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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical demonstration of S-100 protein antigen-containing cells in beryllium-induced, zirconium-induced and sarcoidosis granulomas.

S-100 protein has been detected in epidermal Langerhans cells, interdigitating reticulum cells, and large mononuclear cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Experimental data imply these cells are involved in the presentation of antigens and/or maturation of T-lymphocytes. The authors studied the morphology and distribution of S-100 protein antigen-containing cells in cutaneous sarcoidosis and metal-induced granulomas, both immunogenic and foreign-body types, with light and electron microscopic immunoperoxidase technics. Immunological reaction was seen in Langerhans cells, peripheral nerves, and granulomatous lesion dendritic cells. The latter showed a large, irregular nucleus and branching cytoplasm. They intermingled with other mononuclear cells in the granulomas but not with organized epithelioid cells. Morphometric quantification of dendritic cells in the three types of granulomas revealed statistically significant differences (P less than 0.005) and electron microscopy demonstrated their typical cytoplasmic appearance, without Birbeck granules. The increased number of dendritic cells in immunogenic granulomas, and their shared antigenic components with Langerhans cells suggest they act as accessory cells in eliciting the granulomatous response.

Beryllium↗
PubMed1992

The combined and separate action of neutron radiation and zirconium dioxide on the liver of rats.

To simulate the chronic alpha radiation of Thorotrast, the liver of female Wistar rats was exposed to fractionated neutron irradiation at 14-d intervals (0.2 Gy per fraction) over 2 y to a total dose of 10.0 Gy. Prior to the start of irradiation, one-half of the animals received 120 microL of non-radioactive Zirconotrast (ZrO2), which is comparable to Thorotrast with regard to all other physical and chemical properties. One year after beginning irradiation, the first liver tumor was detected. At the end of the life-span study, the incidence of irradiated animals with liver tumors was about 40%. In the animals treated additionally with ZrO2, the incidence, time of onset, and overall number of liver tumors was nearly equal, indicating that the fractionated neutron irradiation was the exclusive cause of tumor development. The lifelong-deposited ZrO2 colloid had no stimulating effect. Compared to earlier animal studies dealing with Thorotrast, the same histological types of benign and malignant liver tumors were found.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed2004

Carbon coated zirconium beads in beta-glucan gel and bovine glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen injections for intrinsic sphincter deficiency: continence and satisfaction after extended followup.

PURPOSE: The durability of Durasphere (Carbon Medical Technologies, Saint Paul, Minnesota), used to treat stress urinary incontinence, has not been shown beyond 12 months of followup. Women treated with Durasphere and Contigen (Bard, Inc., Covington, Georgia) at 1 institution between 1996 and 2000 were compared to determine patient satisfaction and urinary continence after extended followup. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between April 1996 and September 2000, 56 women were treated with Durasphere at this institution, of whom 43 were available for extended followup. Aged matched patients treated with Contigen were analyzed for comparison. Patient satisfaction and continence at last followup were subjectively assessed via telephone interview. Survival methods (Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model) were used to analyze time to failure as a function of treatment group and other potential predictors. RESULTS: Treatment groups (Contigen and Durasphere) were similar with respect to all baseline factors. Treatment was initially effective in 63% of Durasphere and Contigen cases (p = 1.0). At 24 and 36 months Durasphere remained effective in 33% and 21% of patients compared with 19% and 9% for Contigen, respectively. At last followup only 9 patients (21%) treated with Durasphere and 2 (5%) treated with Contigen (median followup 51 and 62 months, respectively) claimed that treatment was still effective. After controlling for differences in followup time there was no significant difference in time to failure between the treatment groups (p = 0.25). A third of patients in each group believed that treatment was a success. CONCLUSIONS: Neither Contigen nor Durasphere provides durable improvement in continence. Despite this outcome a third of patients in the 2 groups were satisfied with the treatment outcome.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed2006

Nanofiber of ultra-structured aluminum and zirconium oxide hybrid.

An internally ultrastructured Al- and Zr-oxide hybrid was developed into a nanofiber. As a precursor for the generation of nanofiber, a hybridized sol was prepared using the Pechini-type sol-gel process, whereby the Al- and Zr-metallic ions were to be efficiently distributed and stabilized within the polymeric network. The hybridized sol was subsequently electrospun and heat treated to a nanofiber with diameters of tens to hundreds of nanometers. The internal structure of the nanofiber was organized at the molecular level, with the Al- and Zr-oxide regions being interspaced at distances of less than ten nanometers. This ultrastructured Al- and Zr-oxide hybrid nanofiber is considered to be potentially applicable in numerous fields.

Aluminum Oxide↗