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Results for “Sexual Development”

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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Neuronal death in the developing sexually dimorphic periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area in the female rat: effect of neonatal androgen treatment.

Neonatal treatment of female rats with androgen decreases the nuclear volume of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area (AVPv-POA). In order to examine the effect of androgen on the neural substrates in the developing AVPv-POA which show a sexual dimorphism in nuclear volume, the cell death pattern in the AVPv-POA was compared between normal females and androgenized females. Wistar female rats were treated with 50 micrograms of testosterone propionate (TP) for 5 days from the day of birth. Degenerating cells (pyenotic cells) and normal cells were counted in every third section from days 1 to 13 of life. The rate of pycnotic cells to 1000 cells in TP-treated females sacrificed at days 7 and 10 was significantly higher than that in normal females. These results may suggest that neonatal androgen regulates neuronal death in the AVPv-POA, decreasing the number of neurons in the nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Sexual development in malarial parasites: gametocyte production, fertility and infectivity to the mosquito vector.

Using cloned lines of Plasmodium berghei producing mixed asexual and sexual (clone 234L) and purely asexual (clone 233L) parasitaemias, the courses of parasitaemia, gametocytogenesis, exflagellation, ookinete production in vitro and mosquito infectivity have been followed. For clone 234L mosquito infectivity is maximal at day 3 and has ceased by day 6 post-infection. Conversely, gametocytogenesis, exflagellation and ookinete production are at minimal levels at day 3 and rise to peaks between days 10 and 15 of infection (in TO mice infected with blood at mechanical blood passage 3). Sexual potential declines progressively with sustained mechanical passage (up to P14). Gametocyte conversion is highest early in infection and declines exponentially; however, upon each mechanical passage conversion is again raised but decreases more rapidly with succeeding passages. For practical mosquito transmission in the laboratory we consider P8 to be the useful limit for mechanical transmission for this parasite clone. Asexual parasite growth (virulence) is more rapid with increased mechanical passage inducing a rapid fall in haematocrit. By P14 the course of infection closely parallels that of the purely asexual clone 233L.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Psychosexual development and sexual education].

The bio-environmental influence on the sexual development and ripeness includes to the morality as the essential element of the behavioral expression. There are few studies directed to the interface between the healthy sexual development and the early intervention destined for the child-youth sexual risky behaviors. A suitable development sociomoral waits that every individual genuine participant and healthily in his sexuality to share it with another human being, without moving away from his expression. Some behavioral differences between the genders are described; goals of development; importance of assigning sexual education to the child-youth population, its vectors and preventive recommendations in domestic and/or school ambiences, directed to the personnel of health, as the avoidance of not wished pregnancy, the prevention of STD and other behaviors of risk. It is invited to the revaluation of the welfare services; supervision of programs, familiar participation; increase of the education in means of information, with personal and social responsibility. Such a consolidation requires from the health personnel the fulfillment of the educational-preventive recommendations of the professional performance to the advantage of a responsible practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Peripuberal sexual development of Pantaneiro stallions.

Pantaneiro horses are a breed native to flood plains of Brazil, where they thrive with little human interference. The aims of this study were to characterize age-associated changes in testicular size, serum testosterone and sexual behavior and to determine age at puberty as well as to evaluate daily sperm production in the Pantaneiro stallion. After weaning the males were kept in bachelor groups away from the females, in a separated area in the natural environment of flood plains. Infantile period ended at approximately 14.4 m.o. of age. Sexual interest and breeding capability first appeared between the ages of 15.6 to 27.5 m.o. The transition from prepuberal to postpuberal histological stage, occurred at approximately 27.8 m.o. of age. All animals were in the postpuberal period at 38.5 m.o. of age. Daily sperm production estimated with testicle homogenate, at 38.5 m.o. of age was low (1.4603 +/- 0.48 x 10(9) sperm) and serum testosterone levels were similar to adult levels by 27.8 m.o. In conclusion the 2 y old Pantaneiro stallions showed full sexual behavior and had adult testosterone levels, but at this age, the stage of development of the seminiferous epithelium was variable and the efficiency of sperm production was still low.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunogenetic characteristics of nuclear families of adolescents with delayed sexual development].

