Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Professional Competence”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Forum on economic credentialing (E.C.).

What is economic credentialing? The California Medical Association defines economic credentialing as follows: "The use of economic criteria that do not apply to quality for granting or renewing medical staff pr ivileges?" The American Medical Association defines economic credentialing as " ... the use of economic criteria unrelated to quality of care or professional competency in determining an individual's qualification for initial or continuing hospital medical staff membership or pr-ivileges?" The Florida Medical Association defines economic credentialing as " ... any practice that denies access to hospitals based on eco- nomic criteria unrelated to the clinical qualifications or professional responsibilities of the physician." It also defines economic credentialing as " ... fiscal responsibility in practicing quality healthcare," and specifically notes that the governing body of a hospital has the right to discipline physicians (and presumably, exclude them) on the basis of resource utilization.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Leadership strategies to enhance the transition from nursing student role to professional nurse.

As new nursing graduates enter the workplace, they are faced with demands that have the potential to be the most challenging they will face in their professional careers. Challenges include nursing shortages, increased patient acuity, and early patient discharges (Ellerton & Gregor, 2003). Moreover, studies indicate clinical nursing practice is extremely stressful for new graduates (Charnley, 1999; Dearmun, 1998; Delaney, 2003; Maben & Clark, 1998; Oermann & Moffitt-Wolf, 1997). Authors have documented concerns of graduating nursing students, which include being able to function as a competent professional registered nurse and worries about the work environment (McConnell & Dadich, 1997) as well as meeting the performance expectations of the workplace given new graduates' self-perceived lack of clinical experience (Heslop, McIntyre &e Ives, 2001). There is a need to examine what is known about the transition from nursing student to professional nurse. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature to identify current issues affecting the transition of newly graduated nursing students into their professional nursing roles, examine strategies designed to enhance transition, and to propose ways nurse leaders in education and service can collaborate to positively influence this process.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2006

Learning in practice: experiences and perceptions of high-scoring physicians.

PURPOSE: To increase understanding of informal learning in practice (e.g., consulting with colleagues, reading journals) through exploring the experiences and perceptions of physicians perceived to be performing well. Objectives were to find out how physicians learned in practice and maintained their competence, and how they learned about the communication skills domain specifically. METHOD: Of 142 family physicians participating in a formal multisource feedback (360-degree) formative assessment, 25 receiving high scores were invited to participate in interviews conducted in 2003 at Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine. Twelve responded. Interviews were 1.5 hours each, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by the research team using accepted qualitative procedures. RESULTS: While formal learning appeared important to most, informal learning, especially through patients and colleagues, appeared to be fundamental. The physicians appeared to learn intentionally from practice and work experiences, and reflection appeared integral to learning and monitoring the impact of learning. Two findings were surprising: participants' conceptions of competence and perceptions that communication skills were innate rather than learned. CONCLUSIONS: These physicians' ways of intentional learning from practice concur with current models of informal learning. However, informal learning is largely unrecognized by formal institutions. Additionally, the physicians did not in general share notions of professional competence held by educators and others in authority. These findings suggest the need to make implicit content and learning processes more explicit. Additional research areas include exploring whether physicians across the range of performance levels demonstrate similar processes of reflective learning.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The global nursing shortage: an overview of issues and actions.

Today's global nursing shortage is having an adverse impact on health systems around the world. A major initiative by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) yielded important information regarding the shortage and solutions to it. These are organized into five priority areas: policy intervention; macroeconomics and health sector funding; workforce planning and policy, including regulation; positive practice environments; and retention and recruitment (includes migration); and nursing leadership. Internationally momentum is building, providing the opportunity to bring attention to these issues and to take action. This article presents an overview of the global nursing shortage (which, since 2002, has been termed a global crisis), provides the perspectives of the ICN, and discusses the ICN's initiatives regarding that crisis. Founded in 1899, the ICN is the world's first and largest organization for health professionals. As a federation of national nurses' associations in 129 countries, ICN represents the more than 13 million nurses working worldwide. It works to ensure quality nursing care for all, sound health policies globally, the advancement of nursing knowledge, and the presence worldwide of a respected, competent professional workforce.

