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PubMed1998

Metastatic cancer presenting as TMD. A case report.

The dentist's responsibility in managing patients should include the awareness that not every pain in the face is due to a toothache or a temporomandibular disorder (TMD). This paper reviews the case of a 66-year-old patient who presented to the dental office with a chief complaint of unilateral jaw pain. The symptoms seemed consistent with TMD. Two years prior, the patient had undergone successful removal of a cancerous prostate and had remained under urologist care with a favorable prognosis. Subsequent imaging studies confirmed that the facial pain was due to multiple metastatic lesions to areas including the zygoma, infratemporal fossa, maxilla and brain. However, these metastatic lesions were not of prostate origin, but rather were from a squamous cell carcinoma originating in a primary site other than the prostate.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

Validity and reliability of the oral health-related quality of life instrument for dental hygiene.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine reliability, construct validity, and produce a concise instrument for assessing Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQL). METHOD: The OHRQL model for dental hygiene served as the theoretical basis in the development of this instrument. The survey utilized five-point Likert scale items, designed to assess the domains of symptom status, functional status, and health perceptions. The instrument was administered to 321 functionally independent older adults from six Area Agency on Aging nutrition centers and three retirement communities in the Kansas City and St. Louis areas in Missouri. Scale reliability was demonstrated by calculating the coefficient alpha for each subscale. Item analysis was subsequently conducted to provide additional supportive evidence for reliability. Construct validity was assessed using a one-way multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA to examine the effect of known subgroups. Analysis of variances (ANOVA) for groups on each subscale was conducted as a follow-up test to the MANOVA. RESULTS: Coefficient for the seven subscales ranged from 0.74 to 0.89. No significant difference was found among males and females. However, there were significant differences in patterns of subscale means (p < .05) for subgroups reporting 'good' versus 'poor' denture fit; 'presence' or 'absence' of recent toothache; 'presence' or 'absence' of loose teeth; 'presence' or 'absence' of gingival recession; 'presence' or 'absence' of dentures interfering with eating; and self-report of 'good' versus 'poor' general health. CONCLUSION: These preliminary results provided initial supportive evidence of the OHRQL's reliability and validity. Future studies are needed to confirm this preliminary conclusion.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Conservative treatment of deciduous teeth--a review].

In all countries with a lack of manpower in dentistry, there is an unfortunate tendency to leave the primary teeth without proper conservative treatment. In addition to toothaches and poor esthetics, a neglected care of the primary dentition may result in several other untoward effects. Decayed deciduous teeth may cause such a discomfort during tooth-brushing that the child is prevented from learning good oral hygiene habits. With bad primary molars the child cannot chew properly, and may have to choose soft and often cariogenic food. When the permanent teeth erupt among the decayed deciduous teeth, there will be a greater chance for them to have carious attacks as well. Premature loss of primary molars may lead to malocclusion. It must also be kept in mind that the treatment of badly decayed teeth, including necessary extractions, may be difficult. This may cause fear of dental treatment. On the basis of current Swedish philosophies of treatment the author surveys various conservative procedures for deciduous teeth-amalgam therapy, stainless steel crowns, composites and disking.

Child↗
PubMed1996

[Superstitions around teeth].

Popular beliefs in magical medicines or manneuvers to cure dental pains, have been at every time subject of curiosity and even of credulity for common people. Writers and story-tellers describe medicines and habits used to relief or get rid of toothache, in interesting and humorous tales.

History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment in XIIth c. Poland according to medical writings of Nicholas of Poland].

The authors present the person of Mikolaj of Poland, a thirteenth century doctor, connected with the Princes of Pomerania and Greater Poland, educated in France, and known from his two major writings, Antipocras (Anti-Hypocrates) and Experimenta. On the background of medieval medicine, the methods of healing he suggested appear as unusual and unconventional. He healed with amulets, mud, dung, river and sea water, frogs, moles, vipers, flies and worms. Using them, he produced powders, pills, ointments and oils which were to have outstanding healing results. They were to be used in lithiasis, skin irritations, nephritis, hepatitis, deafness, epilepsy, and toothache. Women might use them as cosmetics, too. Considering thirteenth century medicine, Mikolaj with no doubts represents medieval medical "empiry", creating an interesting alternative against official standards binding doctors of that time.

History, Medieval↗
PubMed2001

[Oral health and dental care in refugee children].

