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Results for “RIB FRACTURES”

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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The treatment of pneumothorax and hemothorax in multiple rib fractures and associated trauma].

The results of treatment of 480 sufferers with multiple costal fractures and associated trauma to the chest were analysed. Resulting from trauma, 55 (25.5%) patients developed pneumothorax, 71 (32.8%)--hemothorax, 90 (41.7%)--hemopneumothorax. Treatment of pneumo- and hemothorax in most cases was conservative (puncture of the pleural cavity was usually performed, rarely--its drainage). In 47 sufferers with associated trauma who were at a forced position (lying on their back), the aimed catheterization of the pleural cavity by means of the trocar stilette curved under the angle of 60 degrees was used. For the treatment of clotted hemothorax, the streptokinase was used with a positive effect noted in 6 of 7 patients. Indications for thoracotomy are restricted in patients with associated chest trauma in presence of shock and acute blood loss.

Hemothorax↗
PubMed2006

Effect of assumed stiffness and mass density on the impact response of the human chest using a three-dimensional FE model of the human body.

The mass density, Young's modulus (E), tangent modulus (Et), and yield stress (sigma y) of the human ribs, sternum, internal organs, and muscles play important roles when determining impact responses of the chest associated with pendulum impact. A series of parametric studies was conducted using a commercially available three-dimensional finite element (FE) model, Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS) of the whole human body, to determine the effect of changing these material properties on the predicted impact force, chest deflection, and the number of rib fractures and fractured ribs. Results from this parametric study indicate that the initial chest apparent stiffness was mainly influenced by the stiffness and mass density of the superficial muscles covering the torso. The number of rib fractures and fractured ribs was primarily determined by the stiffness of the ribcage. Similarly, the stiffness of the ribcage and internal organs contributed to the maximum chest deflection in frontal impact, while the maximum chest deflection for lateral impact was mainly affected by the stiffness of the ribcage. Additionally, the total mass of the whole chest had a moderately effect on the number of rib fractures.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1976

[Indications for the reconstruction of the unstable thorax due to serial rib fractures and respiratory insufficiency].

Because of the impending danger of bronchopneumonial infection caused by hospital germs we consider it of utmost importance in the care and treatment of patients with instable thorax to shorten the period of intubation and artificial respiration. By stabilizing 3 or 4 chozen ribs within the flailing chest wall, we found it possible to significantly reduce the period of intubation, intensive care and hospitalisation. The splinting of several ribs individually by introducing socalled "Rehbein plates" into the medullary cavity of those in question proved to be a trustworthy method in achieving this goal.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1997

[Rib fractures and flail chest in closed chest trauma--stabilizing operations and the results].

A contingent of patients presenting closed chest injuries, sustained over a 12-year period (1985-1996), are analyzed. Of the total of 6938 traumas, chest injuries amount to 3286 (47.06 per cent) of which 2842 (40.7 per cent)-closed. Of the latter 2248 (79.09 per cent) are located in the left thoracic half, 420 (14.77 per cent)-in the right thoracic half, and in 174 (6.12 per cent) it is a matter of bilateral involvement. At the point of heaviest impact, involving 5th to 9th rib segment, left side injury is recorded in 2034 cases (71.56 per cent), right side--408 (14.35 per cent), and bilateral--in 155 (5.45 per cent). There are 28 fractures of the sternum (0.85 per cent). Of the latter 14 are located in the manubrium sterni region, twelve--in the middle portion, and two in the distal part of the sternum. Over the last 5 years (1991 through 1995), of 63 casualties with flail chest 16 are with indications for stabilization osteosynthesis, and accordingly subjected to operation. A Schimelmann plate is used in 13 cases, artificial rib type "Ampar"--in three, and sternal stabilization--in one.

Bone Plates↗