Internationality↗
PubMed1998

'We have to put up with it--don't we?' The experience of being the registered nurse on duty, managing a violent incident involving an elderly patient: a phenomenological study.

The incidence of violence directed towards nurses is well known. However, despite guidelines and training aimed at preventing or minimizing these incidents, recent reports indicate an increase in their occurrence. This phenomenological study investigated the experiences of five registered nurses who had to manage a violent incident involving an elderly patient. The purpose of this was to discover what these nurses 'know' about the structure of such an experience and, through the use of Colaizzi's method of data analysis, present this knowledge in the form of an exhaustive description of the experience. Taped interviews were used to collect the data. The analytical process revealed that the experience is structured around five themes: professional competence, nursing identity, powerlessness and oppression, loss (neglected and deserted) and strategies for survival. The discussion analyses these themes and the relationships between them, highlighting the issues of nurse autonomy and exercising accountability. The implications for nursing practice, education and research include recognition of nurses as a professional group to enable autonomous practice, the ways in which nurses' perceptions of nursing knowledge may affect their educative role and the need to extend this study further to provide answers to the questions raised therein.

Dangerous Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of aberrant medical humor by psychiatric unit staff.

The purpose of this study was to develop a grounded theory about the joking behaviors of psychiatric unit staff. Fifty nine staff members (Male = 23, Female = 36), ages 28-62, who worked in an urban, public facility were observed in unit meetings over a two year period. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Participants used aberrant humor to deal with the basic social process of facing a series of ultimately unresolvable problems. The factors involved included the organizational context of the working environment, contact with a stigmatized patient group, and stressful staff-patient interactions which led to the erosion of a sense of professional competence and the resulting demoralization, resentment, and vengeful counteraction. Two major categories of joking emerged: whimsical and sarcastic humor. Six subcategories of humor also emerged: incongruous, bravado, self-mocking, discounting, malicious and gallows humor. Staff engaged in more sarcastic than whimsical humor. Findings support the need for professionals to recognize the potentially detrimental effects of joking behaviors on their treatment effectiveness.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

[Government and training demands].

The availability of adequately trained professionals in sufficient numbers is an essential condition for guaranteeing good quality of health care. The Individual Health Care Professions Act fosters the quality by defining the educational requirements and the area of professional competence. The proposal of the working group 'Competition, Deregulation and Quality of Legislation in the health care' to make the dental hygienist free accessible for the patient is in accordance with the policy of the government to foster the efficiency by task delegation. The replacement of sectorial EU-directives by general directives for the free movement of professionals within the European Economic Area has more drawbacks than advantages. Most EU-memberstates are not a proponent for a vocational year after the basic dental training. Deficiencies in the basic dental training should have been met by lengthening the basic training.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1993

Establishing a group practice "without walls".

The group practice "without walls" has become a health care delivery system that is preferred by an increasing number of physicians. This article traces the experience of Premier Medical Group, PC, a "second generation" clinic without walls in the Denver Metropolitan area, to highlight the potential benefits and the key issues related to the development and implementation of a group practice-without-walls model of health-care delivery. The model promises to address physician business and professional needs by building on the best aspects of a traditional group practice, in an overall organizational structure that maximizes each physician's autonomy, individual practice style, and practice identity. The successful implementation of a group practice without walls depends upon physician leadership and impetus, clear goals-and-objectives, competent professional staff, and legal-and-financial guidance.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed2005

Ways of relating during childbirth: an ethical responsibility and challenge for midwives.

The way in which midwives relate to expectant parents during the process of childbirth greatly influences the parents' childbirth experiences for a long time. We believe that examining and describing ways of relating in naturally occurring interactions during childbirth should be considered as an ethical responsibility. This has been highlighted in relation to parents' experiences and in the light of the relational ethics of Løgstrup. Four couples' and nine midwives' ways of relating were documented by 27 hours of observation, including 14.5 hours of video-recorded sessions. A qualitative content analysis was conducted. The midwives strongly influenced the different ways of relating and three aspects of professional competence were disclosed. The results can contribute to reflections about current praxis as an ethical demand for midwives.