An epidemiological study was performed on caries, fluorosis and plaque in children of refugees 8, 9 and 10 years of age. Tooth brushing habits and dental attendance were evaluated with a questionnaire. Of the 87 children participating (response rate 89%), 85% showed caries experience, 17% fluorosis and 46% clearly visible plaque. Only 14% of the children had filled teeth. The number of children brushing their teeth two times a day was 42%; 58% ever visited a dentist, mostly because of toothache. Statistically significant differences exist between ethnic categories for caries prevalence, tooth brushing frequency and dental attendance. As oral health in refugee children turned out to be less favourable than in Dutch children, organised activities are recommended to fulfill the observed need of professional curative and preventive oral care.

Child↗
PubMed2000

[Orthodontic appliance made from silicone elastomer, evaluated clinically and from patient opinions after treatment for malocclusion].

Elastodontics is a new branch of orthodontics dealing with orthodontic appliances made with silicone elastomer. The appliances are simple in construction and function, easy to use, and safe. One of the simplest is the elasto-aligner used in some forms of malocclusion. The purpose of this work was: 1) to evaluate the results of treatment of malocclusion with this type of appliance in relation to age of patient and duration of treatment; 2) to gather the opinions of patients; 3) to assess the costs and duration of treatment. 70 patients were examined clinically and asked to fill in a questionnaire (Tab. 1, 3). The elasto-aligner was especially useful when applied in malocclusion after treatment with a fixed appliance. The silicone appliance is recommended for the youngest of patients and should be worn for at least 12 hours per day (Tab. 2). Adaptation to the silicone appliance was long and the most uncomfortable symptoms were toothache, excessive salivation, and dry lips in elderly patients (Fig. 1). The time needed to make the elasto-aligner was up to 20 hours and the cost of materials varied between an acrylic activator and a fixed appliance.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed2000

Sozodont powder dentifrice and Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup: dental nostrums.

The Great Patent Medicine Era (1865-1907) was the golden age of secret remedies--quack, non-prescription medicinal products, sold over-the-counter. Making outrageous and unsubstantiated claims, the makers of dental nostrums purported to effectively treat stained teeth, bad breath, diseased gums, toothache and teething discomfort. No proof was required to substantiate the safety and effectiveness of these concoctions. Advertisements for patent medicines were widespread, appearing in newspapers, almanacs, magazines, trade cards and multiple other media forms. Many dental patent medicines contained acids, abrasive substances, alcohol and/or narcotics, such as heroin, cocaine and morphine. Sozodont Tooth Powder, the most widely promoted and successful dentifrice of this era, claimed to "harden and invigorate the gums, purify and perfume the breath and beautify and preserve the teeth from youth to old age." Early dental researchers found that this remedy contained harsh ingredients (such as acid, sharp abrasives and astringents) which could destroy tooth substance. Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup, an extremely popular dental nostrum, was intended to quiet a fretful child during the teething process. However, it contained generous levels of alcohol and morphine sulfate which could cause coma, addiction or death in an infant. Although somewhat chemically altered, these two products were eventually removed from the market in the 1930s.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed2002

W. D. Miller. The pioneer who laid the foundation for modern dental research.

Toothache has been the most ubiquitous ailment to plague mankind from time immemorial. Until the late 1700s, it was thought that the cause of this torment was the wriggling, in a carious tooth, of a worm. And early attempts at treatment were focused on driving the "worm" out. It was one of the world's greatest scientists, the dentist W. D. Miller, who, after extensive research, in 1891 published his epochal work, The Microorganisms of the Human Mouth, which set forth a new theory regarding the cause of dental caries. His postulating a "chemico-parasitic" origin of caries laid the basis for all the modern research in dentistry aimed at wiping this scourge out. Contemporary research has proven the worth of Miller's groundbreaking theory.

