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Results for “Periapical Tissue”

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PubMed1991

Periodontium response to a root canal condensing device (Endotec).

Two Macaca (fascicularis) monkeys were used to study the effect of two warm endodontic condensation techniques (Endotec and vertical condensation method) on periodontal tissues. The specimens were histologically evaluated at 3 and 32 days after the endodontic treatments were completed. In this study the periodontium was divided into coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Results indicated that there was no heat-related damage to periodontal tissues from either of the two methods employed. However, some Endotec specimens generated small, reactive inflammatory infiltrates that were restricted to the root canal opening or adjacent periodontal membrane. Similarly, some vertical condensation specimens developed periapical inflammatory processes as well, but they were more extensive and comprised the alveolar bone and marrow spaces.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Influence of apical patency and filling material on healing process of dogs' teeth with vital pulp after root canal therapy.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the periapical healing process of dogs' teeth with or without apical patency and after root canal filling with two types of sealers. Forty roots of premolars and incisors were utilized. The root canals were over-instrumented and dressed with a corticosteroid-antibiotic solution for 7 days to obtain ingrowth of periapical connective tissue into the canals. After this period, the tissue was removed in half of the specimens (groups with patency) and preserved in the other half (groups without patency). Canals were filled by lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha points and either a calcium hydroxide-based sealer (Sealer Plus) or a Grossman's cement (Fill Canal). The animals were killed by anesthetic overdose 60 days after the endodontic treatment and anatomic pieces were obtained and prepared for histologic examination. Data were evaluated in a blind analysis on the basis of several histomorphologic parameters. The groups without patency had better results (p=0.01) than those in which the ingrown connective tissue was removed. Comparing the sealers, Sealer Plus had significantly better results (p=0.01) than Fill Canal. In conclusion, both the apical patency (presence or absence) and the type of root canal filling material influenced the periapical healing process in dogs' teeth with vital pulp after root canal treatment. The use of a calcium hydroxide-based sealer in teeth without apical patency yielded the best results among the experimental conditions proposed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2003

The major factors that influence endodontic retreatment decisions.

The presence of a new or persistent periapical radiolucency adjacent to a rootfilled tooth is often used as a criterion of endodontic treatment "failure". However, clinicians' suggested management of such cases is subject to substantial interindividual variation. Several components that might influence endodontic retreatment decision making have been explored, but data on which factors dentists actually think they consider, are missing. The aim was to interview 20 general dental practitioners (GDPs) and 20 endodontists about factors they thought would influence the prescription of endodontic retreatment. Six simulated cases were presented as cartoons accompanied with a clinical history. In two of the cases the teeth were planned to serve as an abutment tooth in a fixed prosthodontic construction. The status of the periapical bone tissue and the quality of rootfilling seal were varied. Between 1 and 6 factors per case were reported to influence decision making. In cases not planned to serve as abutment teeth most dentists considered that the periapical condition was the most important factor, whilst they considered the fixed prosthodontic construction to be the most important factor in cases planned as abutment teeth. Generally, endodontists seem to be more inclined to retreat and act on the mere presence of a periapical lesion regardless of size than GDPs. In a real clinical setting in direct contact with patients, additional factors like economy and patients' preferences might be expected to exert a major influence. The majority of the dentists stated that they thought that their colleagues would make similar decisions as they did themselves.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2005

Histologic study of furcation perforations treated with MTA or Super EBA in dogs' teeth.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the histologic response to MTA or Super EBA when used for the repair of furcation perforations in dogs' teeth. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety mandibular premolar and molar teeth of 9 mongrel dogs were used in this study. The teeth were divided into 3 groups. Seventy-two teeth were repaired with either MTA or Super EBA (36 each), and 18 teeth were not repaired and used as negative controls. All groups were histologically examined at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment. Histologic evaluation was done with regard to inflammation and type of healing. RESULTS: The Super EBA group showed moderate inflammation in 1 month; the inflammation decreased over time, but most of specimens showed inflammatory reaction from mild to severe at the end of 6 months. The perforation area was filled by connective tissue in specimens in which no inflammation was seen. In the MTA group, mild inflammation was seen in 1 month, it decreased in 3 months, and no inflammation was detected in 6 months. New cementum formation was taken in place in 4 specimens in 1 month, in 8 specimens in 3 months, and in all specimens in 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: MTA showed less inflammation than Super EBA. MTA specimens showed healing with new cementum formation in the perforation area, whereas Super EBA specimens in which no inflammation was seen showed connective tissue healing.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2002

Pathologic interactions in pulpal and periodontal tissues.

Both endodontic and periodontal disease are caused by a mixed anaerobic infection. The pathways for the spread of bacteria between pulpal and periodontal tissues have been discussed with controversy. This article is an attempt to provide a rational approach to the perio-endo/endo-perio question based on a review of the relevant literature. In the light of evidence, clinical concepts for the diagnosis and treatment of lesions involving both periodontal and pulpal tissues are discussed.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1992

Prognosis of luxated non-vital maxillary incisors treated with calcium hydroxide and filled with gutta-percha. A retrospective clinical study.