The paper submits data on the antigenic composition of HLA system in members of nuclear families of adolescent boys presenting with the delay in sexual maturation. Positive and negative associations of particular antigens with sexual underdevelopment are stated. Estimated in the families was the highest incidence rate of gaplotypes A 28-B 40, A 28-B 8, A 1-B 40, and A 3-B 40. The authors come out with a suggestion that it might be possible to use the identified antigens in prognostication of delayed puberty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Possibilities of surgical treatment of lesions of the organs of the reproductive system and disorders of sexual development].

The authors describe the data on clinico-laboratory and instrumental examinations and surgical treatment of about 5,000 children with different reproductive organ injuries including complex patterns of abnormal sexual differentiation. The designed diagnostic programs made it possible to distribute patients into groups and according to the disease entities in conformity with the classification suggested. It is emphasized that in the developing science concerned with sex, it is necessary to distinguish an area pertaining to childhood, namely pediatric andrology, and to delineate its subject matter and tasks. Skilled assistance can be rendered by a specialized center. A broad spectrum of improved masculinizing (including the design of an artificial phallus) and feminizing (including the design of an artificial vagina from the rectosigmoid segment of the colon) is provided. The catamnestic data are evaluated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Differential regulation of estrogen-dependent sexual development of rat brain by growth factors.

Intraventricular infusion of antiserum to nerve growth factor (ANGF), but not that to insulin, epidermal growth factor nor normal rabbit serum, resisted estrogen-induced behavioral defeminization in the female rat neonates. A significant number of the ANGF-treated rats showed lordosis as adults despite neonatal estrogen, but positive feedback of estrogen on serum luteinizing hormone was absent. Sexual phenotype in behavioral and gonadotropic functions may be under differential development regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Leptin levels and body fatness in children: effects of gender, ethnicity, and sexual development.

Leptin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, is elevated in blood of obese adults. It is unknown whether the concentration is affected by gender, ethnicity, age, or stage of sexual maturation in children. We measured serum leptin levels in 183 children and 27 young adults using a double-antibody ELISA assay. Body fat mass (FM) and percent body fatness (%Fat) were determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Correlations for serum leptin with FM, %Fat, and a body mass index were examined. Analyses of covariance were used to determine the effects of gender, ethnicity, and sexual maturation (Tanner stage). We found strong positive correlations (r = 0.56-0.88, p < 0.001) for serum leptin with body mass index. %Fat, and FM, which were gender-dependent (p < 0.001), but unaffected by ethnicity. At each Tanner stage, female subjects had higher serum leptin than male subjects (p < 0.001), and this difference remained significant (p < 0.001) when leptin was normalized for FM. For each gender, the mean leptin/FM ratios were relatively invariant during sexual maturation and no differences were observed between the oldest children (Tanner stage 5) and the young adults. The observation that female subjects have higher mean serum leptin and leptin/FM levels than male subjects at prepubertal ages may suggest that there are gender differences in leptin synthesis, clearance rates, bioactivity, and/or leptin transport.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2001

An STE12 homolog from the asexual, dimorphic fungus Penicillium marneffei complements the defect in sexual development of an Aspergillus nidulans steA mutant.

Penicillium marneffei is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans and the only dimorphic species identified in its genus. At 25 degrees P. marneffei exhibits true filamentous growth, while at 37 degrees P. marneffei undergoes a dimorphic transition to produce uninucleate yeast cells that divide by fission. Members of the STE12 family of regulators are involved in controlling mating and yeast-hyphal transitions in a number of fungi. We have cloned a homolog of the S. cerevisiae STE12 gene from P. marneffei, stlA, which is highly conserved. The stlA gene, along with the A. nidulans steA and Cryptococcus neoformans STE12alpha genes, form a distinct subclass of STE12 homologs that have a C2H2 zinc-finger motif in addition to the homeobox domain that defines STE12 genes. To examine the function of stlA in P. marneffei, we isolated a number of mutants in the P. marneffei-type strain and, in combination with selectable markers, developed a highly efficient DNA-mediated transformation procedure and gene deletion strategy. Deletion of the stlA gene had no detectable effect on vegetative growth, asexual development, or dimorphic switching in P. marneffei. Despite the lack of a detectable function, the P. marneffei stlA gene complemented the sexual defect of an A. nidulans steA mutant. In addition, substitution rate estimates indicate that there is a significant bias against nonsynonymous substitutions. These data suggest that P. marneffei may have a previously unidentified cryptic sexual cycle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