Bacteriology↗
PubMed2001

[The efficacy of the chlorhexidine chip following scaling and root planing (SRP) and compared to SRP alone].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the adjunctive use of Chlorhexidine Chip (CHX; commercial name, Perio Chip) following scaling and root planing (SRP) in periodontitis. METHODS: One center, blinded, randomized, split-mouth and active control study was designed. Sixty-five adult periodontitis patients were enrolled into the baseline after SRP. Each subject had at least one tooth with pocket depth of 5 mm or more and bleeding on probing (BOP) in each side of the mouth. Then the tooth was selected as a target and its parameters of probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), BOP, gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI) and staining index (SI) were recorded. Each side of mouth was randomly assigned to one of two treatments--drug placement after SRP or SRP alone. All the adverse events and parameters were recorded at time of 3-month, 6-month and meanwhile the patients received oral hygiene instruction and scaling. The same was conducted at 6-week, 4.5-month except for recording of parameters and scaling of the target teeth. RESULTS: Reduction of PD and gain of attachment at 6-month in group of SRP plus CHX (1.32 mm, 0.94 mm) were significantly higher than those in group of SRP alone (0.77 mm, 0.40 mm) (P < 0.001). Forty-four point six percent (44.6%) of patients reflected adverse reactions related to drug placement. Toothaches, the main reactions, were mild to moderate in nature and spontaneously resolved within 2-4 days. CONCLUSIONS: The chlorhexidine chip is indeed a safe and effective control-delivered drug for topical use when patient in his supportive periodontal therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Physiological incidents during 39 years of hypobaric chamber training in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Hypobaric chamber training for military aircrew is very important for flight safety. Since we began hypobaric training in our laboratory in 1960, some trainees have suffered physiological incidents. This study will characterize the physiological incidents during hypobaric chamber training at the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). METHODS: All available training records from 1960-1998 were reviewed and the frequency of physiological incidents counted and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 29,677 trainees and 58,454 exposures. Overall frequency of physiological incidents was 6.3%. Physiological incidents included ear pain, paranasal sinus pain, abdominal pain, hypoxia, hyperventilation, joint pain, and toothache. Decompression sickness (DCS-I, simple joint pain only) was rare. In cases of DCS-I, joint pain was easily relieved with controlled descent. During the last three decades, overall prevalence of physiological incidents has gradually increased from 5.3 to approximately 6.1% before 1991, to 6.8-9.9% after 1991. However, prevalence rate showed no change through out the period when ear pain was factored out. The increase in prevalence was entirely due to an increased frequency of ear pain: 3.6 to approximately 4.6% before 1991, and 5.4 to approximately 7.2% after 1991. CONCLUSIONS: DCS has not been a problem in the JASDF hypobaric chamber training experience. The majority of physiological incidents during hypobaric chamber training in JASDF have been ear pain, a minor but frequent obstacle to hypobaric training. The exact cause of the observed increase in frequency of Eustachian tube dysfunction currently remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A dental-anthropological study of health and illness behaviour among Orang Asli of the Semai Tribe: the perspective of traditional healers.

This observational study investigates and describes the oral health beliefs and illness behaviour in the Semai tribe of Orang Asli community. Data was obtained from a "Key informant interview" method i.e. the village Tok Halaq (Traditional healer). Information about common oral diseases and conditions were illustrated with enlarged pictures of dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer and cleft. The most common oral problem was toothache. This is treated by self-medication. However if the pain still persist, the Tok Halaq was consulted to start traditional methods. He will identify the cause. If "germs" were thought to be the cause, he will ask the person to see a doctor. Otherwise, he attempts traditional treatment. If the effort failed after a few days, the person will be advised to see a doctor. It appears that the Tok Halaq plays an influential role in prevention, promotion and the healing process in this community. Hence any effort to promote oral health and prevent oral disease must seek their cooperation. Their beliefs on causes of common oral diseases are described in the text.

Anthropology, Cultural↗
PubMed1998

[Studies on chemical constituents from the root of Coriaria nepalensis wall (Coriaria sinica Maxim)].

The root of Coriaria nepalensis Wall (Coriaria sinica Maxim) is a Chinese herbal medicine and has been used to treat numbness, toothache due to wind and heat, phlegm-retention syndrome, traumatic injury and acute conjunctivitis. Nine compounds were isolated from the root of Coriaria nepalensis Wall and they were identified as braylin (I), norbraylin (II), dihydrocoriamyrtin (III), coriamyrtin (IV), tutin (V), coriatin (VI), apotutin (VII), hydroxycoriatin (VIII) and gallic acid (IX) on the basis of their physicochemical properties and IR, UV, MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR data. I, II were isolated from the title plant for the first time; III was obtained from plant origin for the first time, and VII, VIII were new compounds.

Lactones↗
PubMed1998

[Isolation and structure of 6'-O-caffeylerigeroside from Erigeron multiradiatus].

The plant, Erigeron multiradiatus (Wall.) Benth(Family: Compositae), is a perennial herb distributed abundantly in the mountainous area of the southwestern part in China. It is used in folk medicine for the treatment of common cold, panting cough, rheumatic, enteritis and toothache. In this paper, we report a new glycoside named as 6'-O-caffeylerigeroside isolated from Erigeron Multiradiatus (Family: Compositae) together with four known compounds. The known compounds were identified as pyromeconic acid(I), scopoletin(II), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(III) and vanillic acid(IV). The structure of 6'-O-caffeylerigeroside was elucidated as gamma-pyrone-3-O-[6"-(3',4'-dihydroxy-cinnamoyl)]-beta-D-glucoside(V) on the basis of chemical evidence and spectral data.

