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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Isolation of pathogenic Mycobacterium strains in cattle slaughtered in the abattoir of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso].

The major cause of meat rejection at the slaughterhouse of Bobo-Dioulasso is bovine tuberculosis. The objective of this work was to confirm the postmortem diagnosis pronounced at the slaughterhouse using laboratory methods (direct examination following Ziehl-Hielsen staining and isolation of Mycobacterium strains following culture in a Loewenstein-Jensen medium. During the study, 39 pathogenic Mycobacterium strains (38 Mycobacterium bovis and 1 Mycobacterium tuberculosis) out of 100 sampled out suspicious strains, were studied. No Mycobacteria typical of M. farcinogenes was found on direct examination. We were then able to differentiate between bovine tuberculosis and bovine farcy. The results confirm the well-founded decision in the slaughterhouse to discard the meat on the grounds of tuberculosis. The majority of cattle is located in villages around Bobo-Dioulasso and its is therefore highly likely that the disease is enzootic in the area with a fairly high level of infection in animals.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1996

[Preliminary epidemiological survey on prevalences of Salmonella spp. at Bissau abattoir (Guinea-Bissau)].

Considering the importance of Salmonella as a mortality and morbidity agent, in particular in children, a study on Salmonella prevalence was performed in collaboration with the Guinea-Bissau authorities through an epidemiological survey at Bissau slaughterhouse. The prevalence rate in 117 bovines slaughtered and approved for human consumption was 13.7%, with 8.5% sampled in the intestine and 5.1% in the gallbladder. Rectal swabbing in 74 live animals resulted in the isolation of S. stanleyville only. On the other hand, no strain was found in hepatic lymph nodes. These strains, some of them pathogenic for humans, are mostly called "exotic": S. bargny, S. brazzaville, S. virchow, S. rubislaw, S. brazil, S. calabar, S. havana, S. hull, S. marseille, S. shipely, S. uppsala, S. 114, 12;l,w;e,n,x. A new serotype is described: S. 28:f,m,t:-. Isolated from the caecal content, it had MSHA fimbriae (+ + + +) and 7.0 Log 10 as DL 50. Most of these strains presented simple or multiple antibiotic resistance. They were more frequently isolated during the wet season than during the dry season.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1996

[Experiences during training of a group for tasting bovine meat at an industrial refrigerated abattoir in Venezuela].

During three months, a group of people (meat consumers and active personnel) of a Venezuelan packing house were asked to assign discretionary scores to a sample of 103 beef longissimus steaks in order to familiarize them with the score sheet and to their future job as panelists. Scores assigned to 37 steaks by seven candidates that assisted regularly to these preliminary sessions (out of 12 attendants), were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine variability among judges before training. The whole group (n = 12) potential candidates from both sexes, and ranging between 25 and 45 years, were interviewed and pre selected for formal training. Triangle tests were used as selection tool and allowed for dismissing two of them. Training reinforced acquaintance with test procedures and improved natural abilities, sensitivity and memory for test attributes by using an 8-point descriptive scale to describe samples differing in fiber tenderness, amount of connective tissue, overall tenderness, juiciness, and flavor intensity. After 2 mo. of training (5 h weekly) the first panel performance evaluation (PPE) was conducted over 4 days with 3 sessions per day and 3 samples per session with 9 different samples. Data for each candidate were subjected to one-way ANOVA and F-ratio served as criteria to rank candidates' ability for describing each attribute. Panelist 7 and 8 rated last and were excused to conform an 8-member panel. The panel evaluated 300 samples during a 6-mo period and a second PPE was conducted. The second PPE revealed changes in relative ranking positions. Data from the first 40 (out of 300) samples were subjected to ANOVA for testing score (panelist) variability after training. A significant effect of panelist was detected before (P < .05) and after (P < .001) training, but a much greater variability became apparent in untrained candidates. Mean separation for trained panelist only differed in decimal units within the same points or adjacent points of the scale. Results validated methodologies used for panel training and the panel capability for sensorial evaluation of non-processed beef.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1996

[Serologic screening of certain zoonoses in the abattoir personnel in Djibouti].

