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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Comparative efficacy of standard AGID, CCIE and competitive ELISA for detecting bluetongue virus antibodies in indigenous breeds of sheep and goats in Rajasthan, India.

The sero-prevalence of antibodies against blue tongue virus (BTV) in 408 local breeds of sheep in Rajasthan state in India was investigated using standard agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. Maximum seropositivities of 11.3% (13/115), 10.7% (13/121), 7.1% (11/155) and 5.9% (1/17) were recorded in the Chokla, Magra, Nali and Pugal breeds, respectively. Out of 107 goat serum samples, 6 (5.6%) were AGID positive. The performance of the standard AGID, counter current immuno-electrophoresis (CCIE) and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the detection of serum antibody against BTV in indigenous breeds of sheep were compared. Out of 178 sheep serum samples tested, 17 (9.5%), 22 (12.3%) and 54 (30.3%) were positive for group-specific bluetongue antibodies by AGID, CCIE and cELISA, respectively. There was appreciable difference in the seroprevalence detected by AGID, CCIE and cELISA in clinically healthy and diseased sheep with regard to relative sensitivities and specificities of the tests with cELISA being highly sensitive and specific followed by CCIE and AGID test. It was concluded that these indigenous breeds of sheep may be a potential reservoir of BTV infection and cELISA should be routinely used for the detection of antibodies against BTV in these local breeds of sheep.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia.

Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia has attracted considerable research and development attention. Increased labour costs, the reduced efficacy of common anthelmintics and insecticides, consumer demand for products which are free of chemicals and the poor prognosis of alternative long-term control strategies are all forcing sheep breeders to contemplate the best animal health options available, including selective breeding for resistance. The three major diseases which affect sheep production include gastrointestinal nematode parasites, flystrike (cutaneous myiasis) and footrot. Genetic improvement has been shown to be feasible in all these diseases, possibly with little adverse effect on genetic progress in other production traits. Programmes for resistance to internal parasites to be included in practical breeding programmes are now in progress. This paper deals with the incentives for focusing on the three major diseases in Merino sheep, the potential sources of genetic variation, and the means to exploit these sources of variation. The authors also highlight gains and benefits achieved in experimental selection flocks, and the difficulties and options available for commercial breeders.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in bighorn sheep and a Rocky Mountain goat in Colorado.

Between May, 1972 and February, 1978, six cases of paratuberculosis (Johne's Disease) caused by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis were diagnosed in free-ranging Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) and one Rocky Mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) on or near Mt. Evans in Colorado. Diagnosis of paratuberculosis was based on gross and histopathologic examination of the animals and by isolation of M. paratuberculosis from three sheep and the goat. The clinical signs and pathologic changes seen in the bighorn sheep resembled those described in cattle, while the lesions in the goat were similar to those described for domestic sheep and goats.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Neuronal accumulation of abnormal prion protein in sheep carrying a scrapie-resistant genotype (PrPARR/ARR).

The susceptibility of sheep to scrapie infection is influenced by prion gene alleles, which are modulated by polymorphic variations corresponding to amino acid positions 136, 154 and 173 of the prion protein (PrP). As no unquestioned report of a diseased sheep carrying homozygous alleles encoding alanine, arginine and arginine (PrPARR) at these sites has been published to date, sheep of this genotype are believed to be scrapie resistant. After the introduction of large-scale rapid testing for scrapie, a number of so-called 'atypical' scrapie cases have been found in Germany and elsewhere. Among those cases were two supposedly scrapie-resistant sheep. Brain samples from these animals tested positive for abnormal PrP (PrPSc) in one of four rapid tests available. Moreover, scrapie-associated fibril (SAF)-immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry, which are the generally accepted diagnostic techniques for scrapie, revealed prominent PrPSc deposition in the cerebellum. SAF immunoblotting also revealed PrPSc deposition in the obex, frontal cortex and brainstem. Transmission experiments to investigate the infectivity of scrapie propagated from these sheep have been initiated.

Alanine↗
PubMed1981

Recurrence of antiglomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis in sheep renal allografts.

Renal autografts and allografts were placed in the necks of nephrectomized sheep. Some of the sheep which received allografts had been previously injected with human glomerular basement membrane to induce an autoimmune antiglomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis. All previously diseased and normal recipient animals were treated wtih azathioprine and prednisone from the day before transplantation. The autografts and immunosuppressed allografts in normal recipients functioned similarly for the first 6 d, but subsequently the allografts deteriorated. Allografts in untreated recipients functioned for less than 3 d. Most (90%) of the allografts in previously diseased sheep developed heavy proteinuria and haematuria immediately after transplantation and their renal function remained low. These grafts showed severe glomerular lesions by the third day, and by 8 d more than 50% of the glomeruli contained crescents. At corresponding intervals the glomeruli of autografts and allografts in normal recipients showed only minor changes. These results demonstrate that antiglomerular basement antibodies circulating in the host at the time of transplantation are a significant threat to the survival of renal allografts.

Animals↗