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PubMed1998

Lesbian and bisexual health care.

OBJECTIVE: To explore lesbian and bisexual women's experiences with their family physicians to learn about barriers to care and about how physicians can provide supportive care. DESIGN: Qualitative study that was part of a larger study of lesbian and bisexual women's health care. SETTING: The province of Nova Scotia, both urban and rural counties. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-eight self-identified lesbian or bisexual women who volunteered through snowball sampling. Women were interviewed by lesbian, bisexual, or heterosexual female interviewers. METHOD: Semistructured, audiotaped, face-to-face interviews, exploring questions about demographic information, sexual orientation, general health care patterns, preferences for health care providers, disclosure issues, health care information, access issues, and important health care services. Transcription of audiotapes of interviews was followed by content, thematic, and discourse analyses. Thematic analysis is reported in this paper. MAIN OUTCOME FINDINGS: Three themes important for family physicians emerged: the importance of being gay positive, barriers to care, and strategies for providing appropriate care. CONCLUSIONS: Family physicians are in a pivotal position to ensure supportive care for lesbian and bisexual women. Physicians need to recognize barriers to care and to use gay-positive strategies, paying attention to self-education, health history, and clinic environment.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Spatial analysis of dengue transmission in a medium-sized city in Brazil].

OBJECTIVE: To perform spatial analysis on dengue transmission in a medium-sized city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, covering the period from September 1990 to August 2002. METHODS: Autochthonous cases with confirmation by laboratory tests were utilized. Population data on the city of São José do Rio Preto were obtained from the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics and the municipal authorities. The cases were georeferenced according to street addresses and clustered according to the 432 census tracts in the municipality, thus resulting in thematic maps. RESULTS: A rising trend in annual incidence was noted, with a peak in 2000/2001. From 1990 to 1994 the length of the transmission period reached a maximum of five months per year. This period increased in length over subsequent years. In the final year investigated, transmission occurred in all twelve months, without interruptions. Analysis of the period of highest incidence showed that the transmission did not occur uniformly. While 29% of the tracts registered incidences of less than 1,000 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, 5% of them had more than 5,000 cases. CONCLUSIONS: A process of increasing endemicity was observed, with transmission throughout the year, without the need for virus introducers. The endemic characteristic of the transmission and the differentiated occurrence according to areas need to be taken into account when developing strategies for dengue control.

Brazil↗
PubMed2026

Content validity, face validity and comprehensiveness of generic quality-of-life measures in adults and children with rare genetic conditions and their carers: a think aloud qualitative study.

PURPOSE: This study aims to assess the content validity, face validity and comprehensiveness of the: (a) EQ-5D-5L, EQ-HWB, and ASCOT SCT4, for adults with rare genetic conditions; (b) the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-HWB, and ASCOT-carer for carers of adults or children with rare genetic conditions; and (c) the EQ-5D-Y-5L carer proxy-complete for children with rare genetic conditions. METHODS: In total, 60 qualitative think-aloud interviews were conducted in Australia and England to understand individuals' thought process during the completion of the QoL measures. Participants were subsequently led through a semi-structured discussion. Transcripts were analysed for whether participants demonstrated understanding of the measures and thematic analysis was conducted on responses to the semi-structured discussion. RESULTS: The majority of participants showed good understanding and supported the validity of the measures for people experiencing rare conditions. For carers, however, a broader evaluative space than health-related QoL was preferred. Several non-health domains were identified as important to both patients and carers, including treatment availability, impact on employment and finance, information and uncertainty, medication and carer burden, impact of passing on a condition, relationships and social connection, and experience with the healthcare system. CONCLUSION: This study provides some support for the face validity and comprehensiveness of the measures for people experiencing rare conditions. However, several participants felt that the narrow health domains were inadequate to capture the breadth of their lived experience. Future research should explore the extent to which the measures capture differences and changes in the QoL domains identified as important to patients and carers.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Planning for health promotion in low-income preschool child care settings: focus groups of parents and child care providers.

