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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Length of comorbidity lookback period affected regression model performance of administrative health data.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The impact of different comorbidity ascertainment lookback periods on modeling posthospitalization mortality and readmission was examined. METHODS: Index cases comprised medical (n = 326,456) and procedural (n = 349,686) patients with a hospital admission from 1990-1996. Administrative hospital data were extracted for 102 comorbidities, ascertained at index admission and for 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year lookback periods. Deaths and readmissions were identified within 12 months and 30 days of separation, respectively. Hierarchically nested and nonnested Cox regressions as well as Receiver Operator Characteristic Area Under the Curve (ROC-AUC) were used to determine model-fit and predictive ability of lookback period models. RESULTS: The 1-year lookback period provided the best model-fit for both patient groups when modeling mortality. A similar model-fit was seen at index admission for procedural but not medical patients. The superior readmission model employed 5 years of lookback for both patient groups. With one exception, all lookback period models were superior to those abstracting comorbidity from index admission only. Similar results were evident from ROC-AUC, although greater predictive ability was seen with modeling of mortality (0.847-0.923) compared with readmission (0.593-0.681). CONCLUSION: The explanatory power of regression models, when adjusting for comorbidity, is influenced by length of lookback, outcome investigated and clinical subgroup. Shorter periods (approximately 1 year) appear appropriate for modeling posthospitalization mortality, whereas longer lookback periods are superior for readmission outcomes.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Capturing the semantic relationship between clinical terms with current MeSH bibliographic coding.

This paper compares bibliographic retrieval using current MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) to bibliographic retrieval using explicitly coded semantic relationships between index terms. In a previous study, ten lists of abstracts, each list containing 20-40 papers discussing a specific pair of terms, were analyzed to identify the specific relationship(s) between those terms discussed in each paper. In the present study, we analyze how well current MeSH coding using topical subheadings and check tags, can selectively retrieve those papers discussing each semantic relationship.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1992

Indexing the sequence libraries: software providing a common indexing system for all the standard sequence libraries.

We describe a set of programs for creating and using indexes for the distributed forms of the major sequence libraries. The indexes conform to the specification of those distributed on cd-rom by the EMBL sequence library. The programs create entry name, accession number, author and freetext indexes and a brief directory index. If a suitable application program is given an entry name or accession number these indexes allow rapid retrieval of sequences or annotation. Similarly the author and freetext indexes provide the data for extremely fast searching on author names and "keywords". The indexing programs can create indexes for EMBL, Swiss-Prot, GenBANK, PIR and NRL3d libraries. We also describe the organisation and use of the different sequence libraries and their index files.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1998

A quantitative perspective on the virtual patient record (VPR) and its realization.

The Virtual Patient Record (VPR), the union of all collections of health relevant data that accumulates over a person's lifetime in any institution that person has contact with, is a technical possibility in the age of networked computers[1]. This paper investigates, under what conditions the VPR may be useful and manageable. Quantitative considerations of the VPR for a population of 10 M people form the basis. Dynamic aspects of updating and decay in value for treatment decisions are also taken into account. The role of centralized and distributed data stores are compared and the need for indexing is identified.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2005

A strategy for assigning new concepts in the MEDLINE database.

The MeSH indexing done in MEDLINE is engineered by humans. Humans define the MeSH concepts and human indexers assign MeSH terms to MEDLINE records. Methods have been designed in an attempt to assign MeSH terms to MEDLINE documents automatically with some success. Methods have also been designed to locate useful phrases as potential concepts for indexing. However, little work has been done on the problem of how one might automatically index with the concepts represented by such phrases. Here we examine this issue and present a method for such indexing.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1993

Information-seeking behavior: a survey of health sciences faculty use of indexes and databases.

This study investigated information-seeking behavior, including use of major bibliographic tools by medical, pharmacy, nursing, and science faculty at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The study assessed the impact of availability of locally mounted databases, determined needs for modification of instructional programs, identified the need for promotional material, and established a baseline for subsequent studies. Results reflected a wide variation in the number and format of secondary services used by faculty. Over 70% of all faculty from the colleges of medicine, pharmacy, and nursing used Index Medicus or MEDLINE. There were statistically significant differences between colleges in their use of mediated and end-user searching of MEDLINE. Colleges exhibited significant differences in use of Current Contents, PsycLIT, ERIC, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Chemical Abstracts, and Science Citation Index. Statistically significant differences also were found among several clinical departments. The study concluded that, as new formats to bibliographic tools become available, traditional formats continue to be used; training sessions must be tailored to the audience; and the availability of local resources and their use by faculty needs to be understood.