Female↗
PubMed2006

Discursive patterns in multiprofessional healthcare teams.

AIM: The aim of this paper is to report a study exploring how members of multiprofessional healthcare teams talk about their team. Specifically, the team members' talk was analysed to explore the discursive patterns that emerged and their functions. BACKGROUND: Over recent decades there has been an increasing demand in Western countries to change care organizations and to coordinate resources and professional competencies to meet the needs of patients/service users better. Because society promotes this kind of work, it may be valuable to explore the self-presentations of a multiprofessional healthcare team. METHODS: A discourse analysis was carried out on existing empirical data from focus group interviews with a member-identified category sample comprising 32 healthcare professionals in six authentic multiprofessional teams in south-east Sweden. The analysis focused on the participants' discursive constructions of multiprofessional teamwork, on the way they talked about their group, and, in particular, on their use of the pronouns we, they and I. FINDINGS: The constructions of 'we' by multiprofessional healthcare teams showed discursive patterns that are here referred to as knowledge synergy and trusting support, which included factors such as cross-learning and personal chemistry. The pronoun we was also used as a flexible resource to manage expertise, power and leadership within the teams, and it might also function to ease the pressure for consensus. CONCLUSION: These discursive patterns provided powerful rhetorical resources for team members, both to affirm their choice of membership and to claim superiority in relations with the surrounding community (the others) by linking to a societal discourse that promotes collaboration.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Factors related to inappropriate referral between primary and specialized care: qualitative study among primary care physicians].

OBJECTIVE: To characterise the factors that, from a primary care physician's point of view, are related to inappropriate referral from primary to specialised health care. METHODS: We conducted two focus groups and two semi-structured interviews with primary care physicians. Each of the participant's profiles was defined according to variables related to inappropriate referral found in previous studies. Discussions were recorded on audio tape and later transcribed verbatim onto paper. We analysed the factors related to inappropriate referral according to frequency and capacity for generating discussion. RESULTS: Primary care physicians have different concepts regarding inappropriate referral, besides health problems that can be solved in primary care. Inappropriate referral is usually justified. Factors related to inappropriate referral can be divided into four groups: 1) related to the patient and patient/doctor relationship: pressure exerted on the primary care physician, caused by a belief in specialists' greater competence, the right of the patient to specialist referral and mass media pressure; 2) related to the health system: lack of coordination between care levels, consultancy time pressure, lack of equipment and distance to the specialist; 3) related to primary care physicians: lack of training and defensive medical practise; 4) related to specialists: professional competence and behaviour with patients. CONCLUSIONS: A notable gap can clearly be seen between primary and specialised care, and this generates problems in the health system. It is difficult to implement prevention and control measures with the factors related to inappropriate referral. Primary care physicians form opinions that are not based on available evidence. Further research is needed in both qualitative and quantitative fields.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Ethical considerations for residents.

To help residents understand the moral obligations they have undertaken by becoming doctors, the author presents an overview of the ethical landscape of medical practice. She begins by stating that doctors' primary obligation is to use the knowledge of science in working together with others for the good of their patients. This involves (1) relying on the scientific method (and thus eschewing nonscientific alternatives) and supporting or conducting scientific research; (2) embracing the cooperative model (i.e., when appropriate, working cooperatively with other physicians and other health care providers); and (3) working for the good of the patient to preserve life, cure disease, restore or preserve function, educate, and alleviate suffering. In order to fulfill this complex obligation physicians must be professionally competent, they must respect their colleagues and patients, and they must genuinely care about their patients' well-being. The author then discusses the moral complexity of common encounters in medical practice. She explains the ethical conflicts that underlie issues of paternalism, justice, the use of patients for teaching, and end-of-life care. Since new moral problems are introduced with new technology and since medicine is confronting an increasing demand for services in the face of shrinking resources, she maintains that, more than ever, physicians must be aware of the ethical dimensions of their work and be able to organize their understanding of the issues. To meet the complex and demanding commitments of medical practice and to successfully navigate the ethical challenges that they will encounter, physicians must mold themselves not only to be knowledge and skilled professionals but also to be respectful and compassionate human beings.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Assessment design issues for evaluating critical thinking in nursing.

