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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Evaluating the outcome of vocational rehabilitation.

This paper presents an analysis of studies in which vocational rehabilitation was followed up during the 1980s and early 1990s. Its purpose is to clarify the outcome of vocational rehabilitation as well as the factors predicting that outcome. In these follow-up studies the variables by which the outcome is measured are closely linked with the subjects' employment opportunities, and are basically the same as those applied in earlier follow-up studies. Because of the study designs it is difficult to make any generalizations concerning the results. Little attention has been paid to the evaluation of psychological adaptation in most of these studies. Also, follow-up studies generally have not taken into account the employment situation. Whether those who have had rehabilitation are able to find employment depends essentially on employers' policies towards the handicapped and the disabled.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Vocational rehabilitation of patients after radical surgery for stomach cancer].

The authors analyse the dynamics of the working capacity of 146 patients with stomach carcinoma according to the type of operative treatment and the character of the work. The results of vocational rehabilitation were best after Billroth I subtotal resection; by the end of a 5-year follow-up period 81.8 +/- 8.2% of the patient who had survived worked (after Billroth II resection 57.8 +/- 7.4%, p < 0.05). After gastrectomy patients resumed work at more later periods. Lethality among parsons who resumed work was independent of the type of operation and was not higher than that among patients who did not work (8.2 +/- 2.3% and 62.6 +/- 2.5%, respectively; p < 0.001). Individuals of intellectual vocations returned earlier to their work after treatment (76.5 +/- 5.9% resumed work in the first 2 years, as compared to 42.1 +/- 5.1% of persons engaged in physical work; p < 0.001). The main tendency was to change to easier conditions of work, with the exception of highly qualified and highly specialized profession. Most of the patients (99 +/- 0.7%) resumed work in the first 4 years after the end of treatment.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Disturbances of hearing and balance in students starting their vocational education. Practical diagnostic and certification guidelines].

Hearing impairment and balance disturbances limit the ability to perform certain jobs and may cause accidents at work. Bearing this in mind a need for preventive examinations of young people starting their vocational education was discussed. Main causes as well as simple diagnostic techniques which facilitate to detect hearing and balance disturbances by physicians who certify the ability of students to undertake practical vocational education and employment were presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Professionalization in the field of psychiatric vocational rehabilitation].

In this contribution the issue of professionalization is being discussed, mainly tailored to the field of vocational rehabilitation in Dutch Mental Health. Presented is an overview of existing routines frequently used in the methodical actions of industrial therapists and occupational therapists. Several important methodical suggestions for the concretization of a renewed concept of vocational rehabilitation were formulated. The last part of the contribution explores the key-question: "Professionalization?"

Deinstitutionalization↗
PubMed1996

[The importance of a medical evaluation in adolescence within the field of vocational guidance].

An investigation was carried out among the rural adolescent population in the Zadar region. The objective was to examine their health status, to gain information about occupations they wish to be trained for and to find out whether there are any medical contraindications in respect to those occupations. Using methods of vocational guidance medicine health disorders were found to be present in 30% of the examined adolescents. Of a total of 668 examinees 68 had relative and 24 absolute contraindications to the desired occupation. The commonest impairments were those of vision (39%) and the locomotor system (31%). The greatest number of contraindications was established among the examinees who wanted to become craftmen, mechanics or traffic officers. It is concluded that all adolescents with health disorders and all those wanting to be trained for specific occupations should undergo a medical examination in addition to a vocational guidance interview so that possible medical contraindications could be detected and professional advice given as to the choice of the most appropriate occupation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Analysis of directions, responses, and consequences involving persons with mental retardation in employment and vocational training settings.

Parameters of direction-relevant stimuli (i.e., directness, complexity), types of responses, and consequences occurring in competitive worksites were compared with those in community vocational training sites. Direction sequences initiated by co-workers to 8 individuals with mental retardation were compared to those initiated by school personnel to 8 special education students in community-based vocational training. Results indicated that the majority of directions in either setting were direct/noncomplex; however, more indirect commands occurred in the employment setting. The types of responses to directions were proportionately similar in both groups. Only rarely were consequences contingent upon responses or lack thereof, particularly in the employment setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Vocational and functional assessment of clients reopened for service.

