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PubMedDate not supplied

Asian workshop recommends injectables.

Injectable contraceptives are now in use in over 65 countries, including 15 developed nations. At the 1st Asian Regional Workshop on Injectable Contraceptives, held in Thailand in May, this fact was underlined and the conclusion reached that it was time that other countries should review the acceptability of and need for injectable contraceptives in the context of their own national family planning programs. Over 50 people from 11 countries, including Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, took part. The workshop was also attended by IPPF's deputy medical director, Dr. Pramilla Senanayake. The largest clinical experience in the use of injectable contraceptives is in Asia, and the participants of the workshop were able to meet 10 of the Thai women who had had the injectable, Depo-Provera, continuously for over 10 years. These women had not missed a single injection, and had had no serious side effects, nor any unwanted pregnancies during this time. In a discussion on the recent decision of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to refuse a license for Depo-Provera in the U.S., it was pointed out that on 2 successive occasions Depo-Provera had been recommended for approval to the FDA by its own Obstetric and Gynecological Advisory Committee. (The membership of this advisory committee was made up of U.S. experts in obstetrics and gynecology.) Medical data were considered which showed that the return of fertility with Depo-Provera was comparable to that with oral contraceptives or IUDs, and method failure extremely low. On the evidence now available the workshop agreed that on the grounds of safety, exceptional use-effectiveness, and acceptability, injectable contraceptives had a valuable role to play in family planning. No serious adverse effects had been reported, freedom from metabolic effects was important, and earlier concern about the return of fertility after discontinuation had been dispelled. The current evidence on the safety of injectables did not indicate that this method would be less safe than oral contraceptives or IUDs.

Asia↗

PubMed2002

Is aging a disease? A review of the Serono Symposia Workshop held under the auspices of the 3rd World Congress on the Aging Male. February 9, 2002, Berlin, Germany.

On February 9, 2002, Serono Symposia sponsored a workshop at The 3rd World Congress on The Aging Male that was held in Berlin, Germany at the Hotel Inter-Continental. The title of the workshop 'Is aging a disease?', was intended to convey recent interest in the subject of aging as a clinically relevant entity and to discuss causes and approaches to its management. The Workshop was co-chaired by Drs Viktor Büber and Richard F. Walker. Speakers included Drs George R. Merriam, Heinrich M. Schulte, Felice Strollo and Richard F. Walker. Topics were arranged to proceed from a general overview of fundamental aspects of the aging process and their clinical consequences to specific aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of age-related disorders that could be associated with neuroendocrine dysfunction. F. Strollo initiated the series of lectures by reviewing some of the biological theories of aging and suggesting that maladaptive changes within the central nervous and endocrine systems play a major role in contributing to the cascade of events defined as senescence. R. Walker expanded upon this background by differentiating aging and disease. He suggested that while the process of aging is not a disease, it is directly responsible for the development of functional decrements causal of the intrinsic disease, frailty and general morbidity that occur in direct relation to advancing chronological age. From this generalized approach of linking age and disease, G. Merriam discussed a specific example in which age-related decrements in neuroendocrine dysfunction could contribute, at least in part, to senescent changes in body composition and physiological function. Specifically, he provided evidence that the gradual decline in growth hormone (GH) and testosterone secretion during aging is accompanied by anatomical and functional changes resembling pathogenic hormone deficiency. He went on to discuss possible interventions into this process, specifically showing data to support the view that a combination of GH secretagogues and sex hormones may be of value in sustaining health and vitality in the elderly. As an extension of this discussion, H. M. Schulte compared and contrasted age changes in sex hormone secretion between genders, and also stressed that the diagnosis and management of endocrine changes during life has become a serious challenge to those physicians intending to intervene in the aging process. Because the relationship of reduced hormone secretion to disease in the elderly is presently unclear, the Workshop concluded on a note of caution that guidelines for the replacement of endocrine substances as a prophylactic approach to aging have yet to be defined.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Interactive workshops as a dissemination strategy in psychology].

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether interactive workshops are an effective strategy for promoting a psychological intervention model among healthcare providers, to treat problem drinkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted between the years 1999 and 2000, among 206 healthcare providers at seven Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute of Social Security, IMSS) clinics. Study subjects were selected by hospital executive officers. The study design is a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test study. Data on providers' attitudes, interests, and knowledge were collected using a questionnaire. After that, interactive workshops were conducted, and the same questionnaire was applied again at the end of the workshops. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student's t test for matched samples. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found in participants' knowledge on alcoholism t (206, 205) = -9.234, p = 0.001, as well as in their interest t (206, 205) = -2.318, p = 0.021. CONCLUSIONS: Interactive workshops are an effective tool to disseminate the Guided Self-Help Program conducted in IMSS clinics. Healthcare providers can become change-inducing/promoting agents of psychological innovations.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Advanced clinical engineering workshops in Central America.