OBJECTIVE: To identify potentially successful strategies, barriers, and facilitators for health promotion in preschool child care settings. METHODS: We conducted 6 focus groups including each of the following: parents of children attending child care centers and home-based family child care (2 in English, 1 in Spanish) and directors of child care centers and family child care providers (2 in English, 1 in Spanish). Systematic thematic analysis was conducted to generate themes to address study questions. RESULTS: A total of 24 parents and 45 child care providers, serving predominantly urban, low-income children in Boston, participated. Parents and child care providers agreed that in-person group discussions would be the most effective strategy for providing health education information to parents. Several barriers that could affect implementation emerged. First, some providers expressed frustration toward parents' attitudes about child safety and health. Second, there was diversity of opinion among providers on whether conducting health promotion activities was consistent with their training and role. In addition, literacy, language, and cultural barriers were identified as potential barriers to health promotion in child care. CONCLUSIONS: In order to be successful, health promotion strategies in child care settings will need to overcome tensions between providers and parents, allow professional growth of child care providers to serve in a health promotion role, and better integrate external health resources and personnel. Group sessions and peer learning opportunities that are culturally and linguistically sensitive are potentially successful strategies for implementation of health promotion interventions for many parents.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2003

Cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia.

BACKGROUND: Zambia, one of the world's poorest countries, also has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Most pregnant women in Zambia (96%) attend antenatal care, while 53% deliver at home. This may be related to socio-economic and cultural factors, but cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia have been little documented. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia as related by women accompanying labouring women to maternity units. These social support women were also interviewed about their views on providing companionship to labouring women. METHODS: Thirty-six women accompanying labouring women to urban and rural maternity units in Zambia were interviewed A thematic guide with closed and open-ended questions was used. EPI INFO, an epidemiological statistical software package, was used to analyse the quantitative data; qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. FINDINGS: Eighteen of the women considered themselves to be mbusas, or traditional birth assistants and the rest said that they followed labouring women to maternity units. Those who considered themselves traditional birth assistants advised childbearing women on appropriate cultural childbirth practices and assisted with deliveries at home. They also advised women on the use of traditional medicine, for example, to widen the birth canal and to precipitate labour. If something went wrong during labour, they relied on traditional beliefs and witchcraft to explain the mishap and expected the woman in labour to confess her purported 'bad' behaviour. Twelve of the women were in favour of providing support to labouring women in maternity units and learning about childbirth care from midwives. CONCLUSION: These social support women, including those who considered themselves as mbusas, lacked understanding of the causes of obstetric complications during childbirth, and had inadequate knowledge of the appropriate management of labour. Culturally-specific knowledge from this study should be used to guide policy-makers and health planners in the future development of safe motherhood initiatives in developing countries. Midwives have a unique opportunity to ensure that care given during childbirth is clinically safe and culturally sensitive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Role development in health care assistants: the impact of education on practice.

RATIONALE: Health care provision has moved towards an approach to patient care that challenges the traditional role boundaries of health care workers. In nursing this has resulted in the delegation of 'nursing care' to health care assistants (HCAs). This study sought to evaluate the impact of a HCA Development Programme on care delivery. Secondly, it sought to understand the preparedness of HCAs to undertake the programme and the new roles set for them. METHODOLOGY: The research method was a qualitative, inductive approach. For part one, data were gathered using a 360-degree approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four HCAs, eight of each of their colleagues and four patients. For part two, 12 HCAs were interviewed. Data were analysed following the principles of thematic analysis. FINDINGS: The findings for part one showed positive changes to the HCAs' role, which included skill and knowledge development, increased confidence and initiative and a more holistic approach to care. A range of personal and contextual factors including relationships, hierarchy, staffing, experience, responsibility, patient dependency, attitudes and values affected the development of their role. The HCAs in part two voiced positive and negative views of their role development. Of the 12 HCAs interviewed, eight were prepared to attend the programme, two were undecided, and two were reluctant to attend. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated that while the HCA Development Programme positively influenced the role of the HCA, there was a need to invest more into preparation for the restructuring of roles.

Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ethical issues encountered by dentists in the care of institutionalized elders.

