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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

HIV and STD testing in prisons: perspectives of in-prison service providers.

Because individuals at risk for HIV and STDs are concentrated in prisons and jails, incarceration is an opportunity to provide HIV and STD testing. We interviewed 72 service providers working in U.S. prisons in four states about their experiences with and perceptions regarding HIV and STD testing in prison. Providers' job duties represented administration, education, security, counseling, and medical care. Providers' knowledge of prison procedures and programs related to HIV and STD testing was narrowly limited to their specific job duties, resulting in many missed opportunities for prevention counseling and referral. Suggestions include increasing health care and counseling staff so posttest counseling can be provided for those with negative as well as positive test results, providing additional prevention programs for incarcerated persons, improving staff training about HIV and STD testing, and improving communication among in-prison providers as well as between corrections and public health staff.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

STS-95 Space Experiments (plants and cell biology).

We report the outline of Space Experiments conducted on Space Shuttle (STS-95) launched in autumn of 1998. In this STS-95 mission, Japanese astronaut Dr. Chiaki Mukai achieved her 2nd space flight and conducted a part of 82 space experiments including Japanese experiments. US astronaut Senator John Glenn also achieved his second space flight, 36 years after his first space flight. Senator Glenn was a leader of the original (the first) 7 US astronauts and very famous in US because he succeeded US first orbital space flight around the earth. NASDA had started the project of space experiment using STS-95 at the summer of 1997, therefore we had only one year for the all preparation Yamashita, et al. Biological Sciences in Space, Vol.12 No.3(1998). Scientific results will be reported by investigators, therefore we report here how we had been developing the space experiment plan, on board operation procedure and ground operations including ground control experiments about four plant experiments and one cell biology experiment.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed2006

My story: the discovery and mapping to chromosome 21 of the Alzheimer amyloid gene.

When I decided to clone the amyloid gene I did not know that there were some twenty groups around the research world that desperately tried to do the same. If I knew that I would have never started the project. I was so ignorant about the disease that I did not know how to spell the name Alzheimer. I had to look at the papers of other researchers to make sure that I my spelling was correct. After the cloning, I was invited to numerous national and international meetings on AD. These meetings became my University where I majored in AD.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

Research process. Planning the research project.

This second article in a series of six on the research process provides a guide to planning a research project from start to finish. By description and illustration, 13 steps are outlined. Although the guide is comprehensive, advice is offered at strategic points regarding the value of consulting with a research specialist or a colleague experienced in research to gain assistance or insight into the planning process. Additionally, an admonition underlies the whole process: keep it simple and succinct.

Planning Techniques↗
PubMed1998

The art of defining computer system requirements: say what you need and need what you say.

The task of defining computer system requirements often involves the consideration of an overwhelming number of complexly related factors. Therefore, before getting started, a project team assigned this task needs to get an overview and develop a clear understanding of the main objectives and the alternative methods it can use in carrying out its responsibilities. This article presents tips and techniques for achieving success in the requirements definition phase of a software selection process.

Capital Expenditures↗
PubMed1999

[Increasing the immunization rate against measles, mumps, and rubella in medical students at the University of Berne].

From 1992 to 1997 the seroprevalence of antibodies against measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) in Swiss medical students was between 77.3% and 86.2%, which is clearly below the target of > 95%. To prevent MMR infections in doctors and possible transmission to their patients, in 1994 we started a project in which MMR vaccination was offered to non-immune students. During three courses in medical school, 82 of 87 (94.3%) non-immune students were vaccinated, thus increasing the immunization rate to more than 96%. We have developed a spread sheet allowing calculation of the direct costs of two different strategies: 1. Determination of immunity followed by MMR vaccination of non-immune students; 2. Universal MMR immunization. Screening before vaccination was less expensive if the immunity level was higher than 73.5% and the calculation was based on prices for mass screening and mass vaccination. Universal immunization was favoured when prices for individual antibody determinations and vaccinations were used for the calculation. A targeted programme of MMR vaccination was successful in increasing the immunization rate of medical students against MMR to > 96%.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Three-tiered integration of PACS and HIS toward next generation total hospital information system.

The Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) started a project to innovate the hospital information facilities. This project includes installation of high speed hospital network, development of new HIS, OCS (order communication system), RIS and PACS. This project aims at the implementation of the first total hospital information system by seamlessly integrating these systems together. To achieve this goal, we took three-tiered systems integration approach: network level, database level, and workstation level integration. There are 3 loops of networks in SNUH: proprietary star network for host computer based HIS, Ethernet based hospital LAN for OCS and RIS, and ATM based network for PACS. They are linked together at the backbone level to allow high speed communication between these systems. We have developed special communication modules for each system that allow data interchange between different databases and computer platforms. We have also developed an integrated workstation in which both the OCS and PACS application programs run on a single computer in an integrated manner allowing the clinical users to access and display radiological images as well as textual clinical information within a single user environment. A study is in progress toward a total hospital information system in SNUH by seamlessly integrating the main hospital information resources such as HIS, OCS, and PACS. With the three-tiered systems integration approach, we could successfully integrate the systems from the network level to the user application level.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed2000

[Test for human papillomavirus: no added value by inclusion in improved population screening for cervical cancer at this point].

There is convincing evidence that high risk types of human papilloma virus (hrHPV) infection are strongly associated with the development of (the majority of) cervical carcinomas. The tumour-biological model will undoubtedly provide several potential cellular progression markers in the near future. As it is, there is not sufficient evidence to include the detection of hrHPV in the Dutch population screening programme. The population screening programme has in the recent years been reorganized, with many favourable effects in effectiveness and efficiency. It is proposed to start research projects at the regional level of the screening programme to test the applicability of newly developed molecular markers.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Participatory development of a minimum dataset for the Khayelitsha district.

BACKGROUND: Traditional 'data-led' information systems have created excessive amounts of poor-quality and poorly utilised data. The Health Information Systems Pilot Project (HISPP), a Western Cape project that started in 1996, initiated a process in one of its three pilot sites to model an alternative approach to developing a district health information system. OBJECTIVE: To develop a minimum dataset for Khayelitsha as part of an action-led district health and management information system in a participatory 'bottom-up' process. METHOD: The HISPP, in conjunction with health workers in the proposed Khayelitsha district, developed a minimum dataset through a process of defining local goals, targets and indicators. This dataset was integrated with data requirements at regional and provincial levels. RESULTS: A minimum dataset was produced that defined all the data needed according to the frequency of reporting and the level at which it was required. CONCLUSION: The HISPP has demonstrated an alternative model for defining health information needs at district level. This participatory process has enabled health workers to appraise their own information needs critically and has encouraged local use of information for planning and action.

Adult↗