Over the past ten years the American College of Clinical Engineering has conducted numerous Advanced Clinical Engineering Workshops in developing countries around the world. Most of the recent workshops have been conducted in Latin America and the Caribbean in cooperation with the Pan American Health Organization, an affiliate of the World Health Organization. This presentation describes workshop objectives and topics. It also describes the author's participation in workshops conducted in Costa Rica (2002) and El Salvador (2003).

Biomedical Engineering↗

PubMed2003

A two-week workshop to promote cardiovascular disease prevention programs in countries with limited resources.

Training is a crucial tool for building the capacity necessary for prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in developing countries. This paper summarizes some features of a 2-week workshop aimed at enabling local health professionals to initiate a comprehensive CVD prevention and control program in a context of limited resources. The workshops have been organized in the regions where CVD prevention programs are being contemplated, in cooperation with health authorities of the concerned regions. The workshop's content includes a broad variety of issues related to CVD prevention and control, and to program development. Strong emphasis is placed on "learning by doing," and groups of 5-6 participants conduct a small-scale epidemiological study during the first week; during the second week, they draft a virtual program of CVD prevention and control adapted to the local situation. This practice-oriented workshop focuses on building expertise among anticipated key players, strengthening networks among relevant health professionals, and advocating the urgent need to tackle the emerging CVD epidemic in developing countries.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗

PubMed2003

[Applied suicide intervention skills training workshop].

This article discusses the benefits and limitations of applied suicide intervention skills training (ASIST), a two-day intensive, interactive and practice-dominated workshop designed to help caregivers recognise and estimate risk and learn how to intervene in case of immediate risk of suicide. It could appropriately be compared to training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The workshop sensitises participants to attitudes and presents a model for suicide intervention; it is flexible and employs learning aids and audiovisual material in order to encourage a high level of involvement. A growing body of evidence from assessments suggests that the workshop enhances caregivers' sense of readiness for suicide intervention and their actual level of skills for that role. ASIST is a standardized learning experience that uses an effective implementation strategy through which local professionals are trained as instructors. It was developed by LivingWorks Education in Canada in the 1980s. In Norway, Vivat, a training programme originating in the National Suicide Prevention Plan, is in charge of implementation of the workshop and training of instructors.

Audiovisual Aids↗

PubMed1978

[Some considerations on sports in workshops for the disabled (author's transl)].

Sports and play can constitute useful components in the production-free programmes of workshops for the disabled. As a result of a survey carried out in 1976 with the help of a questionnaire statements can be made on the sports situation of 150 workshops catering for 19 450 disabled people, i.e., two thirds of the workshop places currently available. Approximately 60% of the disabled do not have the opportunity of participating in sporting activities: 28% have one sports lesson per week, 9% two and 2% three. Table tennis and ball games are the most frequently mentioned. This applies also for the leisure time sports of the disabled. - As there is only a small number of appropriate facilities belonging to the workshops it is recommended that those of neighbouring schools and clubs be used. Sports lessons are usually given by special teachers' assistants with an additional qualification, as there are only a few physical education instructors with a particular knowledge of sports for the disabled. As an interim solution group leaders could be trained as sport supervisors.

Persons with Disabilities↗

PubMed1984

Genetic Analysis Workshop II: summary.

The second Genetic Analysis Workshop was held October 30, 1983, at the American society of Human Genetics meetings in Norfolk, Virginia. Ten groups of investigators analyzed three sets of pedigrees generated by computer simulation. A summary of the workshop is presented. In this overall description by the workshop organizers, the rationale for the choice of problems and the characteristics of the three data sets are discussed, and the ten analyses are briefly summarized and compared. Following this general summary are brief descriptions of the analyses of each group of workshop participants, in alphabetical order by senior author.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

TNEEL workshop. Interactive methods for teaching end-of-life care.