Increasing numbers of institutionalized elders have very poor oral health. It has been suggested that ethical problems may influence dentists who attempt to provide oral care for these people, but little attention has been given to research in this area. A qualitative interview method was used to investigate the the views and experiences of dentists working with institutionalized elders. Particular attention was given to the ethical difficulties encountered and how the dentists resolved them. Ten dentists experienced in long-term care were interviewed individually by means of open-ended questions. Thematic analysis identified ethical problems focused on the difficulty of identifying the wishes of patients or predicting the outcome of treatment. The participants reported few difficulties in making clinical decisions in this setting. However, analysis revealed that the ethical perspectives of the dentists varied substantially. Variation was notable particularly in their preference for ideal or practical treatment and in their preference for autonomy of beneficence.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

A qualitative investigation into the levers and barriers to weight loss in children: opinions of obese children.

BACKGROUND: The alarming increase in the worldwide prevalence of childhood obesity is now recognised as a major public health concern. Failure to isolate and understand the external and internal factors contributing to successful weight loss may well be contributing to the ineffectiveness of current treatment interventions. AIM: To identify the physical and psychological levers and barriers to weight loss experienced by obese children using qualitative techniques. METHODS: 20 participants were randomly selected from a population of clinically obese children (7-15 years old) attending a weight-loss clinic for >3 months. The children expressed their opinions in a series of interviews and focus group sessions. Data were recorded, semitranscribed and analysed using the thematic framework analysis technique and behavioural-change models. RESULTS: Children described the humiliation of social torment and exclusion as the main reasons for wanting to lose weight, although initiation of behavioural change required the active intervention of a role model. The continuation of action was deemed improbable without continual emotional support offered at an individual level. Behavioural sacrifice, delayed parental recognition and previous negative experiences of weight loss were recognised as barriers to action. Participants identified shortcomings in their own physical abilities, the extended time period required to lose weight and external restrictions beyond their control as barriers to maintaining behavioural change. DISCUSSION: This study identifies the important levers and barriers experienced by obese children in their attempt to lose weight. Dealing with these levers and barriers while acknowledging the complex interplay of social and emotional factors unique to the individual may well promote successful weight control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Converting cultural capital among teen refugees and their families from Bosnia-Herzegovina.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify the processes by which teen refugees adapt and apply cultural capital in conditions of refuge in order to develop preventive interventions for refugee youths. METHODS: The study was a multisite ethnographic study in Chicago that involved observation of Bosnian participants in schools, community sites, service organizations, and households as well as in-depth interviews with a subsample of 30 Bosnian adolescents and their families. Field notes and interview data were subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS: The concept of converting cultural capital emerged as a useful construct for representing the cultural resources that Bosnian teen refugees and their families bring to the refugee trauma experience. Conversion of cultural capital refers to processes of adapting and applying the meanings, knowledge, customs, achievements, and outlooks that teen refugees and their families bring to new environments in order to enhance teens' cultural vitality and social incorporation. Nine mechanisms of converting cultural capital were identified, labeled, and defined in emic terms: using our language, obliging family, sticking together, returning to religion, going ghetto, building a future, taking pride in tradition, critiquing America, and seeking freedom. These mechanisms represent cultural strategies by which teen refugees attempt to manage enormous historical, social, cultural, economic, familial, and psychological changes associated with refugee trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Ethnography is an important methodologic tool in mental health services research, and the concept of converting cultural capital is useful in designing preventive interventions for teen refugees and their families.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2003

Pain at first dressing change after toenail avulsion: the experience of nurses, patients and an observer: 1.

OBJECTIVE: Ingrowing toenails are often treated surgically by nail avulsion, with paraffin tulle gauze applied to the toenail bed afterwards. In one large city's primary care trusts, community nurses reported that patients felt pain when the gauze was removed postoperatively. This study looked at patients' general pain experience, and their pain during the first dressing change after toenail avulsion. Patients' perceptions of their pain were investigated, along with nurses' experience of redressing toenail beds, their technique and their interaction with patients, especially in relation to pain prevention. METHOD: First an extensive literature review was conducted. Then a collective instrumental case study design was used. This allowed triangulation of data sources using patient and nurse interviews, and non-participant observation, from six cases recruited from the city's primary care trusts. Data were subjected to thematic content analysis, with two main categories identified. These were 'setting up of expectations' and 'a painful experience: but for whom?' RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This study provides a unique description of the type of pain patients experience. It raises serious issues about the adequacy of nurses' management of pain, including assessment, documentation and advice on pain-relief strategies. It supports discontinuing the use of paraffin tulle gauze as the postoperative dressing, and raises ethical issues about changing treatments and lack of communication with secondary care. Finally, it identifies a gap in knowledge of the most suitable dressing product to apply immediately after surgery. A randomised controlled trial is needed to clarify these preliminary findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Brazilian union actions for workers' health protection.