The assessment of graduating students' critical thinking skills and habits of mind challenges and rewards those who approach the task from a critical thinking perspective. The article identifies and discusses issues in the design of authentic assessments of critical thinking as an educational outcome predictive of competent professional judgment in nursing practice. Authentic assessment implies a multiple methods design that addresses the diverse contexts within which judgments must be made by professional nurses. Most important, it implies a concern for validity and reliability of measurement, selection of appropriate data points, and attention to a number of logistic and practical concerns.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1992

Supporting health care workers in the treatment of HIV-infected patients.

The care of HIV-infected patients is demanding, raising concerns among health care workers regarding safety, competence, and emotional endurance. Many health care workers are reluctant to undertake this challenging work. For many professions within health care, for example nursing, there is a clearly articulated responsibility to treat all ill individuals. Less unanimity on this point continues among physicians. Clearly, a first issue is to continue the discussion of the nature of physicians' professional responsibilities and to convey an understanding of the duties of physicians to medical students and to those considering careers as doctors. Meanwhile, efforts must continue to recruit individuals in all areas of health care to work with HIV-infected people. To some extent, this process will happen as a natural consequence of the evolution of the epidemic and its decreasing geographic and demographic restriction. "Mainstreaming" AIDS care will also require continuing attention to important issues, such as acquiring and maintaining the requisite professional competence in the management of HIV-related illnesses, ensuring the availability of support services that are required for the comprehensive care of HIV complications, and continuing education on and proactive monitoring of infection control practices. All of these activities assist in the creation of a positive environment for the care of AIDS patients. In addition, the emotional consequences of caring for HIV-infected people should be directly addressed, although there is less information on which strategies are useful. A supportive working environment, characterized by some meaningful element of control by all health care workers not just the medical staff, nonauthoritarian management, explicit and responsive processes for approaching the inevitable ethical dilemmas that arise in the care of HIV-infected patients, and a recognition of the emotional, psychological, and technical aspects of medical care are essential. In such an environment, health care providers will be able to develop and institute programs that address their particular needs. Strategies that have been helpful are diverse and include support groups, rotation of clinical assignments, part-time work, social activities away from the workplace, and collective spiritual activities.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

[Professional stress of physicians].

The present paper described and analyses various strategies of coping with professional stress. The paper is based on investigations of 55 physicians. Our results indicated, that the most difficult situations for doctors are connected with professional competence. Valuable and useful for physicians in their everyday practice is intellectual way of coping. Social support for doctors is the most important to return to inner equilibrium.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluating a continuing education program.

This study evaluated an innovative program designed to assist registered nurses to achieve professional competency in a role that was introduced in the career structure and was new to Western Australian nurses. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to determine formative and summative aspects of the program. The framework for data processing was Stake's Countenance Model. Data were collected from participants and preceptors over one year. A variety of instruments were used including interviews, questionnaires, document reviews and observations. Findings indicate that the program facilitated development of professional behaviours and that the participants found it worthwhile. The method of evaluation was able to demonstrate that the program outcomes were logically and empirically contingent upon transactions and antecedents and were congruent with the program's intentions.

Career Mobility↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Networking: a long-term management strategy.

As we face a changing health-care landscape of mergers and acquisitions during these tough economic times, it is more important than ever to cultivate a network of individuals who can assist you in your career development efforts. How do you manage your career in a shrinking economy? What is networking and how can you use it to enhance your career and professional competencies? Many myths surround the networking process; this article clarifies those misperceptions and tells you the truth about networking and the positive results you can achieve. Networking can be used to get a new job, but it has much wider application as a long-term career management strategy. Learn how you can manage your own career while building professional relationships and coaching your employees.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis: the BSN's preparation for practice.

Entry-level competencies and successful role transition have become a major concern of employers, who often complain that new graduates (particularly with baccalaureate degrees) lack preparation for staff nursing. To aid in this transition to the workplace, a clinical course has been developed for the last semester of a BS programme that increases students' confidence and ability to function as competent professional nurses and that could be used by other countries as a role model. Below, a description of the "Synthesis in Nursing Practice" course and its benefits to both students and future employers.

Clinical Competence↗