A material of 885 luxated, non-vital incisors was evaluated radiographically with respect to healing of periodontal tissues including inflammatory root resorption and occurrence of ankylosis and cervical root fractures. The results were assessed after completion of calcium hydroxide treatment and 4 years after filling of the root canal with gutta-percha. After treatment with calcium hydroxide, periapical healing occurred in 95% of the teeth. Four years after filling with gutta-percha, periapical healing was present in 91% of the teeth. In the remaining teeth, recurrent or persistent periapical radiolucency was more frequent in overfilled than adequately filled teeth (P = 0.0001). There was no difference between immature and mature teeth. Inflammatory root resorption healed in 192 of 197 teeth (97%); in 5 teeth it developed into ankylosis. Ankylosis occurred in 13 teeth, all of which were intruded into the alveolar bone at the time of injury. The frequency of cervical root fractures was markedly higher in immature than mature teeth (P greater than 0.0001). Among immature teeth, the frequency of fractures was dependent on the stage of root development (chi 2 = 31.6) and ranged from 77% in teeth with the least to 28% in teeth with the most developed roots. The frequency of fractures was also related to the defects after healing of inflammatory root resorption in the cervical area of the root, significant at P less than 0.0001.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of hard tissue density changes around implants assessed in digitized conventional radiographs and subtraction images.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this in vivo study was to compare peri-implant bone density assessed by the mean gray value of the histogram in digitized conventional radiographs and two digital subtraction images (DSI) methods: linear and logarithmic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients were monitored by standardized periapical radiographs 1 week after surgery and 4 months later. The radiographs were digitized and manipulated by means of EMAGO software. Linear and logarithmic DSI were obtained, and a filter was added to the logarithmic image. Control and test regions were selected and the mean value of the gray level of the histogram of these selected areas was obtained. This process was carried out in the digitized conventional radiographs (DCR) and the two methods of DSI. After that, the images were divided into two groups, with and without bone loss, and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The results indicate that differences between the jaws did not reach significance, in all the images and in the two groups with and without bone loss. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between the radiographic density assessed in the DCR and the two methods of subtraction images. CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring of peri-implant bone density by the mean gray value of the histogram in a selected area can be assessed either by linear and logarithmic DSI or by DCR.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide and eugenol pulpectomies in primary teeth of dogs.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare calcium hydroxide with zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) as root canal obturants in the pulpectomy procedure for irreversibly inflamed primary pulps of dogs. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic comparisons of calcium hydroxide and ZOE root canal filling materials were made in forty-two primary premolars of seven mongrel puppies. When the animals were 6 weeks of age, the pulps of all samples teeth were extirpated and the canals left open to the oral environment. The root canals were assigned to calcium hydroxide, ZOE, and control groups, instrumented, and filled 2 weeks later. The animals were killed 1 day, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks after filling. Statistical analysis of all categories for comparison at 4 weeks indicated that calcium hydroxide gave significantly more favorable results than ZOE. Canals treated with calcium hydroxide exhibited less inflammation, less resorption, and more hard-tissue apposition than ZOE-treated and control groups.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Biologic perspectives to support clinical choices in root canal treatment.

Some of the most keenly debated issues in endodontics have revolved around the where to end the root filling, as well as cleaning and shaping and obturation techniques. In some respects, original scientifically-based concepts have been abandoned in favour of clinical techniques that may provide aesthetically pleasing radiographs, but do not necessarily support tissue regeneration around the root apex following obturation. Recently advocated obturation techniques supporting the use of resin-based and bonded materials have not had the same extensive evaluation that gutta-percha, when in contact with the periradicular tissues, has had. Further studies are necessary so that evidence-based data can support the confident use of these innovative materials.

Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materi↗
PubMed1977

Aberrant salivary gland tissue in the anterior mandible.

Salivary gland tissue inclusions in the posterior part of the mandible are not rare. Inclusions in the anterior portion, however, are very unusual, and the case presented here brings the number of reported cases up to a total of seven. The aberrant gland appeared on a panoramic radiograph as a radiolucency judged to be a periapical lesion on the right mandibular second premolar.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Tissue reactions following apical plugging of the root canal with dentin chips in monkey teeth subjected to pulpectomy.

The tissue reaction following apical plugging of the root canal with dentin chips in monkey teeth subjected to pulpectomy was studied. The reaction was characterized by formation of a cementum-like tissue onto the chips, often walling off the root canal as well as accessory and lateral canals. Twenty-two of twenty-four teeth were rated as successful 95 days after pulpectomy. In the control groups, in which apical plugging of the canal with dentin chips was not attempted, ten of twenty-one teeth were rated as successful at this observation time. In six of the ten successfully treated teeth in these groups a dentin chip plug had been made, although care had been taken to avoid this. It is suggested that a plug of dentin chips is well tolerated by the tissues and may present an effective barrier in the apical part of the root canal, facilitating the accomplishment of a well-condensed, tightly sealing root filling.

Animals↗