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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Osteoid osteoma of the talus.

The talus is a rare site of predilection for osteoid osteoma. This tumor, in its juxta-articular position, presents particular clinical and pathological features. Three cases of subperiosteal osteoid osteoma are discussed in patients aged 15, 17 and 25 years. In diagnosis, a basic role is played by awareness of the disease, which must lead to the use of bone scan, indicating the site of the pathological lesion, which may be difficult to determine because of subtle radiographic modifications, and particularly because of long-term changes in the symptoms. Radiographic examination (standard x-rays, enlarged x-rays), often characterises and reinforces what is diagnostically suspected. CAT clearly shows the features and type of osteoid osteoma in relation to the adjacent structures. Sequential angioscintigraphy, based on the captation curve of the radionuclide, may suggest the nature of the lesion, subsequently confirmed by the macroscopic picture and histological examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Biological osteosynthesis in osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Osteochondral lesions of the dome of the talus whether medial or lateral are rare. Surgical treatment is required when there is a loose body, or when the lesion is symptomatic and resistant to nonsurgical treatment. Usually, the degenerated fragment is removed, followed by curettage and multiple perforations of the subchondral bed, but different methods may be used to reinsert the osteocartilaginous fragment. Having been satisfied with our first studies conducted both on animals and man, we began to reinsert the osteochondral fragment by using resorbable means of synthesis. The purpose of this study is to report our experiences with 3 such cases at a minimum follow-up of one year.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Osteochondrosis dissecans of the talus. Results of a follow-up study].

26 of 38 surgically treated patients with Osteochondrosis dissecans of the talus underwent a follow-up-examination 4 years and 7 months in average after surgical treatment. Mechanical reasons seem to be one of the most common etiological factors. Sport activities with sprained ankles or recurrent micro-trauma of the ankle joint could be found as one of the most anamnestic answers. Most of the operatively treated patients showed a good postoperative result (congruent to 70%). The success of operation seems to be more dependent on the age of the patient than on the stage. Although signs of osteochondrosis could be seen long time postoperatively this disease leads to an osteoarthrosis only in a few cases and this seems to be more dependent on the age of the patient than on the stage. Because there is no randomised and prospective study comparing operative and non-operative treatment no exact stage dependent recommendation can be given whether the treatment should be done conservatively or surgically.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Total dislocation of the talus.

A 24-year-old male Caucasian gymnast suffered from a total anterolateral dislocation of the talus during a training session. The injury was treated conservatively. The functional result was good 26 months after the trauma, although the athlete was not training any more. Isolated total talar dislocation is a rare injury, and only 73 cases have been so far described. A literature survey concerning mechanism of injury, diagnosis, treatment, and possible complications is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Osteochondral lesions of the talus].

Osteochondral lesions occur either as osteochondral fractures (so called flake fractures) or osteochondritis dissecans. Both types of lesions are caused in the most of the cases by an adequate trauma. The injury is sustained during inversion of the ankle. If the foot is dorsiflexed, an anterolateral lesion will result from shearing forces by the fibula. If the inversed foot is plantar flexed and followed by rotation of the tibia on the talus, a postero-medial lesion will result from compression of the medial talar dome by the tibia, secondary to spiralling and shortening of the collateral ligaments. The diagnosis is suspected with the most common complaints of the patients to pain on weight bearing or during sports, swelling, crepitus, giving way or locking ankle after an inversion injury. In case of negative standard X-rays and doubtful clinical findings tomograms in the AP and lateral views or even a scintigraphy of both ankles ar indicated. 15 patients with osteochondral lesions were treated, 7 with an antero-lateral transchondral fracture and 8 with a poster-medial osteochondritis dissecans. The lesions were classified after Berndt and Harty and differentiated between type I-IV. 13 patients have been operated, 4 by arthroscopy. The mean follow-up time of the clinical and radiographic examination was 1 year. The results were evaluated by a point score system. 7 patients (46.6%) had good, 5 (33.3%) a fair and 3 (20%) a poor result.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The treatment of complex fractures of the talus.

The treatment of complex talar injuries entails an intricate knowledge of the anatomy and blood supply to the talus. The approach used should not violate any vascular structure, and the fixation used should be biomechanically stable to allow fracture healing. The three classes of talar fractures are discussed as well as avascular necrosis, talar salvage problems, and talar body fractures.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed1985

[Complications following talus trauma].

The injuries of the talus are rare. In this retrospective study, complications of 359 talar lesions are studied. Secondary displacement occurred in 8%. Bone infection remained low in spite of frequent primary skin injury (20%). Bone fusion was slow but no case of non-union could be found. Avascular necrosis of the body or of the trochlea occurred in 33% but could be partially prevented by accurate reduction of the fractured bone. Osteoarthritis occurred in 33%.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral ridge of the talus in a dog.

Osteochondral fragments, which originated from the proximolateral ridge of the talus, were discovered in an 8-month-old Rottweiler. A large fragment was reattached, using a lag screw and wire. Microscopic examination of a small fragment suggested the lesion resulted from osteochondritis dissecans. Stabilization of the major fragment resulted in acceptable joint function.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Fractures of the neck of the talus and the Blair fusion: a review of the literature and case report.