Nurse educators have identified lack of end-of-life content as a serious deficit in undergraduate nursing education. TNEEL, a new software program with tools for teaching end-of-life topics, was created to help educators overcome this problem. The authors implemented an experiential workshop to help educators learn how to use TNEEL's wide variety of educational tools. Trainers provided information about TNEEL and coached participants (N = 94) as they practiced using laptop computers to increase their familiarity and comfort in using the toolkit. Workshop participants completed pre- and posttest evaluations addressing their opinions and beliefs about using this computer tool. Findings support the workshop as an effective way to facilitate adoption of this innovative educational resource and support the development of a nation-wide training plan for TNEEL with experiential workshops.

CD-ROM↗

PubMed1978

Sexual attitudes, behavior and satisfaction for able-bodied and disabled participants attending workshops in human sexuality.

Since 1973, Sexual Attitude Reassessment (SAR) Workshops have been conducted for persons with physical handicaps, health care professionals and interested members of the community. Although reassessment of personal sexual attitudes is the primary objective of the workshops, several closely related objectives have emerged: (1) evaluation of the impact of the experience on changing both sexual attitudes and behaviors; (2) evaluation of the sexual satisfaction and problem areas of participants with particular reference to persons with physical disabilities; and (3) provision of an institute-wide catalyst for initiating programs and services based on newly identified unmet needs. This article presents data from 15 workshops with emphasis on comparing the sexual attitudes, behavior and satisfaction of the able-bodied and the disabled participants. Of the 650 participants, 98 (15%) were disabled and of this group approximately 75% had spinal cord injury. Comparison of pre- and post-workshop responses to sexual attitude scales showed similar and significant changes on four of nine scales for both the able-bodied and disabled groups. Analysis of sexual behavior and satisfaction by physical status revealed that the disabled participants were less active than the able-bodied participants although both groups reported similar percentages of satisfaction (38 and 41% respectively) with their current level of sexual activity. Lack of partners was cited most frequently by both groups as the major reason for dissatisfaction with current sexual status. Implications of these findings are discussed with regard to sexual counseling and areas of further research.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Essential emergency surgical, procedures in resource-limited facilities: a WHO workshop in Mongolia.

A WHO 'Training of Trainers' workshop on essential emergency surgical procedures was organised in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, Mongolia. The participants included doctors and nurses from the six selected aimags (provinces). Facilitators of the workshop included experts from the Faculty of Health Science University, Mongolian Surgeon's Association and Mongolian Association of Anaesthesiologists association with the Swiss Surgical Team of the International College of Surgeons, Surgical Department of Nurse's College, Trauma Orthopaedic Clinical Hospital, the Department of Quality Assurance of the Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Health. Facilitators from the Hospital University of Geneva, Geneva Foundation of Medical Education and Research (RHR) and Evidence and Information for Policy in Geneva, Switzerland participated via video link. The workshop included lectures, discussions, role playing and 'hands on' basic skills training. Videoconference and e-learning sessions using the WHO e-learning tools were conducted at the Global Development Learning Centre. The topics covered during this training workshop included team responsibility and organisation in a health care facility; patient safety; disaster planning; appropriate use of oxygen; management of bleeding, burns and trauma; basic anaesthetic and resuscitation techniques; prevention of HIV transmission; sterilisation of equipment; waste disposal; hygiene; record keeping, monitoring and evaluation of quality of care and checklists prior to surgery to assure that the correct patient gets the correct surgery on the correct side at the correct time. Recommendations were made by the participants on the next steps after this training.

Education↗

PubMed2004

Workshop on future directions for plant research at NASA: a report.

NASA's Fundamental Space Biology Division and the Advanced Human Support Technology Program convened a workshop in December 2003 [correction of 2004] at Kennedy Space Center, Florida, to chart future directions for plant research at NASA. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together key managers and principal investigators in NASA's plant research community as well as non-NASA funded researchers to formulate a strategy to guide future plant research for the Office of Biological and Physical Research (OBPR). Subsequent to the workshop, on Wednesday, January 14, 2004, President George W. Bush announced a proposal for NASA to go back to the moon and later send a manned mission to Mars. The following is a summary of workshop recommendations provided by the plant research community within the framework of the new exploration vision as set for by NASA.

Ecological Systems, Closed↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Faculty opinion survey following attendance to teacher training workshop in Kathmandu Medical College.

