Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ATELECTASIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Lung physiotherapy as prophylaxis against atelectasis and pneumonia after abdominal surgery].

Postoperative pulmonary complications play a significant role for the postoperative morbidity after abdominal surgery. To prevent this, an array of methods, such as lung physiotherapy, incentive spirometry, or mask treatment with positive airway pressure are used. The available controlled studies indicate that none of these treatment modalities reduce the occurrence of postoperative atelectasis, but only lung physiotherapy is able to reduce the development of postoperative pneumonia. Thus, we recommend lung physiotherapy as prophylactic treatment after abdominal surgery. The value of optimized pain alleviation and mobilisation in addition to lung physiotherapy should be evaluated in future trials.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1998

[A round atelectasis that development 7 years after the start of follow-up].

A 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea on exertion in November 1990. He had a history of asbestos exposure and chest CT scans showed bilateral pleural thickening with calcification and oval-shaped consolidation in the right lower posterior lung field. A chest CT scan obtained in May 1994 showed that the shadow had become smaller and more round. Its size continued to decrease, and in June 1997 the "comet-tail sign" was observed. This is the longest interval between initiating of follow-up and development of round atelectasis yet reported.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2006

Middle ear atelectasis: what causes it and how is it corrected?

Many options are available to manage a patient who has atelectatic ears. Establishing normal middle ear ventilation and aeration is the cornerstone to successful control of these ears. Often, medical management with nasal steroids and decongestants is all that is needed. If recurrent infections have weakened the tympanic membrane progressively, or the middle ear environment is so severe that medical management does not correct the problem, then surgical correction is often necessary. This article explores the pathogenesis of middle ear atelectasis and explains a classification system to help the clinician determine the best course of management.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed2005

[Chronic maxillary atelectasis: an uncommon cause of persistent radiological opacification].

Chronic maxillary atelectasis (CMA) is an infrequent entity characterized by a persistent decrease in maxillary sinus volume due to inward bowing of one or more antral walls. The cause of CMA is probably maxillary sinus hypoventilation secondary to ostiomeatal complex obstruction. This creates negative pressure, leading to thinning of the sinus walls. We report the case of a 14-year-old asymptomatic girl with an opacified maxillary sinus on radiology following unsuccessful antibiotic treatment. A coronal computed tomography scan showed partial right antral opacification, with a laterally malpositioned medial infundibular wall and fontanel retraction, and consequently CMA was diagnosed. The interest of this case lies in the infrequency of CMA and the need to distinguish it from maxillary sinusitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Mechanism of production of crackles after atelectasis during low-volume breathing.

We compared the effects of shallow breathing of air (LVB-air) and oxygen (LVB-O2) at low lung volumes (below closing capacity) and tidal breathing at FRC (FRC-air, FRC-O2) on the production of crackles in 5 normal volunteers. Two microphones were attached on the right posterior chest wall in the midclavicular line 10 and 20 cm from the apex of the right lung, respectively (M10 and M20), to record crackles during various breathing maneuvers. We found that after LVB-air and LVB-O2, there were changes in residual volume as measured by the body plethysmograph. Both inspiratory and expiratory limbs of the quasi-static pressure volume curve were shifted to the right. Occasionally, some subjects coughed after LVB-air and/or LVB-O2. Inspiratory crackles occurred mostly at the upper third of vital capacity (VC) after LVB-air and LVB-O2 and were confined almost exclusively to the dependent lung zones (M20). The inspiratory transpulmonary pressure at 25% (PL25) and 50% (PL50) of VC correlated with the volume of trapped gas that was absorbed (delta Vtg) (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.001, respectively). The quantity of crackles correlated with delta Vtg (p less than 0.01). We conclude that during low lung volume breathing airways in the dependent lung regions are closed. There is absorption of trapped oxygen which causes reversible atelectasis. Upon reinflation, inspired air will go to the lung regions with open airways first and subsequently to the closed dependent regions, producing crackles recorded by the M20 microphone at the upper third of VC. The crackles are produced by inflation of atelectatic lung.

Air↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vestibular atelectasis.

The temporal bone collection at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary includes specimens from several cases in which the only reasonable explanation for vertigo is collapse of the walls of the ampullae and utricle, a disorder we have termed vestibular atelectasis. The clinical histories and temporal bone studies support the existence of a primary type that may have a paroxysmal or insidious onset, and a secondary type that occurs in association with other inner ear disorders. The principal clinical symptom is chronic unsteadiness, precipitated or aggravated by head movement, and sometimes associated with short episodes of spinning vertigo. It is presumed that the collapsed membranes interfere with the motion mechanics of the cupulae and otolithic membranes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Atelectasis of the maxillary sinus with enophthalmos and midface depression.

