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Results for “User-Computer Interface”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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PubMed1991

A local area network for medical research; planning, realization and experience.

This report focuses on the planning and realization of an interdisciplinary local area network (LAN) for medical research at the University of Heidelberg. After a detailed requirements analysis, several networks were evaluated by means of a test installation, and a cost-performance analysis was carried out. At present, the LAN connects 45 (IBM-compatible) PCs, several heterogeneous mainframes (IBM, DEC and Siemens) and provides access to the public X.25 network and to wide-area networks for research (EARN, BITNET). The network supports application software that is frequently needed in medical research (word processing, statistics, graphics, literature databases and services, etc.). Compliance with existing "official" (e.g., IEEE 802.3) and "de facto" standards (e.g., PostScript) was considered to be extremely important for the selection of both hardware and software. Customized programs were developed to improve access control, user interface and on-line help. Wide acceptance of the LAN was achieved through extensive education and maintenance facilities, e.g., teaching courses, customized manuals and a hotline service. Since requirements of clinical routine differ substantially from medical research needs, two separate networks (with a gateway in between) are proposed as a solution to optimally satisfy the users' demands.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

AIDSaide.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human factors. The missing element in computer technology.

Technology is currently more difficult to learn and use than it should be. However, with more attention to human factors, technology will be easier to use in the future. For more information about human factors in computer systems, the reader is referred to two very comprehendible texts: Ben Shneiderman's (1987) Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction or Baecker and Buxton's (1987) Readings in Human-Computer Interaction: A Multidisciplinary Approach. In addition, there is an extensive body of literature on the general subject of human factors.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical molecular scanner: the Melanie project.

We developed an expert system to analyze and interpret protein maps. This system, Melanie (medical electrophoresis analysis interactive expert), can distinguish between normal and cirrhotic liver and identify various types of cancer on the basis of protein patterns in biopsy specimens. Our findings suggest that some diseases associated with toxic compounds or modifications of the human genome can be diagnosed by expert systems that analyze protein maps. The combination of protein mapping and computer analysis could result in a clinically useful "molecular scanner". The massive amount of information analyzed and stored in such studies requires new strategies, including centralized databases and image transmission over networks. Increased understanding of protein expression and regulation will enhance the importance of the human genome project in medicine and biology.

Computer Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Desktop image analysis: workstations of the future.

We report the use of an interactive graphics-oriented workstation to explore quantitative information extracted from medical images. At the University of California at Los Angeles, a Macintosh II personal computer operates as a stand-alone system and images are imported from a central PACS (picture archiving and communication system) server through an Ethernet network. The image-analysis program contains a complete set of general-purpose tools for image manipulation and processing, as well as specific tools for clinical analysis of cardiac and vascular images obtained by various techniques. Most of these features were designed to communicate information through color-coded graphic displays. Ten novice users were given a brief introduction to the program and asked to perform eight analytic tasks. The overall success rate was 95%, and the subjects considered the program easy to use without a manual or formal training. We conclude that with a well-designed graphic interface, physicians without training in the use of computers can easily learn to manipulate and analyze medical images.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1991

Information workstations in clinical pathology.

Multitasking operating systems and expanding networks now permit smooth access to remote computers, peripherals, data, and information resources. Graphic user interfaces and productivity-enhancing software packages reduce the need for training and memorization of commands. New models of desktop computers based on "data-centered" software architecture can enhance workstation usefulness even more. Pathologists need to consider how these tools might improve access to and management of information and knowledge.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1991

Design of a clinical laboratory computer system.

A clinical laboratory is a dynamic organization that suffers when constrained to a static environment. Its approach to information management must be predicated on an ability to deal comfortably with change whenever necessary. It is important to view an information system as a dynamic process rather than a static object to be used for some time and then discarded for a newer model.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1991

Computerized health service information: is it used?

The National Health Service is renowned for its underuse of computerized data. One reason is that the data held are considered to be inaccurate. Another reason is that clinicians and administrators may feel threatened and at risk if their performance is shown to be worse than that of others. Changes in political and professional attitudes, medical audit and technological advances are revolutionizing the use of computerized data.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Researcher's Workbench.

The Researcher's Workbench, developed at the University of Utah College of Nursing, is a computer toolkit for nurse researchers. Workbench includes a set of software tools, most of which are commercially available, to support each stage of the research process. The tools reside on a Macintosh II desk-top computer (Apple Computer, Cupertino, CA) that houses processors to run both Macintosh and MS-DOS (Microsoft Corporation) software. The Workbench is available to all College of Nursing faculty, research associates, and graduate students. This article describes the purpose, methods, design, and implementation of the Workbench. The article assumes familiarity with personal computer terminology.

Computers↗