CONTEXT: Many authors have emphasized the importance of worker strength through unionized organizations, in relation to the improvement of working procedures, and have reported on the decisiveness of labor movement actions in achieving modifications within the field of work and health. OBJECTIVE: To describe the ways in which Brazilian unions have tried to intervene in health-illness and work processes, identifying the existence of commonality in union actions in this field. TYPE OF STUDY: Qualitative study. SETTING: Postgraduate Program, Environmental Health Department, Faculdade de Saúde Publica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Union health advisers and directors were interviewed. Documents relating to union action towards protecting workers' health were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Unions articulate actions regarding workers' health of a technical and political nature that involve many aspects and high complexity. These have been divided into thematic categories for better analysis. DISCUSSION: Union actions regarding workers' health in Brazil are restricted to some unions, located mainly in the southern, southeastern and northeastern regions of the country. Nonetheless, the unions undertaking such actions represent many professions of great economic and political importance. CONCLUSIONS: The recent changes in health and safety at work regulations, recognition of professional diseases, creation of workers' health services and programs within the unified health system, and operational improvements in companies' specialized safety and occupational medicine services, all basically result from union action. There is commonality of union action in this field in its seeking of technical and political strengthening for all workers and their general and local representation. This has the objective of benefiting collective bargaining between employers and workers. Inter-institutional action on behalf of workers' rights guarantees and amplifies the improvement of health and working conditions.

Brazil↗
PubMed2026

A Qualitative Analysis of Cancer Survivors' Experience in a Time-Restricted Eating vs Control Clinical Trial to Address Cancer-Related Fatigue.

PURPOSE: To describe cancer survivors' lived experiences in a clinical trial that tested an individualized nutrition counseling with or without time-restricted eating to address cancer-related fatigue. METHODS: The Fatigue REDuction After cancer study was a two-arm, randomized controlled trial. Participants were adult cancer survivors who were 2 months to 2 years post-treatment. All participants received individualized nutrition counseling; those in the time-restricted eating group self-selected a consistent 10-hour eating window for 12 weeks. After the study, semi-structured exit interviews were conducted to gauge participants' experiences in the trial. Interviews were transcribed and two independent coders thematically analyzed the interviews using inductive and deductive coding. NVivo software was used for data organization and analysis. RESULTS: Participants (n = 24; TRE = 11; Control = 13) were 55 ± 13 years old, 75% were female, and they had a variety of cancer types. The majority of participants found that being in the study helped them to set and achieve lifestyle goals and would therefore recommend the study to others. Participants in the time-restricted eating group noted that time-restricted eating helped them set a better routine, providing a positive sense of control. However, some noted difficulty switching to a 14-hour fasting schedule, as it can interfere with their regular routine or employment schedules. Many participants noted they were happy that cancer-related fatigue was gaining more attention, hoping to find solutions for persistent cancer-related fatigue. CONCLUSION: The majority of participants found the study useful and, regardless of their group assignment or the intervention's impact on their fatigue, found the study helped them to gain better control of their dietary habits.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Personnel reductions and structural changes in health care: work-life experiences of medical secretaries.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the experiential aspects of 'psychosocial stressors and motivators' for medical secretaries, following a period of personnel reductions and structural changes in Swedish health care. The focus was to understand and describe work-life experiences for this specific group of women and how they managed in what can be presumed to be a more demanding work situation. METHOD: A descriptive qualitative study with repeated in-depth interviews of six medical secretaries (mean age: 45 years) in a large hospital in Sweden. The first interview took place in the autumn of 1997 (in connection with the last round of the 20% staff redundancies), 1998 and 2000. Thematic content analysis from audiotaped and transcribed interviews was used to obtain understanding. RESULTS: The study provided three main themes from the women's perceived stressors, motivators and coping options. The descriptions of their stressors provided the metaphor, 'energy thieves' with three underlying subthemes: 'too much work,' 'lack of recognition' and 'the dilemma of health, family and finances.' Experienced motivators, labeled as 'energy givers' had two subthemes: 'professional pride' and 'the comprehensive whole.' The women's descriptions about managing increasing demands were thematized as altering between 'being submissive and taking actions' with three subthemes: 'unequal communication,' 'resigned and passive reactions' versus 'cautious and solution-oriented coping.' Expressions concerned mainly 'energy thieves,' inclusively worries about 'lacking energy' (intrinsic stressor), combined with passive and cautious coping behavior. However, the descriptions became somewhat more varied and balanced with enriching and solution oriented factors in the follow-up interviews. CONCLUSIONS: There is an evident contrast between a demanding reality of work, described by medical secretaries in this study, and their expressed desire to have a more reasonable work environment that allowed them to be able to complete their work. They also wanted to be heard regarding their requests about work options and decent salaries. This study demonstrates the importance of making feelings of inferiority and injustice visible as well as to support professional pride and more assertive coping behavior. This is also valid for the need to enhance equal/congruent communication between interdependent workers. The study has implications for managers and health workers supporting and empowering women, providing administrative service in a clinical health care context. The subthemes being identified within the metaphor 'energy thieves,' in relation to resigned/passive reactions and cautious coping styles, could be used in stress prevention, while the understanding of 'energy givers' and the support of active and solution-oriented coping conducts could be used in health promotion work.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Homeless children: the lives of a group of Brazilian street children.