Enophthalmos previously has been reported to be a rare complication of maxillary sinus mucoceles. We report three patients treated by the senior author (T.C.C.) over a 2-month period for enophthalmos or obvious deformity of the midface associated with complete opacification of the maxillary antrum. Most previous authors have stressed the role of chronic pressure necrosis or osteitis leading to bone destruction, with primary involvement of the orbital floor. No patients in this series had symptoms typical of maxillary sinus mucoceles. Two of our three patients presented with minimal symptoms of chronic infection. There was inward collapse of the anterior, superior, lateral, and medial walls of the maxillary sinus, with no radiographic or intraoperative confirmation of bone destruction. We speculate that this process may be the result of chronic maxillary hypoventilation with subsequent atelectasis of the antrum secondary to chronic negative pressure. All patients had obstruction at the osteomeatal complex and were treated by endoscopic enlargement of the natural maxillary ostium.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Maxillary sinus atelectasis with enophthalmos.

Chronic maxillary sinusitis may present as atelectasis of the sinus with changes to surrounding structures. Several mechanisms have been proposed for this problem. Chronic obstruction of the sinus ostium, with resultant retention of secretions and osteitic bone resorption, may account for these changes. Enophthalmos is one manifestation that may require corrective treatment. Titanium micromesh reconstruction of the orbital floor, with or without onlay concha cartilage, has reliably resolved the enophthalmos. Reconstruction of the orbital floor and ventilation of the obstructed sinus ostium may be carried out relatively safely in a single operation. The standard endoscopic technique of uncinate removal and middle meatal antrostomy should be modified to prevent orbital penetration. This report reviews our series of 6 patients with this problem, as well as a comprehensive review of the literature. Recommendations for management of both the obstruction and the secondary orbital manifestations are presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intratympanic gas-pressure in cases of SOM and atelectasis.

Direct manometric measurement of gas pressure in the middle ear, by piercing the tympanic membrane with a hollow needle, has been made leak-free. Even so, the rather small negative pressures (a few mm of H2O2) found in cases of secretory otitis media (SOM) and in atelectatic ears, are in error due to a previously unsuspected, significant correction factor. For the proper application of the correction, the volume of the free gas-space in each ear would have to be known. This volume was unavailable to us for the individual ear, yet in cases like ours it ranges between 0.5 to 2.5 ml and therefore an average of 1.2 ml was assumed. Our results, calculated on this basis, were -34 +/- 86 mmH2O and -9 +/- 86 mmH2O for 24 cases of SOM and 32 cases of atelectasis respectively. Like all previous measurements, there too show a large scatter. This is accounted for by two factors (i) the use of the average instead of the individual ear volume, (ii) actual fluctuation in middle ear aeration and therefore of pressure, pointing to the fact that underaeration is a functional disorder rather than an obstruction of the Eustachian tube.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed2005

Chronic maxillary atelectasis.

Chronic maxillary atelectasis (CMA) is characterized by a reduced maxillary sinus volume due to an inward bowing of one or more of the sinus walls. The disorder is probably caused by an obstruction of the maxillary ostium, leading to a persistent negative pressure within the sinus lumen. To provide insight into the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of this disorder, a retrospective study of twelve cases that met radiographic criteria of CMA was carried out. The patients were equally divided between both sexes and were on average 25 years old. Five of the twelve patients were under eighteen years of age. The patients had chronic sinonasal complaints except two, who had a "silent sinus syndrome", characterized by enophthalmos associated with a marked sinus deformation. This is the first report of CMA associated with a benign nasal tumour and also of CMA following cicatrisation due to nasal packing for bleeding after endoscopic sinus surgery. All patients were treated surgically by creating a middle meatal antrostomy, thus restoring sinus ventilation. To conclude, CMA is rare and probably underestimated, especially in the paediatric population. Different entities causing a complete ostial occlusion can lead to CMA. Endoscopically restoring maxillary sinus ventilation is the recommended treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Mini-myringoplasty in the treatment of tympanic atelectasis.

Mini-myringoplasty is an outpatient procedure developed to simultaneously lateralize the tympanic membrane and provide middle ear ventilation in patients who have developed atelectasis. This paper describes the operative procedure and reports on 50 consecutive cases in which these objectives were achieved. Patients experience a minimum of discomfort. Restoration of the normal tympanic membrane configuration and improvement in hearing are noted within a few days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[A case of atelectasis of the middle lobe associated with congestive heart failure].

A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for work up of a shadow in the right middle lobe on chest X-ray film. He had hypertension, aortic regurgitation, and atrial fibrillation on admission. Bronchoscopy demonstrated total obstruction of the right B4 orifice, but the etiology of obstruction was unknown. He was discharged and followed up. The shadow in the middle lobe disappeared spontaneously and the cardiac silhouette was slightly smaller than that on the first admission. The shadow in the middle lobe reappeared again with the progression of cardiomegaly. Because hypertension became uncontrolled and pretibial edema developed, he was readmitted. Bronchoscopy showed the same findings as on the first admission. After treatment of heart failure for one month, bronchoscopy demonstrated partial patency of the right B4 orifice. As cardiomegaly improved, the shadow in the middle lobe diminished and then disappeared, and chest CT scan showed patency of the right B4. These findings suggest that congestive heart failure caused the atelectasis of the right middle lobe, so-called middle lobe syndrome. A possible mechanism of the right B4 obstruction is that the right B4 was compressed between the middle lobe artery and the dilated middle lobe vein due to heart failure.

Aged↗