INTRODUCTION: With the growing awareness of the importance of teaching and learning in Universities, the need to improve professional qualities in teachers has been identified. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the outcome of the impact of teacher training workshops on faculty- teaching performance. METHODOLOGY: A total of 30 faculties who had undergone teacher training in the one-year period were included in the study. Survey questionnaire were distributed and all the forms were returned. RESULTS: All (100%) respondents found the teacher training to be very useful/useful for improvement of teaching skills. A total of 76.66% said that the skills learnt in the workshop were very applicable, 80% perceived changes in students classroom behaviour and found their lecture to be more participatory and interactive. As for their own change in behaviour, 66.66% respondents experienced better interaction with the students in classroom. DISCUSSION: The overall impression of the training was very positive. Future studies should include student feed back and classroom teaching observation for faculty teaching evaluation. We also need to utilise the feed back information obtained in this article, to further improve the strength of the future teacher training workshops. The future workshops should include sessions in problem-based learning and follow up refresher courses.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1991

Data analysis of the Second International Workshop on Small Cell Lung Cancer Antigens.

Methods of data collection for the 2nd Small Cell Lung Cancer Workshop are described, and data reliability is reviewed. The method of cluster analysis of the workshop antibodies is described and discussed. Of the 27,111 results submitted 20,705 were judged to be reliable for analysis and 13,802 of these came from immunohistology experiments. Data derived from immunocytochemistry experiments were somewhat less reproducible than flow cytometry, immunohistology and ELISA experiments. The cluster analysis was developed from methods employed in the leucocyte antigens workshops. Several checks on the methods of cluster analysis and the transformation of data did not substantially alter the final groupings. The workshop confirms that, although there are some methodological difficulties, the cluster analysis can successfully be applied to data derived largely from immunohistology, and thus has applicability to other tumour types.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1977

Results of a workshop on the development of TEAM training programs.

A two-week workshop was conducted to instruct current and potential directors of TEAM programs in planning and implementation of effective programs. A participant was sent by 36 of the 59 invited dental schools. Nineteen persons were selected as workshop faculty. The first week was spent in didactic sessions on educational methods, TEAM curriculum topics, and noncurricular issues. The second week was spent on development and review of original TEAM proposals. Significant overall gains in proficiency test scores were earned by both participants who came from schools with funded TEAM programs (n=16) and those from schools without funded programs (n=18). No test score differences were observed between these groups. The two areas of greatest perceived weakness at the end were evaluation and management training. Data on TEAM grant submissions during the two years following the workshop are discussed, along with several implications for planning of long-term workshops.

Curriculum↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing diagnosis: educational workshops to promote skill and inter-rater reliability.

Educational workshops focusing on developing skill in use of nursing diagnostic terminology in the workplace were provided over a 12 week period for a sample population of registered nurses (RNs) in an acute care facility. Inherent in the workshop format was the concept of inter-rater reliability, analysis and resolution of differences. Following participation in the workshops, pairs of RNs conducted assessments on selected stable patients in the agency and completed a nursing diagnosis data collection tool for each. Data were analyzed to determine inter-rater occurrence agreement and total agreement. Most diagnostic category disagreement was related to differences in observations or missed observations. Disagreement over etiologies and defining characteristics for agreed diagnostic categories was rare. In general there was a paucity of defining characteristics for most diagnostic categories generated. Future workshops must emphasize the necessity of a valid database prior to diagnostic formulation.

Decision Making↗

PubMed1985

[Statistical problems in comparative clinical chemical analysis. Report of the workshop conference of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry, 12 and 13 January 1984, Bremen].

In continuation of the three previous workshops on this theme, the Passing-Bablok method was recapitulated and compared with standardized main component analysis. Participants in the workshop recommended both methods in place of the classical regression analysis. An essential advantage of the standardized main component is that it is more easily understood by the clinical chemist and his coworkers, and it involves fewer calculation steps. On the other hand, outliers must be recognized and eliminated, and certain other assumptions must be fulfilled. In comparison, the Passing-Bablok method is much more robust, but requires more calculation. The workshop also discussed unresolved questions concerning bases for the comparison of methods: the necessary number of samples, measures of scatter for description of precision, comparison of discrete results and several independent variances. These will be treated in greater depth in subsequent workshops.

Chemistry, Clinical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The tasks of vocational rehabilitation workshops in the broad range of psychiatric rehabilitation].

The authors describe a new rehabilitation unit i.e. The Occupational Therapy Workshops, which were established on the basis of the Decree of Minister of Work and Social Politics. The paper consists of: 1) the law, regulations and rules; 2) experience gathered during one-year period of workshops functioning at the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw. The authors encourage others to create similar workshops in mental health care settings because of their advantages as the form of preparation for occupational work. Occupational Therapy Workshops are a real aid for these persons who are no longer outpatients and have no possibility to take up a job.

Chronic Disease↗