A sero-prevalence survey was carried out on 108 workers of Djibouti slaughter-house in order to search out the carriers of agents of zoonotic diseases. The sera revealed prevalences of 6.5% for brucellosis, 0.9% for chlamydiosis and 42.6% for toxoplasmosis whereas no positive reactions were detected for Rift valley fever, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever, hydatidosis, and toxocarosis. These data are compared with results obtained from cattle and small ruminants slaughtered in Djibouti.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1997

[Observations on abattoir personnel on the use of prodding sticks on slaughter pigs in the entrance area of the restrainer].

The impact of four animal handler with varying degrees of experience was evaluated by examining the behaviour of a total of 656 slaughter pigs in the entrance area of the restrainer. The evaluation of the handler was directly based on the behaviour of pigs that was ultimately influenced by the use of electric prods and sticks. The usage of prods and sticks varied to a great extent between handlers (i.e., one handler used the electric prod in 96.4% of all cases). From protection of animals point of view is the assessment of usage in this area different. The majority of animals (> or = 50%) only enter the restrainer after being pushed by a prod or stick. The desired voluntary entrance of pigs into the restrainer was only realized by a few animals. Increasing the number of pigs that voluntarily enter the restrainer is the ultimate goal that can only be achieved after clearly identifying the reasons for disturbance and through improvement of construction details that consider the behaviour of the animal.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1997

[Brain injuries with abattoir guns].

The authors present a report on the treatment of 16 patients with brain injuries caused by a slaughterhouse gun. Nine patients had to be re-operated because of the presence of a foreign body; the primary operations of six patients were made in another surgical department. Two patients were re-operated twice. The reason for the first revision were bone fragments. The reason for the second revision was nasal liquorrhoea and posttraumatic hydrocephalus. Three patients (18.75%) of the investigated group died. The immediate cause of death was cerebral oedema. Eleven patients (68.75%) were referred for after-treatment to other health facilities, their condition had already improved. Two patients (12.5%) were referred in a poor, unaltered condition (coma). The rare incidence of gunshot injuries leads to a certain embarrassment how to treat patients with this type of injury. It was found that in gunshot wounds of the head and brain it is necessary to revise the gunshot canal from a craniotoic approach, remove foreign bodies, bone fragments, brain debris and then close perfectly the aperture in the dura mater, remove the margins of the bone contaminated with the injuring object and suture the skin. The authors draw attention to difficulties associated with localisation of the foreign body in the gunshot canal and possibilities of peroperative application of two-dimensional ultrasonography.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1984

Dental disease in hill sheep: an abattoir survey.

Heads from 478 aged sheep of a predominantly hill breed population were examined in detail for evidence of dental disease, using both soft and hard tissue measurements around incisor and cheek teeth. Almost 60 per cent of this population (all over 2 1/2 years of age and with a mean age between 7 and 8 years) had either loose or missing teeth. Malalignment of cheek teeth and/or incisors was also common. Pocketing was seen in 87 per cent of the population, and was significantly correlated with tooth looseness. There was also a significant relationship between incisor and specific cheek tooth pocket depths. Whilst local alveolar bone loss was found, it was not a reflection of more general skeletal deterioration. The survey confirms the high incidence of broken mouth in the national flock and shows that wherever incisor problems occur there is a likelihood that cheek tooth disease is also present, a relationship not readily appreciated clinically.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) versus conventional IVF on abattoir-derived and in vitro-matured equine oocytes.