Asteraceae↗
PubMed2002

[Aggression in the dental office].

In this study on aggression in the dental practice, 8 dentists and 1 dental nurse who had experienced aggression in their dental practice, were interviewed and filled out a questionnaire. They had responded to a call in 2 Dutch dental journals or were contacted through personal communication. The interviews show that aggression in particular can be expected in patients having not paid their expense account, non compliant patients, or in patients who often come too late or even do not show up at their appointments. Aggression also can appear when patients with toothache are told they cannot be helped immediately. Aggression seems predominantly connected to people under influence of alcohol or drugs, psychiatric patients and people having contacts in criminal circuits. Although the incidence seems relatively low, the occurrence of aggression always has a great impact on the dental team. Therefore it seems useful to study how dentists and their auxiliaries could act to prevent aggression.

Aggression↗
PubMed2003

Malignant haemangio endothelioma (angiosarcoma) concomitant presentation in the mandible and occiput--a case report.

A case of angiosarcoma presenting simultaneously in the mandible and occiput is presented. The mandibular swelling was preceded by toothache for which the patient had tooth extraction, after which the rate of growth increased tremendously. It was not possible to determine without doubt which lesion presented first. The need to evaluate and investigate all cases of jaw swelling that require tooth extraction is emphasised. Angiosarcoma being a haemorrhagic lesion could be complicated life threatening haemorrhage, if a tooth related to it is extracted, as was experienced on incisional biopsy of this lesion. The procedure was accompanied by torrential bleeding which was only controlled after external carotid artery ligation. This, to our knowledge, is the first reported case of angiosarcoma occurring simultaneously in the mandible and occipital bones.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[A study on the influence of daily life habits on people's health symptoms].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to understand the relation between daily life habits and subjective symptoms and to gather basic data about improvement of the quality of life and its influence on a person's health. METHOD: The subjects were middle-aged (including all residents, males and female, all between the ages of 20 and 59. n = 2,520) in an agricultural village near a large urban center on the main island of Japan. A total of 1,834 villagers who responded to the survey in 1995 could be followed until 1998. The contents of the questionnaire covered age, sex, past history, daily life habits, mental condition, and activities of daily living. Using the method chi 2 verification and multiplex logistic analysis the village residents daily life habits their relation with subjective symptoms after 3 years were investigated. RESULTS: According to the analysis focusing on factors which had effects on subjective symptoms, the odds ratio were as follow: people who often skip breakfast-shortness of breath: 3.37 people who often eat between meals-toothache: 2.06 smokers-headache: 0.39, nausea: 18.89, urination problem: 0.03 people with insufficient sleep-eye fatigue: 1.76, diarrhea: 4.07 people with a BMI value less then 18.5-dizziness: 1.82 The results showed a significant relationship between people's daily life habits and their health condition. (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, we can clearly see the tendency to minimize the subjective symptoms by desirable daily habits and that there is a possibility to prevent some of the through even slight improvement of habits. The study also indicates that it is necessary to stimulation a more diverse life style to maintain good health.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2003

Possible illnesses: assessing the health impacts of the Chad Pipeline Project.

Health impact assessments associated with large-scale infrastructure projects, such as the Chad-Cameroon Petroleum Development and Pipeline Project, monitor pre-existing conditions and new diseases associated with particular industries or changes in social organization. This paper suggests that illness self-reports constitute a complementary set of benchmarks to measure the health impacts of these projects, and presents data gathered in ongoing household and health service surveys in Ngalaba, a village near a major oilfield in Chad. In an initial 16-week period of weekly data collection, 363 people reported few of the clinically chronic or asymptomatic conditions expected according to health transition theory, and the overall level of illness reporting was low. Illnesses often were described by symptoms or lay diagnoses. Health care practitioners were consulted rarely; when they were, resources for diagnosis and treatment were limited. Clinically acute, short-duration illnesses (e.g. parasitic infections, toothaches, or hernias) were experienced as chronic conditions and were reported week after week. The low levels of illness reporting and lack of clinically chronic conditions are not taken to mean that rural Chadians are healthy. Rather, the patterns of morbidity reflect a particular local ecology in which health services are organized and care dispensed in ways that limit the possibilities for illness in terms of types of illnesses that can be diagnosed and reported, forms illnesses take, and ways in which illnesses are experienced. Illness self-reports are useful adjuncts to "harder" biological measures in HIAs, particularly in the context of large-scale infrastructure projects with explicit development goals. Rather than providing data on the extent to which harm has been mitigated by corporate, state, and donor activities, self-reports show the possibilities of illness in local contexts.

Cameroon↗