Historically, fractures of the neck of the talus have been serious injuries with sometimes devastating results. Several mechanisms have been reviewed to explain the types of injuries most commonly seen. Hawkin's classification of the types of talar neck fractures has been explained and used as a guideline in a review of treatment and results of talar neck fractures. Hawkin's group I fractures generally require only immobilization and are frequently without serious sequelae. Hawkin's group II fractures are more serious injuries, which may frequently be treated with closed reduction. Open reduction is occasionally necessary. Hawkin's group III fractures have the most potentially devastating results. These generally require open reduction with internal fixation or occasionally primary salvage procedures. Secondary salvage procedures are also sometimes necessary. Avascular necrosis of the talar body is reviewed in detail, including correlation with the type of fracture as well as diagnostic techniques and treatment. Other complications, including soft-tissue damage, osteomyelitis, malunion, and posttraumatic arthrosis, are discussed. The Blair tibiotalar arthrodiesis is reviewed in detail, with the consideration that it may be used as a primary or secondary salvage procedure with good results. Finally, a case in which the Blair fusion was used successfully is reported with 1-year follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medial osteochondritis of the talus in children: review and new surgical management.

Review of the management of medial osteochondritis of the talus in the young patient has revealed the poor results of casting and the equivocal results of past surgical options. A new surgical technique of bone grafting is described. The results in six patients treated with bone grafting are compared with the results in 10 patients treated by excision. Because of the more favorable results following bone grafting, we recommend it as primary treatment of this condition in children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Osteochondritis dissecans of the dome of the talus. Computed tomography scanning in diagnosis and follow-up.

From 1977 through 1985, thirty-two patients were treated for osteochondritis dissecans of the dome of the talus. The diagnosis was established in two-thirds of the patients using ordinary roentgenograms, but it was established in all of them using computed tomography scans. After a mean length of follow-up of about five years, the results of surgical treatment were significantly better than those of conservative treatment. For twenty patients, computed tomography scans were superior to roentgenograms in showing healing of the lesion. We concluded that computed tomography is useful not only for diagnosis--that is, in determining the extent and precise location of the lesion--but also for follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Limping child--osteochondritis dissecans of the talus. A case report.

A case of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus in a young child is reported. It is an uncommon condition in this age group and easily may be overlooked due to lack of pathognomonic symptoms and signs. When no other cause is obvious, the condition should be considered in cases of children who limp.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1978

[Talus neck fractures associated to subtalar dislocations (author's transl)].

The survey literary data on the mechanism, symptoms and treatment of vertical talus neck fractures associated to subtalar dislocations, they present five cases in their practice. Reducement of the fracture dislocation, fixation by Kirschner wire was accomplished and a plaster cast was applied, for twelve weeks as an average. Avascular necrosis of the bone did not occur. The authors lay emphasis on the importance of early careful reducement and immobilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Dislocations of the talus (author's transl)].

Authors analysing 31 case histories of talus fractures and following the results in 22 cases over a period of 3--12 years support the general view, that the healing of such injuries is satisfactory but partial or even total necrosis may occur. They emphasize the importance of X-ray investigation and occasional phlebography in order to clear up the state of circulation in the bone. Weight bearing should be decided in accordance with these examinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus.

In a study of twenty-four patients (twenty-four ankles) with a symptomatic osteochondral lesion of the talus, eighteen of the lesions were found to be associated with trauma. The lesions were evaluated both radiographically and by arthroscopy. The method of treatment was determined at arthroscopy by observing the nature of the articular cartilage overlying the lesion. The cartilage was graded from I to III based on its appearance. It was found that a lesion can progress from grade I to grade III while under observation. There was a lack of correlation between the radiographic appearance and the findings at arthroscopy. The results after an average length of follow-up of thirty months (range, twenty to forty-four months) indicated that osteochondral lesions over which the cartilage is intact (grade I) are best treated by simple restriction of sports activities. Lesions in which the overlying cartilage is soft (grade II) can be treated through the arthroscope by drilling and those in which the overlying cartilage is frayed (grade III) can be treated through the arthroscope by curettage, with minimum morbidity and good results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Unicameral bone cyst of the talus.

Unicameral bone cysts are rarely observed in the foot. A histologically proven unicameral bone cyst occurred in the talus of a three-year-old boy. Six additional cases in the world literature are cited to illustrate the therapeutic and diagnostic problems encountered with this lesion.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1985

Free chondral fragment involving the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus in a dog.

A saucer-shaped defect involving the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus and a radiopaque joint fragment were evident on radiographs of the left tarsus in a 6-month-old Rottweiler. Surgical treatment involved removal of the joint fragment and debridement of the defect. Histologic interpretation of the specimen was a chondral fragment. It is important to realize the possibility of a lesion in the location described, as this may be an additional site for osteochondrosis dissecans of the canine tarsus.

Animals↗