AIM: To evaluate the life trajectories of a group of school-age street children frequenting two São Paulo city public shelters. BACKGROUND: A large proportion of the Brazilian child population suffers extreme disadvantage, although the Brazilian government gave the issue 'absolute priority' in 1990. Maternal and Under 5 mortality rates remain unacceptably high. In the metropolitan region of São Paulo an estimated 200 000 minors do not live with their mothers. Brazilian street children live lives of extreme personal and social risk. STUDY METHOD: The data were collected through individual, semi-structured interviews, with 14 school age (7-12 years) participants frequenting two city public refuges, with their legal guardians' consent. Data analysis was based on Social Representation Theory and used content analysis. FINDINGS: The children's most meaningful experiences were grouped into the thematic categories of family, the street, friends, drugs, the police, the shelters and the future. Synthesis of these categories showed the lives of these children to be permeated by violence, resulting in experiences restricting their full development. CONCLUSION: The solution to their problems depends on pressure being put on the State by the civilian community in order to establish social and health policies that conform to the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA). We consider that assisting street children involves attitudes that go beyond professional performance and demands acts of citizenship. RECOMMENDATIONS: The development of an ethical-political attitude by professionals to the problems of homeless street children is essential, and educational curricula should be appropriately constituted. Political projects to develop health and welfare policies and education should be directed to these children and their relatives, and include participation by health professionals to provide the necessary preventive and curative services.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

FAMISHED for support: recovering elders after cardiac events.

