and allow identification of the species involved, which is necessary to further characterize clinical and epidemiological features associated with B. quintana or B. henselae infections.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1998

A survey of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in naturally exposed dogs from Israel.

Antibody reactivity against seven bacterial or protozoal pathogens was measured in sera derived from 40 dogs suspected of a tick-borne disease. Sera from 73% (29/40) of the dogs reacted with three or more test antigens. Seroreactivity was most prevalent to Babesia canis antigen (90%) followed by Babesia gibsoni (75%), Ehrlichia canis (63%), Rickettsia conorii--Moroccan strain (58%), Rickettsia conorii--Israeli strain no. 2 (28%), Borrelia burgdorferi (10%) or Bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffii) (10%). Seroconversion documented in seven dogs, supported an acute phase diagnosis of ehrlichiosis in four dogs, R. conorii infection in three dogs and babesiosis in one dog. In the remaining dogs, correlation of clinical abnormalities with increased seroreactivity was not established through the design of this study. Although Lyme borreliosis has not been reported in people in Israel, Western blot analysis for antibodies reactive to B. burgdorferi identified genus-specific antiflagellin antibodies indicating that dogs in Israel are exposed to a Borrelia species. Identification of species-specific seroreactivity was not possible and infection with a Borrelia species other than B. burgdorferi is likely. Seroreactivity to B. vinsonii (berkhoffii) in dogs outside the USA is reported here for the first time.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Bartonella henselae and inflammatory bowel disease.

Sustained fever and increased thickness of the distal ileum on ultrasound suggested Crohn's disease in an adolescent boy. Bartonella henselae infection was diagnosed by specific serology and the patient recovered. Ileitis could be related to B. henselae infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Autoimmune factors associated with anaemia in acute Haemobartonella and Eperythrozoon infections of rodents.

Eperythrozoon coccoides and Haemobartonella muris produced in mice and rats respectively, essentially the same disease, characterized by anaemia, splenomegaly and in severe cases, haemoglobinuria with death. In both infections anaemia was associated with phagocytosis of erythrocytes by monocytes of the spleen, and with the presence of cold-active haema-glutinin for trypsinized red cells (CAH). An antigen similar to the serum antigen (SA) associated with acute malaria and babesiosis was also found in the blood of the anaemic animals. One or two days later antibody to SA (ABSA) was detected and for several days thereafter, both SA and ABSA could be detected in plasma samples. Anaemia crisis with haemoglobinuria was better correlated with the appearance of ABSA than with the presence of CAH. It is suggested that CAH, and complexes of SA and ABSA could have acted as anaemia factors and were in part causal in the sequestration or haemolysis of erythrocytes during acute infection.

Anaplasmataceae↗
PubMed1997

Survey of veterinary professionals and other veterinary conference attendees for antibodies to Bartonella henselae and B quintana.

OBJECTIVE: To determine serologic and epidemiologic characteristics of an occupational group potentially at risk for Bartonella sp infection. DESIGN: Epidemiologic survey. SAMPLE POPULATION: 351 veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and other individuals attending a veterinary conference in Ohio. PROCEDURE: A serum sample was obtained from each individual and tested for antibodies to Bartonella henselae or B quintana. A 24-question survey also was administered regarding demographic, occupational, and exposure information. RESULTS: 25 (7.1%) individuals were seropositive for B henselae or B quintana. Forty-seven, of whom 5 were seropositive, reported a history of illness consistent with cat-scratch disease and 18, of whom 3 were seropositive, reported a previous diagnosis of cat-scratch disease. Of the variables analyzed, only years of experience with cats was correlated with seropositivity. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The overall seroprevalence for 2 species of Bartonella in this occupational group was only slightly higher than that reported from other surveys. Seroprevalences among veterinarians, veterinary technicians, hospital staff, and others were essentially identical. Small sample groups, high percentage of cat ownership among participants, unknown duration of seropositivity, and unknown prevalence of infection among cats were potential confounders.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Outcome and treatment of Bartonella endocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Endocarditis caused by Bartonella species is a potentially lethal infection characterized by a subacute evolution and severe valvular lesions. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcome of patients with Bartonella endocarditis and to define the best antibiotic regimen using the following measures: recovery, relapse, or death. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on 101 patients who were diagnosed in our laboratory as having Bartonella endocarditis between January 1, 1995, and April 30, 2001. Bartonella infection was diagnosed using immunofluorescence with a 1:800 cutoff, polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA, and/or culture findings of Bartonella species from whole blood, serum, and/or valvular biopsy specimens. A standardized questionnaire was completed by investigators for each patient. RESULTS: Twelve of the 101 patients died and 2 relapsed. Patients receiving an aminoglycoside were more likely to fully recover (P =.02), and those treated with aminoglycosides for at least 14 days were more likely to survive than those with shorter therapy duration (P =.02). CONCLUSION: Effective antibiotic therapy for Bartonella endocarditis should include an aminoglycoside prescribed for a minimum of 2 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cat-scratch disease neuroretinitis diagnosed by a polymerase chain reaction approach.

PURPOSE: To assess the value of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of cat-scratch disease neuroretinitis without conclusive serology. METHODS: Interventional case report. A 13-year-old girl developed a right neuroretinitis 2 months after a cat scratch. Despite the lack of accompanying features, an infection by Bartonella henselae was suspected and a systemic check-up was performed. RESULTS: Serologic results excluded other proposed origins but were insufficient in making the diagnosis because of low B. henselae specific IgG level in serum. A polymerase chain reaction analysis for B. henselae DNA in a small axillary lymphadenopathy aspirate enabled us to achieve a definitive diagnosis of cat-scratch disease. CONCLUSION: Polymerase chain reaction is a valuable method of diagnosing cat-scratch disease when serology is considered negative or borderline.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bartonellosis and a possible role of Ixodes ticks (family Ixodidae, order Parasitiformes) in the transmission of pathogenic Bartonella bacteria].

The papers reviews the literature on bartonellosis and a role of Ixodes ticks, including the representatives of the genus Ixodes, in the circulation and transmission of Bartonella bacteria. It shows that man can be infected with pathogenic Bartonella bacteria by the bite of ticks. The paper also presents data on tick-transmitted human and animal mixed infections, including bartonellosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Pathogenic mechanisms of Bartonella quintana.

Bartonella quintana is an epi- and intracellular gram-negative rod responsible for both acute and chronic clinical manifestations. We review the literature about pathogenic mechanisms of B. quintana and discuss our data. Our efforts to clarify Bartonella quintana pathogenesis run on two parallel tracks. The first one concerns interactions between Bartonella quintana and endothelial cells by evaluation and modulation of apoptosis, signal transduction pathways and inflammation. The second one concerns some biological activities of Bartonella quintana endotoxin on human whole blood and endothelium. The elucidation of the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory/proliferative pattern of chronic clinical manifestations of Bartonella quintana infections may offer a contribution for addressing the pathogenesis of intracellular bacterial persistence.

Apoptosis↗