Former clients (107) of the Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission were evaluated to determine the reasons for their return to the Commission a second time. Clients returned to obtain physical restoration services, employment or training such as in a vocational school or college. Clients were given a vocational interview (the Goldberg Scale) and the Tufts Programmed Functional Assessment, embracing the Barthel and PULSES Profile. Work status at follow up was significantly predicted by the Goldberg Scale and the PULSES Profile. A significant number returned to work after receiving services a second time.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The place and function of "assisted employment" in the system of vocational integration of persons with disabilities].

The Supported Employment model dealt with in the present article has been discussed since the early nineties also among the German professional public, and is increasingly coming to bear as an innovative element in the system for vocational integration of people with disabilities. In implementing a new, "integrative" orientation, it complements traditional approaches by measures in which integration is not perceived as the potentially successful outcome of a predetermined amount of rehabilitee adjustment to "normalcy"; it rather is viewed as a method focussed at initiating a process of mutual rapprochement among working world and disabled worker: disabled jobseekers are first placed in competitive employment, then receive all the supports they need to master the requirements of their job. In addition, the Supported Employment concept, by cooperation and linkage with the existing vocational rehabilitation institutions, has taken on a corrective function, which inter alia in the workshops for the disabled, has entailed renewed and invigorated awareness of the rehabilitative mandate, thus generating increased efforts toward this end.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1997

Effectiveness of light-curing units in vocational training practices. A project administered by the Research Committee of the Faculty of General Dental Practitioners (UK).

A project has been organised by the Research Committee of the Faculty of General Dental Practitioners (UK) in conjunction with vocational training advisers in which vocational dental practitioners (VDPs) tested the effectiveness of the light-curing units in their surgeries using Heliotests (Ivoclar-Vivadent) and Z100 Composite (3M). The VDPs also completed a questionnaire giving details of their light-curing units. The mean incremental depth stated as being used by the respondents was 2.6 mm; 43.5% of the participants' light-curing units (n = 63) were found to produce a depth of cure less than this figure. However, no correlation was found between reported post-operative clinical problems and cure depth lower than 2.6 mm. A negative correlation between depth of cure and age of light-curing unit was noted, with older units tending to cure the composite samples to less depth than newer units (p = 0.002). One-fifth of the participating VDPs' practices had some means of checking curing-light effectiveness. Greater awareness of the need to monitor practice light-curing units is therefore required.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1998

Vocational rehabilitation of people with traumatic brain injury.

The role of the vocational rehabilitation counselor in the rehabilitation process for individuals with TBI is explained. The specialized evaluation, team-orientation, and services involved are described. Eight areas involved in vocational evaluation are noted: social support, vocational/educational, independent living, medical, behavioral/psychosocial, financial, legal, and other areas.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed2005

Vocational and working career of asthmatic adolescents is only slightly affected.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate whether teenagers and adolescents (10-22 years) with asthma or asymptomatic bronchial hyperresponsiveness, were more likely to experience vocational or professional career limitations in the future, as compared to non-asthmatic contemporaries. METHODS: Data were used from a 14-year follow-up study in general practice, investigating the relationship between respiratory health in childhood and adolescence. At follow-up, the respiratory health status and information about career limitations were obtained. RESULTS: There were no statistical significant differences between asthmatics (n=52) and non-asthmatics (n=154) in the proportion currently employed subjects, or contract type. Most examined career limitations were infrequently reported in both groups, but seemed to occur slightly more frequent among asthmatics. Asthmatics seemed to have an increased risk for limitations in daily activities both attributable to their respiratory health (OR=2.6, 95% CI [1.0; 7.0]) and all-cause (OR=1.8, 95% CI [0.9; 3.3]), and for absence from work all-cause (OR=1.7, 95% CI [0.9; 3.3]). However, the differences were in most cases in the magnitude of only a few days per year. Neither lung function nor bronchial hyperresponsiveness did predict absence from work, or limitations in daily activities. CONCLUSION: Asthmatic young adults seem to experience somewhat more limitations in their vocational and professional careers. Nonetheless, the majority of the young asthmatics seem to be only slightly limited in their careers. In non-asthmatic young adults the presence of asymptomatic bronchial hyperresponsiveness does not seem to lead to career limitations.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

Transplant surgeon formation: vocation, incentives, between old and new surgeon generations.

