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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

Alterations in the prothrombin coagulation pathway due to preeclampsia.

Circulating plasma levels of human prothrombin antigen and activity were determined in normal pregnancy and in pregnancies complicated by hypertension, eclampsia, or preeclampsia. The ratio of prothrombin antigen to activity (Ag/Act) was within normal limits for all hypertensive patients. However, every untreated preeclamptic patient, as well as 2 eclamptic patients, had abnormal prothrombin antigen to activity ratios.

Antigens↗

[Perinatal mortality and morbidity for childbirths from breech presentation at Gynaecological Hospital of Jena University, between 1966 and 1976/(77) (author's transl)].

Studies were conducted at the Gynaecological Hospital of Jena University, between 1966 and 1976, into perinatal mortality and morbidity, in the context of 950 childbirths from breech presentation. Unambiguous decline in uncleared perinatal mortality was characterised by a numerical drop from 11.7. per cent in 1966/67 to 6.3 per cent in 1976/77.-Cleared perinatal mortality went down, similarly, for the same period of time, from 6.1 per cent to 2.5 per cent.-Uncleared perinatal mortality in the context of caesarean section was 0.65 per cent, while that related to vaginal delivery amounted to ten per cent. The cleared figures (after correction) were 0.54 and 5.4 per cent, the difference having been statistically secured with high significance. A decisive role was played, in that context, by the introduction of selective section as of 1975. Intranatal mortality has ever since dropped to zero, as compared to 1.9 per cent between 1966 and 1974.-Acidosis morbidity due to breech presentation was three times as high as that associated with cephalic delivery. The Apgar score was zero in 6.4 per cent of all children born by vaginal delivery. Therapeutic consequences are discussed.

Acidosis↗

Ethnic aspects of cord serum alpha 2-macroglobulin levels in Chinese, Caucasians and Ghurkas in Hong Kong.

Serum alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) levels were measured in cord sera of Chinese, Caucasian and Ghurka babies in Hong Kong by the antibody-agar radial immunodiffusion technique. The values for male babies of the three ethnic groups were 293 +/- 59, 323 +/- 79 and 303 +/- 72 mg./100 ml., respectively; those for female babies were 287 +/- 74, 315 +/- 74 and 317 +/- 7) mg./100 ml., respectively. Although a general similarity of cord serum alpha 2-M levels was evident at birth, it was noted that ethnic differences in the level of this serum protein only become apparent later in life. The value obtained for Caucasian cord serum alpha 2-M in Hong Kong was significantly lower than a published value for Caucasians elsewhere.

Adult↗

Immunogenetic factors in preeclampsia and eclampsia. Erythrocyte, histocompatibility, and Y-dependent antigens.

Determination of ABO and HL-A antigens and sex ratio of infants born to 46 women with preeclampsia or eclampsia, in comparison with normal controls, disclosed no predominant blood group, HL-A haplotype, or qualitative difference in maternal-fetal incompatibility. These results suggest that a link between immunologic mechanisms and the pathogenesis of toxemia syndromes, if present at all, must be associated with feto-placental tissue-specific antigens.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

[Alpha-fetoprotein: its significance in the monitoring of "at risk" pregnancies (author's transl)].

Having plotted a curve showing the normal values of Alpha-Foeto-protein (AFP) concentration in maternal serum and amniotic fluid, its significance in the monitoring of "at risk" pregnancies was examined and critically judged in the light of statements found in the literature. According to the results gained AFP determination in maternal serum or amniotic fluid can only be used with reservation as a monitoring test in "at risk" pregnancies. In particular in Rhesus Incompatibility it was impossible to establish the degree of foetal Haemolysis or to determine the best time for premature induction. In addition an intra-uterine death could not be predicted with certainty.

Abortion, Legal↗

[Alpha 1 fetoprotein in pre-eclamptic toxemia (author's transl)].

From 1973 to 1975, 287 serum levels of alpha 1 fetoprotein in women with pre-eclamptic toxemia were determined. Pre-eclamptic toxemia was classified according to modified scheme of Goecke and Rippmann. 161 patients had mild pre-eclamptic toxemia (index 1-3), 72 patients had moderate pre-eclamptic toxemia (index 4-6), 54 patients had severe pre-eclamptic toxemia (index 7). In all types of severity of pre-eclamptic toxemia more levels of alpha fetoprotein were lower or higher than the normal levels including the standard deviations. The number of abnormal values rose with an increasing toxemia index. There was no statistically significant difference between too high values and too low values. Significantly more values were above and also below the normal values. Our investigations appear to indicate that the determination of the alpha fetoprotein is not only valuable as screening method for neural tube defects but also of value in the diagnosis and management of pre-eclamptic toxemia. Too high and too low values should not be differentiated but values both above and below the normal levels should be considered.

Adolescent↗

Morphological and immunological evidence of coagulopathy in renal complications of pregnancy.

Renal biopsies in 14 patients with P.E.T. or eclampsia showed constant I.F. reactions for IgM and fibrin, with frequent reactions for C1q and C3. The glomeruli showed reversible mesangial proliferation and swelling, with characterictic E.M. deposits, and segmental lesions were present in seven patients. Similar I.F. reactions occurred in three other patients with clinical diagnoses of P.E.T. whose biopsies demonstrated coexistent glomerular disease. Serum complement studies showed a significant rise in C3 in the third trimester of normal pregnancies and a further significant elevation in C1q and C3 in the third trimester of a series of unselected P.E.T. patients. In contrast, four patients from the biopsy series with eclampsia or severe P.E.T. showed profound depression of serum C3 and C4, at the time of maximum clinical severity, which was shown to return to normal in two patients. The I.F. findings confirm those of Petrucco et al (6), and, with the other data, suggest that immune-complex deposition and activation of the classical complement pathway could interrect with intravascular coagulation to produce the glomerular lesions of P.E.T. and eclampsia.

Adolescent↗