Conventional IVF as well as several assisted microfertilization techniques have shown limited success in the horse. After recent positive results achieved with intracytoplasmic injection of a single spermatozoon (ICSI) in human IVF, we chose to try the method in the horse. We compared conventional IVF to ICSI by fertilization rates of oocytes with compact and expanded cumuli and by developmental potential of the resulting embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by aspirating the follicular fluid from the ovaries of slaughtered mares. Complexes showing complete cumulus investment, either compact or expanded, were randomly assigned to IVF or ICSI trials and separately cultured for IVM. Frozen-thawed stallion spermatozoa were prepared for IVF with a swim-up procedure conducted in Talp-Hepes with heparin or for ICSI in Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) supplemented with human serum albumin (HSA). Oocytes for IVF were partially decumulated by pipetting, whereas those for ICSI were totally denuded with 80 UI/ml hyaluronidase. Oocytes were fixed, stained and examined for signs of fertilization the day after IVF or ICSI. The percentage of normally fertilized oocytes showing 2 pronuclei or cleavage was significantly higher with ICSI than IVF (29.8%, 17/57 vs 8.7%, 9/103 ; P < 0.01). Significantly higher fertilization rates were observed in oocytes retrieved with an expanded cumulus when submitted to ICSI procedure as compared with IVF (52.2%, 12/23 vs 17.1%, 6 35 ; P < 0.01), whereas in oocytes recovered with a compact cumulus, fertilization rates were low (14.7%, 5/34 with ICSI and 4.4%, 3 68 with IVF; NS). Embryonal development did not occur after culture following IVF, as indicated by absence of cleavage in any of the 93 inseminated oocytes. Following ICSI, 7 of 55 injected oocytes cleaved, 5 of which had shown expanded cumuli; of the 5, 2 were at the 16-cell stage and one each at the 8-, 3- and 2-cell stage, respectively. The other 2 fertilized oocytes, originating from compact cumuli, reached 4- and 8- cell stages, respectively. These results indicate that ICSI can be applied successfully to in-vitro matured equine oocytes to increase the fertilization rates. In addition, it seems that in vitro cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes issuing from a compact cumulus may not be complete enough to lead to a successful fertilization and that ICSI may be a tool to evaluate ooplasmic maturation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

An abattoir survey on the frequency of fatty liver syndrome in dairy cows from the suburbs of Tehran.

One hundred and six Holstein and Holstein x native cows were inspected before and after slaughter, and liver samples were taken. The fat content of all the liver samples was estimated by an extraction method (Soxhlet). The livers of 29 cows (27%) were classified as fatty. Seventeen of the animals were newly calved, 47 were non-pregnant, 33 were pregnant and 9 were dry, the median values for the fat content of their livers being 60.6, 34.4, 34.7 and 33.8 mg/g, respectively. The median concentration of liver fat in the first group was significantly different from that in each of the other groups (p < 0.01).

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1987

Yersinia species infection of lambs and cull cows at an abattoir.

The rectal contents of 330 cull cows and 66 lambs were sampled over the 1984-1985 killing season at a New Zealand freezing works for the presence of Yersinia species. Samples from the cows revealed one isolation of Y. pseudotuberculosis and one isolation of Y. intermedia. Samples from the lambs gave thirteen isolates of Y. enterocolitica, three of Y. inter-media, two of Y. pseudotuberculosis and one of Y. frederiksenii. Two of the isolates of Y. enterocolitica were shown to be serotype 0:3. Although no parallel studies were carried out on young cattle or adult sheep, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Yersinia infection primarily involves young animals. Thus there exists the potential for transmission of the above species of Yersinia from young animals to man which needs further detailed study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Monitoring the health of pigs in New Zealand abattoirs.

A survey of the prevalence of pneumonia, ascariasis, mange, oesophagogastric ulcers and porcine intestinal adenomatosis was carried out during 1986-90 on 2792 baconer pigs from 46 herds located in Canterbury, North Otago and the southern part of the North Island of New Zealand. Enzootic pneumonia had an overall prevalence of 45%, ascariasis 13% and clinical mange 13%. Oesophagogastric ulceration was a problem in certain herds only, whilst porcine intestinal adenomatosis and associated ileal lesions had a very low prevalence (7%). Examination of 534 snouts for atrophic rhinitis revealed a prevalence of 31%, but most of the lesions recorded were very mild.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Contamination and bacterial retention capacity of beef carcasses at the abattoir.

The contamination of beef carcasses was studied together with the capacity of meat surfaces to retain bacteria along the processing line in the slaughter hall. The results showed that the contamination varied along the processing line, but that this pattern was essentially dependent on the contamination at the dressing station. It decreased or remained unchanged during the first 12 min and then increased, even without additional contamination. The contamination varied according to carcasses and micro-organisms studied and was not greatly affected by spray cleaning. The number of bacteria retained changed at a rate similar to that of the contaminants. The attachment was instantaneous. The results are discussed and compared with the various hypotheses about contamination and bacterial attachment processes.

Animals↗