The training of the transplant surgeon is one of the most difficult paths in medicine. The transplant surgeon must be trained as a general and a vascular surgeon; he has to be skilled and upgraded in transplant surgical technique; he has to decide the suitability of the donor and of the organs as well as the immunosuppressive therapy for each recipient; he must know the intensive care unit, hepatology, and nephrology. The transplant surgeon has to deal with surgical, infectious, and metabolic complications after organ transplantation. Thus, clinical formation of the transplant surgeon is multifactorial and always upgraded. However, transplants never happen in the morning; retrivals are more likely to be in the night (especially the holidays ones). "Weekend" is a word not frequently used by transplant surgeons. Moreover, when the transplant procedure happens, the normal activity of the ward and of the outpatient clinic were have to be done. The transplant surgeon must have a sort of "vocation" for such a job. Organ harvesting setting is a good proof of adaptability, always during nighttime, often in small hospitals with operating room nurses unfamiliar with the procedure, sometimes waiting for some colleagues or delaying the surgery. This vocation is enhanced by enthusiasm, but incentives are necessary to feed this love. Incentives should be professional and economic; transplant surgeons should be allowed to make clinical decisions, to choose the surgical technique of transplantation, to control the decision process. Lastly, due to the "total on call," the surgeon should profit from a right salary avoiding extramural activities.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The stability of vocational interests from early adolescence to middle adulthood: a quantitative review of longitudinal studies.

The present meta-analysis examined the stability of vocational interests from early adolescence (age 12) to middle adulthood (age 40). Stability was represented by rank-order and profile correlations. Interest stability remained unchanged during much of adolescence and increased dramatically during the college years (age 18-21.9), where it remained for the next 2 decades. Analyses of potential moderators showed that retest time interval was negatively related to interest stability and that rank-order stability was less stable than profile stability. Although cohort standings did not moderate stability, interests of the 1940s birth cohort were less stable than those of other cohorts. Furthermore, interests reflecting hands-on physical activities and self-expressive/artistic activities were more stable than scientific, social, enterprising, and clerical interests. Vocational interests showed substantial continuity over time, as evidenced by their higher longitudinal stability when compared with rank-order stability of personality traits. The findings are discussed in the context of psychosocial development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

"A coarse and clumsy tool": Helen Thompson Wooley and the Cincinnati Vocation Bureau.

From 1911 to 1921, Helen Thompson Wooley served as director of the Vocation Bureau of the Cincinnati Public Schools. In this position she designed and supervised a massive longitudinal study comparing the development of adolescents who remained in school with those who left school to go to work. Although the original goals of this study were not accomplished, the achievements of the Vocation Bureau brought national recognition to the city and to Helen Wooley. The accomplishments of the bureau reflected Wooley's view of the role of experimental psychology in contributing to the scientific understanding of adolescents and to educational and social reforms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Using problem-based learning as part of general dental practice vocational training.

The use of problem-based learning as part of a vocational training scheme for vocational dental practitioners is described and evaluated. Problem-based learning is currently viewed as an effective means of delivering medical education and has been adopted as a principal style of education by many undergraduate medical and dental schools around the world.

Education, Dental↗
PubMed1989

Vocational training. A year of opportunity.

Vocational training, a stepping stone or a wasted year? The response speaks for itself. The need was perceived for some sort of cushioning between under-graduate protection and the harsh realities of a working day in general practice. The support for the scheme from dental students was overwhelming. The worried conversations of some final year students, discussing their futures, should change dramatically. The new graduate can now face the challenges of his first steps in the real world with more confidence and security. Yet, argues Simon Lewis, vocational training offers much more than just a stepping-stone.

Education, Dental↗
PubMed1989

Vocational training. My year as a guinea pig.

In the twilight of the first year of the new Vocational Training Scheme I am reflecting on my metamorphosis from a naive dental student to vocational trainee and ultimately (hopefully) to competent clinician.

Education, Dental↗
PubMed1989

Vocational training for GDPs--orthodontic module.

An orthodontic module for the vocational training scheme has been designed specifically with the needs of trainees in mind. It has the two-fold aim of streaming patients in relation to orthodontic requirement and providing a proper understanding of the very specific nature of interceptive measures so often advocated in relation to orthodontics. Due to its relative geographic isolation, the small area of Northern Ireland is an ideal region for a pilot scheme such as this. It may well be of interest to vocational advisers and those planning orthodontic input.

General Practice, Dental↗