CD-ROM↗
PubMed1998

Thesauri and formal classifications: terminologies for people and machines.

Terminologies are now software. They are key components of the integration of electronic patient records, decision support systems and information retrieval systems. To be used as software, the different types of content in traditional terminologies must be separated, which we term here: conceptual, linguistic, inferential and pragmatic. The conceptual knowledge at the heart of the terminology needs to be expressed formally in order to provide a dependable framework for the other types of knowledge. Information left implicit in most existing coding and classification systems must be made explicit. The test of the resulting terminologies is how well they support software for key functions: including data entry, information retrieval, mediation, indexing, and authoring.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1995

The efficacy of Decapinol mouthwash 2 mg/mL in preventing gingivitis.

In vitro studies and early clinical trials have shown promising results for Delmopinol HCl solution as an effective mouth rinse for reducing experimentally induced gingivitis in the absence of mechanical plaque control. The efficacy of Decapinol mouthwash 2 mg/mL (Delmopinol HCl) in preventing gingivitis in a double-blind, randomized clinical study with parallel group design was studied. Forty-seven healthy young adults were randomly assigned to the Delmopinol or placebo groups. After an initial period of four weeks of intensive oral hygiene including bi-weekly professional cleaning of the teeth and oral hygiene instruction, all subjects achieved a low degree of gingivitis or a plaque score close to zero. At baseline, Bleeding on Probing, Modified Gingival Index and Plaque Index were recorded and the teeth were professionally cleaned. All forms of plaque control were then suspended and subjects were supervised in a one-minute rinsing of Decapinol mouthwash 2 mg/mL or placebo twice daily. Measurements of efficacy variables were then repeated after two and three weeks treatment and adverse events were recorded. After the study period of three weeks all previous plaque control measures were resumed. At week four, all subjects were reassessed for the resolution of gingival inflammation and where residual gingival inflammation persisted, appropriate treatment was given. Only mild and short-lasting adverse events were noted for the use of Delmopinol in the study period. However, for all teeth sites measured, significant differences between Delmopinol and placebo groups were found in Bleeding on Probing (p < 0.05) and Plaque Index (p < 0.0005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The relationship between grandmothers' involvement in child care and emergency department utilization.

This study examines the relationship between involvement of grandmothers in child care and poor urban mothers' use of the emergency department (ED) for nonurgent care. Mothers with an index child between one and two years old were interviewed in the waiting room of a pediatric continuity clinic. They were asked about the proximity and involvement in child care of a grandmother, great-grandmother, or female family member. Frequency of ED use was abstracted from the index child's medical records. Results showed that mothers who frequently used the ED for nonemergent pediatric care were more likely to have the child's grandmother or great-grandmother living in close proximity or involved in care of the child than infrequent users (80 vs 45%, P < 0.05). This study suggests that proximity and involvement of the grandmother may influence health care decisions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

References to contemporary papers on acoustics.

In most of the following references, the author's name is followed by the title of the paper or book in boldface, the journal, the volume number in boldface, the issue number in parentheses, the page reference, and lastly, in parentheses, the year. Where reference is made to abstract journals that number their abstracts, the abstract number is given instead of a page reference. Abstracts in Annales des Tèlècommunications are in French and those for Referativnyi Zhurnal, Fizika (three series, E, I, Zh) are in Russian [where, e.g., Ref. Zh. Fiz. 7 E425 (1979) means: July issue, E, abstract no. 425, year 1979.] When possible, the abbreviations for the names of the journals follow those in Bibliographic Guide for Editors & Authors (1974). A number preceded by the letters AD, DE, PB, or N refers to the accession/report number of the Government Reports Announcements & Index. The numbers to the left of the sections and sub-sections in this volume correspond to those that appear in the Classification of Subjects preceding the index in the June 1983 issue of JASA. Compiled from various sources. For many of the journals referred to here, those interested will find their addresses in either the semi-annual Author Index of Physics Abstracts or the annual Physics Briefs: List of Abstracted Periodical and Serial Publications.

Acoustics↗