BACKGROUND: Heart disease causes disproportionately heavy burdens on unpartnered elders (widowed, divorced, never married) who have limited social resources to contend with recovery demands and complications resulting from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Research suggests that the availability of social support improves recovery after AMI and CABG, yet functional support expressly designed to modify health and stimulate recovery remains unspecified. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) in the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) role who provide social support to recovering elders may be able to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable group. AIMS: The investigators' aims are to (1) quantify the duration and frequency of nurse contact with unpartnered elders recovering from cardiac events and (2) describe the functional support provided by the CNS to the unpartnered recovering elder. METHODS: Forty narrative accounts comprising 670 entries by interventional CNS APNs were examined using thematic analytic techniques. RESULTS: Over a 14-week period, CNS APNs contacted recovering elders 16 times, with a total of 4.5 hours spent per elder, or 13 minutes per phone call and 80 minutes per home visit. Analysis of 670 entries demonstrated functional and emotional support that was captured in the acronym, FAMISHED. CONCLUSIONS: Functional and emotional support from the CNS may enhance self-efficacy for recovery from cardiac events for unpartnered elders.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Balancing uncertainty and acceptance: understanding Chinese women's responses to an abnormal cervical smear result.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to examine the responses of Hong Kong Chinese women receiving an abnormal smear result and to compare any differences in responses depending on the diagnosis of the abnormal smear. BACKGROUND: The implementation of cervical screening programmes has resulted in an increasing number of women receiving an abnormal smear result requiring cytological surveillance or referral for colposcopy. Evidence suggests that women frequently misunderstood such results, believing that they already have cancer. However, little is known about the responses of Chinese women in this situation. DESIGN: An exploratory qualitative study. METHODS: Face-to-face semi-structured tape-recorded interviews were undertaken with 66 women sampled opportunistically from an urban centre of a major non-governmental service provider. Amongst this sample, 22 women required cytological surveillance, 20 required treatment for vaginitis and 24 were referred for colposcopy. Thematic analysis was undertaken of the translated interviews within and across groups to identify categories and themes illustrating women's responses to an abnormal smear result. FINDINGS: An important difference in the comparison of the data sets was that of women's understanding of the cause of the abnormal result. Women with vaginitis understood the cause of their abnormality, whereas those in the other groups remained unclear about their abnormality, generating feelings of fear and uncertainty. Trust in practitioners influenced women's acceptance of the result. CONCLUSIONS: Although responses of Chinese women are similar to those in other population groups, with those referred for colposcopy experiencing greater anxiety than those undergoing cytological surveillance, balancing feelings of uncertainty and acceptance influenced Chinese women's responses to their abnormal results and allowed them to make sense of their result in their everyday life. Trust in the practitioner was essential to the acceptance of their result. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Such findings highlight implications for nursing practice, in particular developing information-giving strategies and targeted information to help women manage feelings of uncertainty. The importance of trusting professional relationships in determining women's acceptance of an abnormal result is also highlighted. The findings suggest nurses working with Chinese women should consider the underlying influence of culture on women's beliefs and actions.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2005

The information needs and preferred roles in treatment decision-making of parents caring for infants with atopic dermatitis: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Information needs and preferences in treatment decision-making of parents caring for infants with atopic dermatitis (AD) are unknown, despite emphasis on quality information-giving and involvement of health-care users in treatment decisions. OBJECTIVE: To explore information needs and decisional role-preferences of parents caring for infants with AD. METHODS: Qualitative study. Purposive sample: 31 parents caring for infants with AD. Tape-recorded focussed conversation-style interviews. Interview topic-guide literature-derived. Control Preferences Scale (5 sort-card vignettes 'very active' to 'very passive' role) adapted for use with parents; used to facilitate discussion. Thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts. RESULTS: Nine core information needs identified: AD-causation, role of diet, medication-use, medication-side-effects, exacerbating factors, new/alternative medication, nonpharmacological treatments, AD-prevention, AD and other atopic conditions. Parents desired verbal and written information. Many felt their baby's condition was not taken seriously, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. They had to be more active than they wished to obtain information/treatment. Parents preferred sharing decisions with their doctor. CONCLUSIONS: Parents caring for infants with AD have clearly defined, unmet information needs, forcing them into more active roles in the treatment decision-making process than they desire. The study-findings may inform the development of written information specifically for these parents and improve partnership during consultations.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Construction workers' perceptions of management safety practices: a qualitative investigation.

BACKGROUND AND GOALS: The purpose of this study was to identify perceptions of management safety practices from the viewpoint of union and nonunion construction workers. A complementary investigation was conducted with construction managers. METHODS: A semi-structured interview guide was used to elicit information from 64 workers (95% male) in ten focus groups. Questions were designed to elicit information about management practices that facilitate or discourage safe working conditions, including communication style, attitude, expectations, and unspoken messages. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. RESULTS: Workers identified management commitment to safety, concern for workers, congruence between spoken messages and practice, professionalism, and communication skills as key qualities in successful managers. Workers provided vivid examples of excellent and poor management strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Construction managers play a pivotal role in the definition and implementation of safety practices in the workplace and workers look to them for guidance and modeling. Given the high rates of injury in construction, deeply imbedded protective policies that rely on input from a broad range of stakeholders, including construction workers, should be developed.

Administrative Personnel↗